Aim
To evaluate the bond strength and adhesive interface between several resin cements and root dentine immediately and 6 months after radiotherapy.
Methodology
Sixty maxillary canines were selected ...and randomly assigned to two groups (n = 30): one group was not irradiated and the other one was subjected to a cumulative radiation dose of 60 Gy. The teeth were sectioned to obtain roots 16 mm long and the canals were prepared with the Reciproc system (R50) and filled using a lateral condensation technique with an epoxy resin sealer. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 10) according to the resin cement used for fibreglass fibre post cementation: RelyX‐U200, Panavia‐F2.0 and RelyX ARC. The posts were cemented in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Three 1‐mm‐thick dentine slices were then obtained from each root third. The first two slices in the crown‐apex direction of each third were selected for the push‐out test. The failure mode after debonding was determined with a stereo microscope. The third slice from each root third was selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses to examine the resin cement–dentine interface with 100, 1000, 2000 and 4000× magnification. Bond strength data were analysed by anova and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
Results
Significantly lower bond strength (P < 0.0001) was obtained after irradiation compared to nonirradiated teeth. RelyX‐U200 cemented fibre posts had the higher bond strength (15.17 ± 5.89) compared with RelyX ARC (P < 0.001) and Panavia‐F2.0 (P < 0.001). The evaluation after 6 months revealed lower bond strength values compared to the immediate values (P < 0.001) for irradiated and nonirradiated teeth. Cohesive failures occurred in the irradiated dentine. SEM revealed fractures, microfractures and fewer collagen fibres in irradiated root dentine. RelyX‐U200 and Panavia‐F2.0 were associated with a juxtaposed interface of the cement with the radicular dentine in irradiated and nonirradiated teeth, and for RelyX ARC, hybrid layer formation and tags were observed in both irradiated and nonirradiated teeth.
Conclusion
Radiation was associated with a decrease in the push‐out bond strength and with lower resin cement/root dentine interface adaptation. Self‐adhesive resin cement was a better alternative for fibre post cementation in teeth subjected to radiation therapy. The bond strength decreased after 6 months.
A methodology for chemical routes development and evaluation on the basis of data-mining is presented. A section of the Reaxys database was converted into a network, which was used to plan ...hypothetical synthesis routes to convert a bio-waste feedstock, limonene, to a bulk intermediate, benzoic acid. The route evaluation considered process conditions and used multiple indicators, including exergy, E-factor, solvent score, reaction reliability and route redox efficiency, in a multi-criteria environmental sustainability evaluation. The proposed methodology is the first route evaluation based on data mining, explicitly using reaction conditions, and is amenable to full automation.
Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome with symptoms and/or signs caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality and corroborated by elevated natriuretic peptide levels ...and/or objective evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion. Among HF types, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the commonest form. However, the diagnosis and management of HFpEF are challenging. In addition, the perception of healthcare professionals (HCPs) towards the diagnosis and management of HFpEF patients differs due to the existing gap between the guidelines and daily clinical practice. Therefore, an online survey was conducted to understand the HCPs' knowledge and practice gaps in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with HFpEF. Methods A total of 160 respondents, i.e., cardiologists, internists, and cardiology residents from different community-based practices and hospitals across Indonesia participated in an online continuing medical education (CME) survey. A questionnaire was formulated to assess awareness, current practice patterns, challenges, and confidence of the HCPs related to the HFpEF. Results HCPs stated that diagnosis of HF is the prime responsibility of cardiologists and general physicians but not of general internists. According to the HCPs, reduction in mortality, reduction in hospitalization, and improved quality of life are the most important goals of HF treatment. The perceived prevalence of HFpEF is estimated to be 30-60% and mortality rates of HFpEF and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are similar. Further, mixed types of responses with different combinations of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, were obtained when HCPs were asked about the challenges faced in HFpEF. Among the therapies, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA), beta-blockers, and diuretics are frequently used for the treatment of HF. Conclusion The perception of the HCPs toward the diagnosis and management of HFpEF may affect optimal care. Based on our findings, the cardiologists are well aware of the current situation of HF in Indonesia and treat patients with HFpEF effectively.
Indonesia is one of many developing countries that relies on motorcycles as a major mode of transportation. Unfortunately, the widespread use of motorcycles in Indonesia coincides with a high number ...of motorcycle accidents which can often be attributed to unsafe behaviors of the motorcyclist. One unsafe behavior that is common and hypothetically associated with accidents is the use of a mobile phone while motorcycling. The aim of the present study was to observe the prevalence and behavior of mobile phone use among Indonesian motorcyclists and the factors that might have influenced their behavior.
Five hundred Indonesian motorcyclists voluntarily participated in this study by filling out a questionnaire that gathered demographic data, motorcycling behaviors, and a statement related to what factors might influence their likelihood to use a mobile phone while motorcycling. A descriptive statistic and Structural Equation Modeling were applied in analyzing the data.
Results showed that the prevalence of mobile phone use among Indonesian motorcyclists was 75%. The demographic data that significantly influenced mobile phone use during motorcycling were age, education level, marital status, and number of children. Occupation, gender, and prior experiences that included accidents and tickets with fines did not influence the use of mobile phones during motorcycling. The behavioral model showed that the factors that influenced motorcyclist's intentions to avoid mobile phone use during motorcycling were attitude, perceived behavioral control, and cues to action.
This study supports previous findings regarding the high prevalence of mobile phone use among motorcyclists in developing countries. The models implied that further investigation on intervention strategy to minimize mobile phone use during motorcycling is a necessity.
A methodology for chemical routes development and evaluation on the basis of data-mining is presented. A section of the Reaxys database was converted into a network, which was used to plan ...hypothetical synthesis routes to convert a bio-waste feedstock, limonene, to a bulk intermediate, benzoic acid. The route evaluation considered process conditions and used multiple indicators, including exergy,
E
-factor, solvent score, reaction reliability and route redox efficiency, in a multi-criteria environmental sustainability evaluation. The proposed methodology is the first route evaluation based on data mining, explicitly using reaction conditions, and is amenable to full automation.
A methodology for chemical routes development and evaluation on the basis of data-mining is presented.
As states across the country battle internally over same-sex marriage in the courts, in legislatures, and at the ballot box, activists and scholars grapple with its implications for the status of ...gays and lesbians and for the institution of marriage itself. Yet, the struggle over same-sex marriage is only the most recent political and public debate over marriage in the United States. What is at stake for those who want to restrict marriage and for those who seek to extend it? Why has the issue become such a national debate? These questions can be answered only by viewing marriage as a political institution as well as a religious and cultural one. In its political dimension, marriage circumscribes both the meaning and the concrete terms of citizenship. Marriage represents communal duty, moral education, and social and civic status. Yet, at the same time, it represents individual choice, contract, liberty, and independence from the state. According to Priscilla Yamin, these opposing but interrelated sets of characteristics generate a tension between a politics of obligations on the one hand and a politics of rights on the other. To analyze this interplay,American Marriageexamines the status of ex-slaves at the close of the Civil War, immigrants at the turn of the twentieth century, civil rights and women's rights in the 1960s, and welfare recipients and gays and lesbians in the contemporary period. Yamin argues that at moments when extant political and social hierarchies become unstable, political actors turn to marriage either to stave off or to promote political and social changes. Some marriages are pushed as obligatory and necessary for the good of society, while others are contested or presented as dangerous and harmful. Thus political struggles over race, gender, economic inequality, and sexuality have been articulated at key moments through the language of marital obligations and rights. Seen this way, marriage is not outside the political realm but interlocked with it in mutual evolution.
Cosmic-ray tests of the DØ preshower detector Baringer, P; Bross, A; Buescher, V ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
08/2001, Letnik:
469, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The DØ preshower detector consists of scintillator strips with embedded wavelength-shifting fibers, and a readout using Visible Light Photon Counters. The response to minimum ionizing particles has ...been tested with cosmic-ray muons. We report results on the gain calibration and light-yield distributions. The spatial resolution is investigated taking into account the light sharing between strips, the effects of multiple scattering and various systematic uncertainties. The detection efficiency and noise contamination are also investigated.
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