Salt-tolerant rice (STR) cultivation is an effective way to remediate coastal saline land (CSL). However, soil bacterial community and ecological function groups, as well as their controlling factors ...under STR cultivation in CSL, are still unclear. Here, we evaluated the composition, diversity, and ecological function groups of soil bacteria under different STR cultivation years in a typical CSL in eastern China. Soil bacterial communities across soil samples were dominated primarily by the phyla Proteobacteria (14.3–26.2 %), Bacteroidetes (13.5–17.3 %), Chloroflexi (13.5–17.3 %), Patescibacteria (7.1–13.1 %) and Desulfobacterota (6.6–11.0 %). STR cultivation notably decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Planctomycetota phyla, while increasing the relative abundances of the Chloroflexi, Desulfobacterota, and Crenarchaeota phyla. The richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities were significantly increased after STR cultivation. Meanwhile, a significant difference in beta diversity of soil bacterial communities was found in STR fields and uncultivated CSL. Additionally, six functional categories were identified, among which metabolism and genetic information processing were the dominant functional groups. Compared with soil bacterial community composition, the bacterial community diversity has a greater impact on bacterial ecological functions. Moreover, the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities are profoundly driven by soil water content, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. In summary, STR cultivation altered the soil environment and bacterial community, and their ecological function groups, thus improving soil quality and being considered an effective measure for improving CSL.
•STR cultivation significantly altered soil bacterial composition.•STR cultivation remarkably increased the diversity of soil bacterial communities.•Metabolism and genetic information processing were the dominant functional groups.•Soil bacterial communities are profoundly influenced by SWC, EC, TN, and TP.
A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, methylphosphonate-decomposing, motile by a polar flagellum and rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated S4B1
T
, was isolated from the surface seawater ...collected from the Yongle Atoll (Xisha Islands, PR China). The pairwise alignment showed the highest sequence similarity of 97.5 and 96.6 % to
Vibrio aestuarianus
subsp.
cardii
12_122_3T3
T
and
Vibrio atypicus
HHS02
T
, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and the phylogenomic analysis of single-copy genes showed that strain S4B1
T
belonged to the genus
Vibrio
and formed a close branch with
Vibrio qingdaonensis
ZSDZ65
T
. Growth of strain S4B1
T
occurred at 4–30 °C (optimum, 28 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 2–7 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %). The predominant fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0, iso-C
16 : 0
and summed feature 3 (C
16 : 1
ω
7
c
or/and C
16 : 1
ω
6
c
). The DNA G+C content of the assembled genomic sequence was 44.3 mol%. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between S4B1
T
and its reference species were lower than the threshold for species delineation (95–96 %), in which its highest ANI value with
V. qingdaonensis
ZSDZ65
T
was 87.0 %.
In silico
DNA–DNA hybridization further showed that strain S4B1
T
had less than 70 % similarity to its relatives. On the basis of the polyphasic evidence, strain S4B1
T
is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus
Vibrio
, for which the name
Vibrio methylphosphonaticus
sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S4B1
T
(=KCTC 92311
T
=MCCC 1K06168
T
).
The main objective of this study was to examine the presence of chaos in the EEG recordings of brain activity under simulated unmanned ground vehicle visual detection scenarios with different levels ...of task difficulty. One hundred and fifty people participated in the experiment and completed four visual detection task scenarios: (1) change detection, (2) a threat detection task, (3) a dual-task with different change detection task rates, and (4) a dual-task with different threat detection task rates. We used the largest Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension of the EEG data and performed 0–1 tests on the EEG data. The results revealed a change in the level of nonlinearity in the EEG data corresponding to different levels of cognitive task difficulty. The differences in EEG nonlinearity measures among the studied levels of task difficulty, as well as between a single task scenario and a dual-task scenario, have also been assessed. The results increase our understanding of the nature of unmanned systems' operational requirements.
•We focused on examining changes in chaotic behavior in EEG data.•One hundred and fifty people participated in the experiment and completed four visual detection task scenarios.•We used the largest Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension of the EEG data and performed 0–1 tests on the EEG data.•The results increase our understanding of the nature of unmanned systems' operational requirements.
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•New ceramic filter functionalized with chitosan/TiO2 nanocomposites was produced.•The physiochemical characteristics of CT-CDFs were characterized.•The mechanism for removing E. coli ...from water through CT-CDFs was revealed.•The effects of operation factors and their interactions were explored.•CT-CDF was proved to be an economic-feasible solution for water purification.
The intaking of water with undesired substances may cause many water-borne diseases. It is required to develop efficient and low-cost water purification technologies for developing countries. In this study, a new ceramic disk filter functionalized by chitosan/TiO2 nanocomposites (CT-CDF) for bacterial removal from drinking water was investigated. The characterization results showed that the chitosan/TiO2 nanocomposites were attached to the surface of CDFs. The optimal conditions for producing CT-CDFs were 0.2 g of chitosan, 0.05 g of TiO2, and 0.04 g of coating amount, respectively. The factorial analysis indicated that the illumination time and lamp power promoted the reduction of E. coli, but influent E. coli concentration showed a negative effect. There was an interaction between lamp power and influent E. coli concentration. The bacterial removal of CT-CDFs was due to the retention by irregular pores in CT-CDF, the cellmembrane damage caused by the attached chitosan/TiO2 nanocomposites, and the oxidative stress in cells from ROS generated by nano-TiO2. Prolonging illumination time and increasing lamp power can promote the photocatalysis, resulting in the enhanced removal efficiency of CT-CDFs. The results of this study can provides not only an insight into the bacterial removal involving multiple mechanisms, but also an economic-feasible solution for resolving the water safety issues in developing countries.
Postoperative sore throat （POST） is a common and easily overlooked complication after endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. It seriously affects patients satisfaction and the quality of ...postoperative recovery. However, the consensus on the best drugs or interventions for POST management remains controversial. This study reviews the influencing factors and progress of prevention and treatment of POST intubation under general anesthesia, in order to provide a reference for reducing the incidence of POST after endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia.
In this paper, glutathione capped Mn2+-doped ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) were conjugated with nitric oxide (NO) photosensitive-donors (Fe4S3(NO)7−, RBS) to fabricate QDs-RBS nanocomposites under ...electrostatic interactions. The QDs-RBS presented marked two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF, peaked at 570 nm) upon two-photon excitation (with 1130 nm laser). The TPEF emitting from QDs in QDs-RBS could trigger the RBS photolysis to release NO. By regulating excitation power and irradiation time, the QDs-RBS showed controllable NO release in water-soluble environments. Upon two-photon excitation, the QDs-RBS also demonstrated high growth inhibition to cancer cells. Experimental results revealed that the TPEF (570 nm) of QDs efficiently triggered the release of NO from RBS, and the released NO induced significant cytotoxicity to cancer cells.
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•Mn2+-doped ZnSe QDs were combined with photosensitive NO donors (RBS).•The prepared nanocomposites of QDs-RBS presented marked two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF).•The TPEF triggered NO releasing from RBS.•The released NO was used to kill cancer cells.
The incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) into building envelopes has proven to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption to combat climate change. However, the energy performance of ...PCM-enhanced building depends on several factors and the optimization of such factors using empirical building design is more difficult and sometimes even impossible. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method to consider multi-objectives, including building energy consumption, economic benefit, and carbon-saving. In this study, a non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA III) is coupled with a Stacking model to minimize building operational energy consumption (BOEC) and maximize life cycle economic benefit (LCEB) and life cycle carbon reduction (LCCR) simultaneously by finding the optimum configuration of PCM thickness, window-to-wall ratio, exterior glazing U-value and solar heat gain coefficient. The results show that the Stacking model combined with 8 heterogeneous machine learning models has the best performance for predicting energy consumption with a high correlation efficiency (R2 = 0.97). In addition, the building optimized with the Stacking-NSGA III framework shows a reduction of BOEC by 45.38 % and an increase of LCCR by 10.75 kg·CO2.e/m2. Moreover, the LCEB over a 50-year service life is 452.21 CNY/m2. It is believed that the proposed multi-objective optimization method can help stakeholders to find the most suitable PCM-building design strategies for their specific needs.
•The effects of various decision variables of building envelope on energy consumption were investigated.•A novel Stacking model for predicting building energy consumption was proposed.•NSGA-III algorithm was used to address the multi-objective trade-off of PCM-enhanced building envelopes.•The design strategies for PCM-enhanced building envelopes were discussed.
A corallivorous nudibranch from the South China Sea reproduced explosively and caused extensive damage to Porites in our aquarium. In this study, morphological and molecular analyses of the ...nudibranch were conducted and described. Morphologically, this nudibranch was nearly consistent with Pinufius rebus in its characteristics intermediate between arminids and aeolids. The only detected difference was that the hook-like denticles on the masticatory border of P. rebus were absent in this nudibranch. In a molecular analysis, phylogenetic results based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit-I, 16S rRNA, and histone H3 gene sequences showed that this nudibranch and P. rebus form a well-supported sister clade under the superfamily Fionoidea, with significant interspecific divergence (0.18). Thus, we presumed that this nudibranch is a new species of Pinufius. Our results extend the distribution of Pinufius to the South China Sea, support the current taxonomic status of Pinufius under the superfamily Fionoidea, and imply that the species composition of Pinufius is more complex than previous records. Moreover, as a corallivorous nudibranch, the potential threat of Pinufius to coral health cannot be neglected.
Reef-building coral species of the order Scleractinia play an important role in shallow tropical seas by providing an environmental base for the ecosystem. The molecular data of complete ...mitochondrial genome have become an important source for evaluating phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of Scleractinia. Here, the complete mitogenome of Homophyllia bowerbanki (Milne Edwards and Haime, 1857), collected from Nansha Islands of the South China Sea, was sequenced for the first time through a next-generation sequencing method. H. bowerbanki is the first species of its genus for which the mitogenome was sequenced. This mitogenome was 18,154 bp in size and included two transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). It showed a similar gene structure and gene order to the other typical scleractinians. All 17 genes were encoded on the H strand and the total GC content was 33.86% in mitogenome. Phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood tree method) showed that H. bowerbanki belonged to the “Robust” clade and clustered together with other two species in the family Lobophylliidae based on 13 PCGs. The mitogenome can provide significant molecular information to clarify the evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships between stony corals and to facilitate their taxonomic classification; it can also support coral species monitoring and conservation efforts.
