Purpose
The study aimed to investigate the problematic eating patterns and understand their relationship to psychological constructs, including stress intolerance, coping mechanisms and impulsivity, ...and psychiatric symptoms among bariatric surgery candidates.
Methods
The bariatric candidates were evaluated by psychiatric interview and standard scales assessing maladaptive eating behaviors (Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Bulimia Investigatory Test-Edinburgh (BITE), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ)), depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)), psychiatric symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)), and psychological constructs (Distress Intolerance Index (DSI), Coping Styles Scale (CSS), UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale(UPPS)).
Results
More than half (57.8%) had maladaptive eating behaviors, and 23.6% had binge-eating behavior. Depression and anxiety predicted EAT, BITE, and DEBQ emotional and external eating sub-scale scores; distress intolerance, helpless coping style, and impulsivity predicted maladaptive eating behaviors in bariatric candidates.
Conclusion
Maladaptive eating patterns play an essential role in the failure to lose weight and regain weight and are predicted by depression, anxiety, and psychological constructs in this study. Evaluation of pathological trait characteristics besides discrete psychiatric syndromes should be recommended in the pre-operation process to plan relevant interventions in the long-term management of weight.
Level of evidence
Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort analytic studies.
Ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (LRTI) procedures for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis aim to prevent proximal metacarpal migration to improve thumb function. We sought to evaluate ...the effect of the remaining trapezial space on outcomes after trapeziectomy with LRTI. Forty-seven patients were included in this study. Patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically. They were divided into two groups according to the remaining trapezial space at last follow-up. Postoperative to preoperative trapezial space ratio was >50% in group 1 and <50% in group 2. Mean follow-up was 30.8 months. Mean age, sex, dominant side, preoperative stage, and follow-up were similar in both groups. The mean QuickDASH scores were significantly better in group 1 than group 2. Mean tip and key pinch were significantly stronger in group 1, than group 2. Trapeziectomy with LRTI is the most used surgical technique and it produces satisfactory results. Improved clinical outcomes can be achieved when more than 50% of the preoperative trapezial space remains.
Les techniques de reconstruction ligamentaire et interposition tendineuse dans la rhizarthrose visent à prévenir la migration proximale du premier métacarpien pour améliorer la fonction du pouce. Notre but était d’évaluer les effets de l’espace trapézien restant sur les résultats de la trapézectomie avec reconstruction ligamentaire et interposition tendineuse. Quarante-sept patients ont été inclus dans cette étude. Les patients étaient évalués cliniquement et radiographiquement. Ils étaient divisés en deux groupes selon l’espace trapézien résiduel au dernier recul. Le ratio de l’espace trapézien postopératoire était supérieur à 50 % de l’espace trapézien préopératoire dans le groupe 1 et inférieur à 50 % dans le groupe 2. Le recul moyen était de 30,8 mois. L’âge moyen, le sexe, le côté dominant, le stade préopératoire étaient similaires dans les deux groupes. Dans le groupe 1, le score QuickDASH moyen était significativement meilleur que dans le groupe 2. Dans le groupe 1, les pinces pulpo-pulpaires et pulpo-latérales étaient significativement plus fortes que dans le groupe 2. La trapézectomie avec reconstructions ligamentaires et interposition tendineuse est la technique chirurgicale la plus utilisée avec des résultats satisfaisants. Un résultat clinique meilleur pourrait être obtenu en maintenant plus de la moitié de l’espace trapézien préopératoire.
Comparison of Gaia and asteroseismic distances Yıldız, M; Çelik Orhan, Z; Örtel, S ...
Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Letters,
09/2017, Letnik:
470, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Asteroseismology provides fundamental properties (mass, radius and effective temperature) of solar-like oscillating stars using so-called scaling relations. These properties allow the ...computation of the asteroseismic distance of stars. We compare the asteroseismic distances with the recently released Gaia distances for 74 stars studied in Yıldız et al. There is a very good agreement between these two distances; for 64 of these stars, the difference is less than 10 per cent. However, a systematic difference is seen if we use the effective temperature obtained by spectroscopic methods; the Gaia distances are about 5 per cent greater than the asteroseismic distances.
Context. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is observing bright known planet-host stars across almost the entire sky. These stars have been subject to extensive ground-based ...observations, providing a large number of radial velocity measurements. Aims. The objective of this work is to use the new TESS photometric observations to characterize the star λ2 Fornacis, and following this to update the parameters of the orbiting planet λ2 For b. Methods. We measured the frequencies of the p-mode oscillations in λ2 For, and in combination with non-seismic parameters estimated the stellar fundamental properties using stellar models. Using the revised stellar properties and a time series of archival radial velocities from the UCLES, HIRES and HARPS instruments spanning almost 20 years, we refit the orbit of λ2 For b and searched the residual radial velocities for remaining variability. Results. We find that λ2 For has a mass of 1.16 ± 0.03 M⊙ and a radius of 1.63 ± 0.04 R⊙, with an age of 6.3 ± 0.9 Gyr. This and the updated radial velocity measurements suggest a mass of λ2 For b of 16.8−1.3+1.2 M⊕, which is ∼5M⊕ less than literature estimates. We also detect an additional periodicity at 33 days in the radial velocity measurements, which is likely due to the rotation of the host star. Conclusions. While previous literature estimates of the properties of λ2 For are ambiguous, the asteroseismic measurements place the star firmly at the early stage of its subgiant evolutionary phase. Typically only short time series of photometric data are available from TESS, but by using asteroseismology it is still possible to provide tight constraints on the properties of bright stars that until now have only been observed from the ground. This prompts a reexamination of archival radial velocity data that have been accumulated in the past few decades in order to update the characteristics of the planet hosting systems observed by TESS for which asteroseismology is possible.
Purpose
There is clinical need to predict risk of febrile neutropenia before a specific cycle of chemotherapy in cancer patients.
Methods
Data on 3882 chemotherapy cycles in 1089 consecutive patients ...with lung, breast, and colon cancer from four teaching hospitals were used to construct a predictive model for febrile neutropenia. A final nomogram derived from the multivariate predictive model was prospectively confirmed in a second cohort of 960 consecutive cases and 1444 cycles.
Results
The following factors were used to construct the nomogram: previous history of febrile neutropenia, pre-cycle lymphocyte count, type of cancer, cycle of current chemotherapy, and patient age. The predictive model had a concordance index of 0.95 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.91–0.99) in the derivation cohort and 0.85 (95 % CI = 0.80–0.91) in the external validation cohort. A threshold of 15 % for the risk of febrile neutropenia in the derivation cohort was associated with a sensitivity of 0.76 and specificity of 0.98. These figures were 1.00 and 0.49 in the validation cohort if a risk threshold of 50 % was chosen.
Conclusions
This nomogram is helpful in the prediction of febrile neutropenia after chemotherapy in patients with lung, breast, and colon cancer. Usage of this nomogram may help decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with febrile neutropenia and deserves further validation.
Context.
NGC 4993 is the shell galaxy host of the GRB170817A short gamma-ray burst and the GW170817 gravitational-wave event produced during a binary-neutron-star coalescence.
Aims.
The galaxy shows ...signs, including the stellar shells, that it has recently accreted a smaller, late-type galaxy. The accreted galaxy might be the original host of the binary neutron star.
Methods.
We measured the positions of the stellar shells of NGC 4993 in an HST/ACS archival image and use the shell positions to constrain the time of the galactic merger.
Results.
According to the analytical model of the evolution of the shell structure in the expected gravitational potential of NGC 4993, the galactic merger happened at least 200 Myr ago, with a probable time roughly around 400 Myr, and the estimates higher than 600 Myr being improbable. This constitutes the lower limit on the age of the binary neutron star, because the host galaxy was probably quenched even before the galactic merger, and the merger has likely shut down the star formation in the accreted galaxy. We roughly estimate the probability that the binary neutron star originates in the accreted galaxy to be around 30%.
Background
Studies regarding genetic and clinical characteristics, gender preference, and gonadal malignancy rates for steroid 5-alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency (5α-RD2) are limited and they were ...conducted on small number of patients.
Objective
To present genotype–phenotype correlation, gonadal malignancy risk, gender preference, and diagnostic sensitivity of serum testosterone/dihydrotestosterone (T/DHT) ratio in patients with 5α-RD2.
Materials and methods
Patients with variations in the
SRD5A2
gene were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, phenotype, gender assignment, hormonal tests, molecular genetic data, and presence of gonadal malignancy were evaluated.
Results
A total of 85 patients were included in the study. Abnormality of the external genitalia was the most dominant phenotype (92.9%). Gender assignment was male in 58.8% and female in 29.4% of the patients, while it was uncertain for 11.8%. Fourteen patients underwent bilateral gonadectomy, and no gonadal malignancy was detected. The most frequent pathogenic variants were p.Ala65Pro (30.6%), p.Leu55Gln (16.5%), and p.Gly196Ser (15.3%). The p.Ala65Pro and p.Leu55Gln showed more undervirilization than the p.Gly196Ser. The diagnostic sensitivity of stimulated T/DHT ratio was higher than baseline serum T/DHT ratio, even in pubertal patients. The cut-off values yielding the best sensitivity for stimulated T/DHT ratio were ≥ 8.5 for minipuberty, ≥ 10 for prepuberty, and ≥ 17 for puberty.
Conclusion
There is no significant genotype–phenotype correlation in 5α-RD2. Gonadal malignancy risk seems to be low. If genetic analysis is not available at the time of diagnosis, stimulated T/DHT ratio can be useful, especially if different cut-off values are utilized in accordance with the pubertal status.
Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the antifungal effects of fenhexamid, cyprodinil+fludioxanil, Bacillus subtilis QST 713, Trichoderma secondary metabolites (EGE-K-38 and EGE-K-71) on 6 ...isolates of necrotrophic fungi (Botrytis cinerea) under in- vitro conditions. Methodology: A dual culture technique was used to evaluate the effects of volatile compounds produced by Trichoderma in culture media against Botrytis cinerea isolates. For non-volatile and volatile metabolites, measurements for growth inhibition were made with the mixture of filter sterilized liquid medium of Trichoderma and potato dextrose agar. The fungicidal effects of these non-volatile metabolites and fungicides were first evaluated according to the effective concentration (EC50) data of growing mycelium inhibition of disease agents. Results: According to the results obtained, the drug/agent with the lowest fungicidal activity was determined as fenhexamide, which seems to have the lowest EC50 value of 0.05 ug m l-1. Both non-volatile metabolites and volatile metabolites of Trichoderma strains showed strong inhibition against B. cinerea isolates under experimental conditions. The highest growth inhibition percentage was determined with volatile metabolites of Trihoderma atroviride EGE-K-71 strain as 71.8%. Interpretation: The study suggest that filtrates that contain secondary metabolites and volatile compounds of Trichoderma strains produced in both liquid culture and dual culture conditions can be used as an effective fungal control agents against pre and postharvest contamination of grapes with Botrytis cinerea.
Purpose: Determination of mental status of the rifle shooters during the shooting performance is critical for the development of mental training programs according to their skill levels. The purpose ...of this study was to investigate the psychophysiological differences of expert and novice rifle shooters. Material: Fourteen expert (age: 28.08±9.12 years, height: 176.12±4.24 cm, weight: 73.56±5.28 kg) and twenty novice shooters (age: 21.08±3.12 years, height: 177.42±3.74 cm, and weight: 71.56±3.57 kg) participated in the current study. The participants performed five shootings from a distance of 10m. The averages of each shooter’s five shooting scores, values of attention and meditation, and heart rate between 5-sec before shooting and shooting moment were obtained. Results: It was determined that shooting scores (10.02 ±0.49 vs. 7.6±2.86, p<0.01, respectively) and meditation level (71.50±21.05 vs. 52.93±20.54, p<0.05, respectively) were significantly higher in the experts while attention level (73.63±21.11 vs. 59.76±21.26, p<0.05, respectively), and heart rate (105.34±12.12 vs. 98.67±7,12 bpm, p<0.05, respectively) were found higher in the novices. Conclusions: The novices and experts present different psychophysiological responses during the aiming period. It is suggested that the psychophysiological differences can be useful to categorize shooters and to provide feedback in training because it is important to develop programs according to group levels, especially in the development of mental training programs. Besides, it is determined that the mobile EEG device is an effective method for determining the mental status of athletes in sports specific activities.
Lack of requisite genetic variation in Turkish okra has necessitated the use of different types of markers for estimating the genetic diversity and identifying the source of variation. Transposable ...elements, present abundantly in plant genomes, generate genomic diversity through their replication and are thus an excellent source of molecular markers. We hypothesized that inter-primer binding site (iPBS)-retrotransposons could be the source of variation because of their genome plasticity nature. In the present study, genetic diversity of 66 okra landraces was analyzed using iPBS-retrotransposon markers. iPBS-retrotransposons detected 88 bands with 40.2% polymorphism and an average of 6.8 bands per primer. Gene diversity and Shannon's information index ranged from 0.01 to 0.13 and 0.02 to 0.21 for iPBS-retrotransposons and from 0.06 to 0.46 and 0.14 to 0.65 for simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, respectively. Polymorphism information content value for retrotransposons varied between 0.12 and 0.99, while that for SSR was from 0.52 to 0.81. Neighbor joining analysis based on retrotransposons and SSRs divided all the accessions into four clusters; however, SSR markers were more efficient in clustering the landraces based on their origin. Using the STRUCTURE software for determining population structure, and two populations (at the number of hypothetical subpopulations, K = 2) were identified among the landraces. Low genetic diversity in Turkish okra highlights the need for the introduction of plants from countries with greater genetic diversity for these crops. This study also demonstrates the utility and role of iPBS-retrotransposons, a dominant and ubiquitous part of eukaryotic genomes, for diversity studies in okra.
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