Constructing effective electrocatalysts based on ultrafine heterostructures is a promising strategy for boosting catalytic performance by exposing active sites and increasing specific surface area. ...However, the fabrication of catalytically active heterostructures with elaborate architectures is still poorly developed owing to synthetic challenges, and the intrinsic mechanism of heterogeneous interfaces remains unclear because of insufficient evidence regarding real active sites. In this study, ultrafine homologous Ni2P–Co2P heterostructures (Ni2P–Co2P/C) are created using a topological transformation strategy from a Ni–Co layered double hydroxide/carbon (Ni–Co LDH/C) interconnected structure in a single nanosheet. When employed as catalysts in urea oxidation reaction (UOR), the Ni2P–Co2P/C heterostructures exhibit superior activity and stability, attributed to the optimized geometric and electronic structures of the catalytic sites. Specifically, it takes an ultralow potential of 1.27 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a small Tafel slope of 28.71 mV dec−1. The operando analyses and calculation results reveal that cobalt incorporation can reduce the generation potential of the surface reconstructive active species and optimize the absorption/desorption energy of the intermediates. Overall, this study proposes an efficient and cost‐effective UOR electrocatalyst and offers a new high‐performance homologous heterostructure design for widespread application.
Quantitative and precise measurement of plant growth is the foundation for the understanding of mechanisms that regulate the growth of plant. Plant growth is a highly dynamic process that could ...start/stop within seconds, but existing methods provide little information on the dynamic growth due to insufficient resolution. Here, we report on a simple manufacturing process and materials for wearable strain sensor, and a highly sensitive, automatic and real-time approach to assess the growth of plant in the range from nanometer level to centimeter level. By taking the synergistic reinforcement between graphite and carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes, a flexible, stretchable and wearable carbon nanotube/graphite sensor was obtained by simply depositing a graphite ink, a CNT ink and solidifying under ambient environment. An all-in-one device composed of the sensor and a home-made readout circuit was used to make the real-time measurement of plant growth. The monitoring of Solanum melongena L. and Cucurbita pepo captured the evidence of a rhythmic growth pattern for the fruits: the fruits grow rapidly for seconds and then rest for seconds. This approach simplified the procedure, reduced the cost, enhanced the speed, and provided nanoscale sensitivity for plant, presenting promising potentials in plant growth measurement.
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Objective Given the high incidence of sarcopenia among Asians, it is imperative to identify appropriate intervention methods. The International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sarcopenia, developed ...by the International Conference on Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ICFSR) task force, recommends resistance training (RT) as a primary treatment for managing sarcopenia. Inflammatory biomarkers serve as indicators of sarcopenia. However, there is currently insufficient conclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of RT in modulating inflammatory biomarker levels among Asian participants with sarcopenia. Data sources Four databases were utilized for this study until October 9, 2023. This study focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of RT on interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) about sarcopenia. This study has been registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42024501855). Results The meta-analysis included six studies from Asians involving 278 participants. The results showed a significant decrease in RT for IL-6 (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.02 to -0.44; n=5). However, no significant differences were found for TNF-α (WMD = -1.00, 95% CI = -2.47 to 0.46; n=5), CRP (WMD = -0.45, 95% CI = -1.14 to 0.23; n=3), and IL-10 (WMD = 0.13, 95% CI = -3.99 to 4.25; n=2). Subgroup analysis revealed that factors including gender selection, intervention methods, frequency, period, and duration could have a particular effect on the part of inflammatory biomarkers. Conclusion RT has been shown to reduce part of the level of inflammatory markers, specifically IL-6, in Asian sarcopenia participants. However, other inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, CRP, and IL-10, did not show significant changes. Further research should confirm the impact of RT on these indicators and explore the potential effects of various factors on different inflammatory markers, such as diet, body composition, and medications. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=501855 , identifier CRD42024501855.
Recommender System (RS) has generated widespread attention with the aim of expanding different items. Among graph-based recommendation methods, the tripartite graph can better manage data sparsity ...and cold start, while improving the metrics of various recommendations such as recall, precision, and diversity. Existing tripartite graph-based methods encounter numerous challenges, including mitigating data sparsity, improving diversity, and capturing potential user preferences via social relations. To address these challenges, a Conditional Random Field based on Tripartite Graph (CRF-TG) is proposed. The tripartite graph consists of the user, item, and trust level. The method can mine potentially similar users, create probabilistic models based on TG, and uncover potential user preferences. Moreover, to mine the users with similar preferences outside the social relationship, the random walk method is used to test CRF-TG. Experiments are designed to verify the validity of CRF-TG. Compared to the others considered methods, CRF-TG gives a 15% increase on average in performance indicators such as diversity, recall, and F1.
Maritime traffic network is essential for navigation efficiency and safety of the maritime transport system. This study proposes a framework for extracting maritime traffic network based on Automatic ...Identification System (AIS) data. The framework consists of maritime traffic pattern recognition, semantic routes extraction, route decomposition, and network generation. Firstly, a data-driven method is introduced to recognize ship behavior patterns and extends the single ship behaviors to regional characteristics to determine the departure-arrival areas. Then, based on the different combination of departure-arrival areas, the ship trajectories are classified to traffic groups. Subsequently, the grid-system is used to rasterize each traffic group, which realizes the fusion of trajectory data and geographic location information. Finally, to obtain the main routes and navigation channels, the extraction method is introduced by establishing the cumulative grid importance function. The main routes, together with the navigation channels, compose the maritime traffic network. The method is applied to AIS data in the Beibu Gulf, and the results show that the traffic network contains 12 stop areas, 4 entry/exit locations, 13 main routes as well as their corresponding navigation channels. It is therefore concluded that the proposed method helps (1) provide a theoretical framework to obtain and analyze the maritime traffic network and (2) enrich navigation channel identification methods for maritime transport management.
•A tangible analytical approach to extract maritime traffic network.•The approach consists of maritime traffic pattern recognition and, maritime network generation.•Machine learning method and grid system method are proposed to group traffic patterns.•The proposed approach is demonstrated using real-world AIS data.•The proposed approach has the potential to support intelligent maritime transport management.
Ruthenium addition inhibits the formation of the topologically close-packed phases in Ni-based superalloys and improves the solid solution strength of Ni-Ti shape memory alloys. Therefore, the ...Ni-Ti-Ru phase stability is a very valuable indicator of the effects of Ru in Ni-based superalloys and Ni-Ti shape memory alloys. In this study, the isothermal section at 1150 °C and liquidus surface projection of the Ni-Ti-Ru ternary system were determined experimentally using the equilibrated alloy method and diffusion couple method, respectively. Alloys were prepared through the arc-melting of Ni, Ti, and Ru (all 99.99% purity), and then vacuum encapsulation in quartz tubes, followed by annealing at 1150 °C for 36 to 1080 h depending on the alloy composition. Diffusion couples were fabricated by joining one single-phase block (τ1) with one two-phase block (Ni
Ti + γ(Ni)), and the couples were annealed under vacuum at 1150 °C for 168 h. Reaction temperatures of as-cast alloys were determined by differential scanning calorimetry performed with heating and cooling rates of 10 °C/min. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the microstructure. Seven three-phase regions were found at the 1150 °C isothermal section. Seven primary solidification regions and five ternary invariant reactions were deduced in the liquidus surface projection. A new ternary compound τ1 was discovered in both the isothermal section at 1150 °C and liquidus surface projection. The results aid in thermodynamic modeling of the system and provide guidance for designing Ni-based superalloys and Ni-Ti shape memory alloys.
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) has emerged as a promising approach to synthesizing green ammonia under ambient conditions. Tungsten (W) is one of the most effective ENRR ...catalysts. In this reaction, the protonation of intermediates is the rate‐determining step (RDS). Enhancing the adsorption of intermediates is crucial to increase the protonation of intermediates, which can lead to improved catalytic performance. Herein, we constructed a strong interfacial electric field in WS2‐WO3 to elevate the d‐band center of W, thereby strengthening the adsorption of intermediates. Experimental results demonstrated that this approach led to a significantly improved ENRR performance. Specifically, WS2‐WO3 exhibited a high NH3 yield of 62.38 μg h−1 mgcat−1 and a promoted faraday efficiency (FE) of 24.24 %. Furthermore, in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations showed that the strong interfacial electric field in WS2‐WO3 upshifted the d‐band center of W towards the Fermi level, leading to enhanced adsorption of −NH2 and −NH intermediates on the catalyst surface. This resulted in a significantly promoted reaction rate of the RDS. Overall, our study offers new insights into the relationship between interfacial electric field and d‐band center and provides a promising strategy to enhance the intermediates adsorption during the ENRR process.
The strong interfacial electric field in WS2‐WO3 can enhance the adsorption of intermediates by elevating the d‐band center of W, resulting in an accelerated electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) kinetics.
Titanium and its alloys are among the widely used materials in the biomedical field, but they have poor wear resistance and antibacterial properties. In the present study, anodization, ...photo-reduction, and spin-coating technologies were integrated to prepare a hybrid modified coating for bio-inert titanium implants, having excellent comprehensive performance. The surface roughness of Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr was specifically optimized by surface modification leading to improved wear resistance. Ag ions are still detectable after 28 days of submersion in saline. The antibacterial rate of the composite coating group reaches 100% by plate counting due to the antibacterial mechanism of direct and indirect contact. Both bacteria morphology and fluorescence staining experiments confirm these results. Besides, no cytotoxicity was detected in our fabricated implants during the CCK-8 assay. Accordingly, fabrication of hybrid modified coatings on Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr is an effective strategy for infection and cytotoxicity prevention. These hybrid modified coatings can be regarded as promising multifunctional biomaterials.
Titanium and its alloys are among the widely used materials in the biomedical field, but they have poor wear resistance and antibacterial properties
Erlotinib is a first-generation, tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-TKI) used for the treatment patients with NSCLC. Erlotinib is considered as a safe and ...effective treatment option, with generally good tolerance. Diarrhea and rash are the most common side effects, and more rare side effects appear in long-term real-world applications. Severe erlotinib related megaloblastic anemia is rare and remains unreported. This is the first case report of severe megaloblastic anemia in a patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma with an EGFR L858R mutation treated with erlotinib. In this report, the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of erlotinib related severe megaloblastic anemia are described, and the possible pathogenesis and related treatment options are discussed.
Herein, we present a 57- year-old non-smoking female diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR L858R mutation, who had received erlotinib as the first-line therapy. After 44 weeks of treatment, the patient developed severe anemia. Anemia was manifested as megaloblastic anemia with elevated mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. The total vitamin B12 level was below the detection limit of 50.00 pg /mL. Bone marrow smear suggested megaloblastic anemia. Her hematologic parameters were markedly recovered following the withdrawal of erlotinib and vitamin B12 supplement. As a result, the patient was diagnosed with erlotinib-associated megaloblastic anemia.
This is the first case of severe megaloblastic anemia reported with erlotinib. Few of these hematologic adverse effects have been observed in studies on erlotinib, this case report highlights this possibility for long-term erlotinib administration. Close clinical and blood monitoring is recommended for patients receiving long-term TKI therapy.
Depression increases the risk of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. Physical activity has been shown to improve depressive symptoms in this population, but the ...relationship of sedentary behavior with depression has not been studied. In this study, we examined the relationship between sedentary behavior and depression in patients with chronic kidney disease.
This cross-sectional study included 5,205 participants aged ≥ 18 years with chronic kidney disease participating in the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Recreation activity, work activity, walking or cycling for transportation, and sedentary behavior were measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. A series of weighted logistic regression models were used to investigate the aforementioned relationship.
The prevalence of depression among US adults with chronic kidney disease was 10.97% in our study. In addition, sedentary behavior was strongly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, as measured by the PHQ-9 (P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, we found that compared with participants who had shorter durations of sedentary behavior, participants who had the highest durations of sedentary behavior had 1.69 times (odd ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval: 1.27, 2.24) greater risk of being clinically depressed. After adjusting for confounding factors, subgroup analyses showed that the association between sedentary behavior and depression still existed in all stratifications.
We found an association between longer duration of sedentary behavior and more severe depression in US adults with chronic kidney disease; however, prospective studies with larger sample sizes are still needed to confirm the effects of sedentary behavior on depression in the chronic kidney disease population.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
