HMGB1 in inflammation and cancer Wang, Shumin; Zhang, Yi
Journal of hematology and oncology,
08/2020, Letnik:
13, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone chromatin-associated protein widely distributed in eukaryotic cells and is involved in DNA damage repair and genomic stability maintenance. In ...response to stimulus like bacteria or chemoradiotherapy, HMGB1 can translocate to extracellular context as a danger alarmin, activate the immune response, and participate in the regulation of inflammation and cancer progression.
The study’s objective is to examine the impact of teacher ability on student academic performance, identification (self-valued goals; personal importance), and self-regulation skills. Additionally, ...the study examines the mediating effect of identification (self-valued goals; personal importance) and self-regulation skills between teacher ability and student academic performance. The data was collected by the teachers at different colleges and universities in China and 341 samples were used to analyze the data through a convenient sampling technique. Moreover, partial least square structural equation modeling is used in data analysis with Smart PLS software. This research indicates that teacher ability has a positive and significant effect on student academic performance, identification (self-valued goals; personal importance), and self-regulation skills. Further, the study also discovers that identification (self-valued goals; personal importance) and self-regulation skills significantly mediate between teacher ability and student academic performance. The study is helpful for the teachers to adopt the better strategies and abilities in themselves when they are engaged with the student in teaching activities.
Inverted generational distance (IGD) has been widely considered as a reliable performance indicator to concurrently quantify the convergence and diversity of multiobjective and many-objective ...evolutionary algorithms. In this paper, an IGD indicator-based evolutionary algorithm for solving many-objective optimization problems (MaOPs) has been proposed. Specifically, the IGD indicator is employed in each generation to select the solutions with favorable convergence and diversity. In addition, a computationally efficient dominance comparison method is designed to assign the rank values of solutions along with three newly proposed proximity distance assignments. Based on these two designs, the solutions are selected from a global view by linear assignment mechanism to concern the convergence and diversity simultaneously. In order to facilitate the accuracy of the sampled reference points for the calculation of IGD indicator, we also propose an efficient decomposition-based nadir point estimation method for constructing the Utopian Pareto front (PF) which is regarded as the best approximate PF for real-world MaOPs at the early stage of the evolution. To evaluate the performance, a series of experiments is performed on the proposed algorithm against a group of selected state-of-the-art many-objective optimization algorithms over optimization problems with 8-, 15-, and 20-objective. Experimental results measured by the chosen performance metrics indicate that the proposed algorithm is very competitive in addressing MaOPs.
The current Na+ storage performance of carbon‐based materials is still hindered by the sluggish Na+ ion transfer kinetics and low capacity. Graphene and its derivatives have been widely investigated ...as electrode materials in energy storage and conversion systems. However, as anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), the severe π–π restacking of graphene sheets usually results in compact structure with a small interlayer distance and a long ion transfer distance, thus leading to low capacity and poor rate capability. Herein, partially reduced holey graphene oxide is prepared by simple H2O2 treatment and subsequent low temperature reduction of graphene oxide, leading to large interlayer distance (0.434 nm), fast ion transport, and larger Na+ storage space. The partially remaining oxygenous groups can also contribute to the capacity by redox reaction. As anode material for SIBs, the optimized electrode delivers high reversible capacity, high rate capability (365 and 131 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 10 A g−1, respectively), and good cycling performance (163 mAh g−1 after 3000 cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1), which is among the best reported performances for carbon‐based SIB anodes.
Partially reduced holey graphene oxide is prepared by low temperature reduction of holey graphene oxide. The large interlayer distance, short ion transfer distance, increased ion insertion/extraction sites, and residual oxygenous groups endow partially reduced holey graphene oxide with high sodium ion storage capability. This approach provides a facile and scalable strategy to produce high‐performance anode materials for sodium ion batteries.
Since December 2019, novel coronavirus infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. In severe novel coronavirus pneumonia cases, the number of platelets, their ...dynamic changes during the treatment, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were a concern. We sought to describe the platelet feature of these cases. Single‐center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID)‐19 in Huizhou municipal central hospital from January 2020 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, blood routine results, other laboratory results, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of severe patients and nonsevere patients were compared. Univariate analysis showed that: age, platelet peaks, and PLR at peak platelet were the influencing factors in severe patients, multivariate analysis showed that the PLR value at peak platelet during treatment was an independent influencing factor in severe patients. The average hospitalization day of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was longer than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The average age of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was older than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The patients with significantly elevated platelets during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. And the higher PLR of patients during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. Single‐center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID‐19 in Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, presumed that the number of platelets and their dynamic changes during the treatment may have a suggestion on the severity and prognosis of the disease. The patient with markedly elevated platelets and longer average hospitalization days may be related to the cytokine storm. The PLR of patients means the degree of cytokine storm, which might provide a new indicator in the monitoring in patients with COVID‐19.
A lot of works have shown that frobenius-norm-based representation (FNR) is competitive to sparse representation and nuclear-norm-based representation (NNR) in numerous tasks such as subspace ...clustering. Despite the success of FNR in experimental studies, less theoretical analysis is provided to understand its working mechanism. In this brief, we fill this gap by building the theoretical connections between FNR and NNR. More specially, we prove that: 1) when the dictionary can provide enough representative capacity, FNR is exactly NNR even though the data set contains the Gaussian noise, Laplacian noise, or sample-specified corruption and 2) otherwise, FNR and NNR are two solutions on the column space of the dictionary.
Ten-eleven translocation 1-3 (Tet1-3) proteins have recently been discovered in mammalian cells to be members of a family of DNA hydroxylases that possess enzymatic activity toward the methyl mark on ...the 5-position of cytosine (5-methylcytosine 5mC), a well-characterized epigenetic modification that has essential roles in regulating gene expression and maintaining cellular identity. Tet proteins can convert 5mC into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) through three consecutive oxidation reactions. These modified bases may represent new epigenetic states in genomic DNA or intermediates in the process of DNA demethylation. Emerging biochemical, genetic, and functional evidence suggests that Tet proteins are crucial for diverse biological processes, including zygotic epigenetic reprogramming, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, hematopoiesis, and development of leukemia. Insights into how Tet proteins contribute to dynamic changes in DNA methylation and gene expression will greatly enhance our understanding of epigenetic regulation of normal development and human diseases.
Deep reinforcement learning: a survey Wang, Hao-nan; Liu, Ning; Zhang, Yi-yun ...
Frontiers of information technology & electronic engineering,
12/2020, Letnik:
21, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has become one of the most popular topics in artificial intelligence research. It has been widely used in various fields, such as end-to-end control, robotic control, ...recommendation systems, and natural language dialogue systems. In this survey, we systematically categorize the deep RL algorithms and applications, and provide a detailed review over existing deep RL algorithms by dividing them into modelbased methods, model-free methods, and advanced RL methods. We thoroughly analyze the advances including exploration, inverse RL, and transfer RL. Finally, we outline the current representative applications, and analyze four open problems for future research.
The ability to reprogram somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the field of regenerative medicine. However, recent studies on the genetic and epigenetic ...variations in iPSCs have raised concerns that these variations may compromise the utility of iPSCs. In this Perspective, we review the current understanding of genetic and epigenetic variations in iPSCs, trace their causes, discuss the implications of these variations for iPSC applications, and propose approaches to cope with these variations.
This Perspective reviews the current understanding of genetic and epigenetic variations in iPSCs, traces their causes, discusses their implications for iPSC applications, and proposes approaches to cope with these variations.
Hydrogels have recently garnered tremendous interest due to their potential application in soft electronics, human-machine interfaces, sensors, actuators, and flexible energy storage. Benefiting from ...their impressive combination of hydrophilicity, metallic conductivity, high aspect ratio morphology, and widely tuneable properties, when two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) are incorporated into hydrogel systems, they offer exciting and versatile platforms for the design of MXene-based soft materials with tunable application-specific properties. The intriguing and, in some cases, unique properties of MXene hydrogels are governed by complex gel structures and gelation mechanisms, which require in-depth investigation and engineering at the nanoscale. On the other hand, the formulation of MXenes into hydrogels can significantly increase the stability of MXenes, which is often the limiting factor for many MXene-based applications. Moreover, through simple treatments, derivatives of MXene hydrogels, such as aerogels, can be obtained, further expanding their versatility. This tutorial review intends to show the enormous potential of MXene hydrogels in expanding the application range of both hydrogels and MXenes, as well as increasing the performance of MXene-based devices. We elucidate the existing structures of various MXene-containing hydrogel systems along with their gelation mechanisms and the interconnecting driving forces. We then discuss their distinctive properties stemming from the integration of MXenes into hydrogels, which have revealed an enhanced performance, compared to either MXenes or hydrogels alone, in many applications (energy storage/harvesting, biomedicine, catalysis, electromagnetic interference shielding, and sensing).
When two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) meet hydrogels, they offer versatile platforms for designing novel soft materials with exciting properties.
PDF
