Improved durability, enhanced interfacial stability, and room temperature applicability are desirable properties for all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs), yet these desired properties ...are rarely achieved simultaneously. Here, in this work, it is noticed that the huge resistance at Li metal/electrolyte interface dominantly impeded the normal cycling of ASSLMBs especially at around room temperature (<30 °C). Accordingly, a supramolecular polymer ion conductor (SPC) with “weak solvation” of Li+ was prepared. Benefiting from the halogen‐bonding interaction between the electron‐deficient iodine atom (on 1,4‐diiodotetrafluorobenzene) and electron‐rich oxygen atoms (on ethylene oxide), the O‐Li+ coordination was significantly weakened. Therefore, the SPC achieves rapid Li+ transport with high Li+ transference number, and importantly, derives a unique Li2O‐rich SEI with low interfacial resistance on lithium metal surface, therefore enabling stable cycling of ASSLMBs even down to 10 °C. This work is a new exploration of halogen‐bonding chemistry in solid polymer electrolyte and highlights the importance of “weak solvation” of Li+ in the solid‐state electrolyte for room temperature ASSLMBs.
PEO‐based electrolytes suffer from huge interfacial resistance, poor Li+ transport, and Li dendrite formation in all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) operating at around room‐temperature. This work proposes the regulation of the Li+ solvation environment through halogen‐bonding interaction and highlights the importance of “weak solvation” of Li+ in solid electrolytes for room temperature ASSLMBs.
•The extended theory of planned behavior has been employed in this study.•We focused on the interaction of perceived behavioral control and subjective norm.•Social norm plays an important role in ...motivating energy saving behavior.•Two interaction terms are negatively associated with energy saving intention.•This study enriches research on individual’s energy saving behavior.
Previous researches have explored the critical determinants that influence individual’s energy-saving intention. However, these researches rarely focus on individual’s energy-saving intention in developing countries and limited research has been conducted to explore the combined effects of normative factors and perceived behavioral control. In this study, an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) model is employed to narrow this gap. The model is empirically tested using questionnaire survey data collected from 450 respondents in eastern China. The findings reveal that perceived behavioral control is the most decisive factor for individual’s energy-saving intention. Meanwhile, attitude towards energy-saving and personal moral norm are also important factors. Two interaction terms (i.e., perceived behavioral control and subjective injunctive norm, and perceived behavioral control and subjective descriptive norm) are negatively associated with energy-saving intention, which implies that social norm plays an important role in motivating energy-saving behavior in the Chinese context. Furthermore, social norm increases the energy-saving intention of individuals who exhibit low perceived behavioral control. Based on the results, implications for improving individual’s energy-saving intention, limitations of the study and suggestions for further research are discussed.
This study proposes the use of two types of coal fly-ash (CFA) (high- and low-calcium, HCFA and LCFA respectively) as additives in silico-aluminophosphate (SAP) geopolymers for early performance ...improvement. The chemistry of CFA in phosphate environment was clarified using CFA/orthophosphoric acid suspensions through XRD, SEM and NMR analyses. The results revealed that HCFA could seed the active calcium sources which induced the acid-base or/and hydrolysis reaction between the alkaline calcium species within HCFAs and the acidic phosphate species in the activator. The produced calcium phosphate compounds, e.g., brushite and monetite, hurried up the setting (initial and final setting were 18 and 26 min, respectively) and early strength development (1-d and 3-d strengths increased to 15 and 29 MPa, respectively) of the HCFA-SAP geopolymer relative to CFA-free SAP geopolymer. However, the incorporation of LCFA was found to improve the workability but weakened the setting and strength properties of the LCFA-SAP geopolymers.
Cobalt (oxy)-hydroxide (CoOOH) has recently been identified as a realistic active species under operando conditions for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which plays a pivotal ...role in multiple energy conversion technologies. Therefore, searching for a high-yield method to fabricate advanced nanostructures and understanding their reactivity are challenging but urgent tasks. Here, rather than conventional liquid exfoliation, we report an electrochemical route for potentially large-scale production of ultrathin CoOOH nanosheets, which deliver exceptionally high OER activity. This “nearly-all-surface” material provides an excellent platform to study the surface chemistry for electrocatalytic activity. Combining operando X-ray spectroscopy and theoretical calculations demonstrated a potential-dependent deprotonation reaction, i.e. , Co 3+ OOH is transformed into an active Co 3+/4+ OOH 1−x phase for water oxidation under the applied potential. Comprehensive analysis suggested that reducing the deprotonation energy is the key to enhance the OER activity, and oxidized oxygen ions might act as electrophilic centers for the OER.
This paper investigates the effect of using different admixtures on the one-part ambient-cured alkali activated pastes. Na2SiO3-Anhydrous powder was used as solid activator along with three ...superplasticizers including naphthalene, melamine and polycarboxylate with different water/precursor ratios. The flowability, setting time and compressive strength development were evaluated for all AAMs mixes. ATR-FTIR test was used to check the admixtures stability in high alkali media.
All types of admixtures significantly improved the flowability of the Na2SiO3-anhydrous one-part AAMs and marginally affected the compressive strength. The results showed that polycarboxylate was effective for high water/precursor (≥0.36) while naphthalene performed better in case of low water/precursor (≤0.36) for Na2SiO3-anhydrous one-part AAMs. However, lowering the water/precursor ratio in the Na2SiO3-anhydrous one-part AAMs using superplasticizers showed no improvement or modest improvement in the compressive strength. The ATR-FTIR results revealed the relatively high stability of admixtures in Na2SiO3 alkali medium of one-part AAMs (for w/b = 0.4).
•The effectiveness of different admixtures in Na2SiO3-Anhydrous one-part AAMs was evaluated.•The most effective types for Na2SiO3 AAMs were naphthalene when w/b ≤ 0.36 and polycarboxylate when w/b ≥ 0.36.•Minimizing the water/precursor ratio using admixtures marginally affected the compressive strength of Na2SiO3 AAMs.
Interacting with proteins is a crucial way for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to exert their biological responses. Here we report a high throughput strategy to characterize lncRNA interacting proteins ...in vivo by combining tobramycin affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis (TOBAP-MS). Using this method, we identify 140 candidate binding proteins for lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC). Intriguingly, HULC directly binds to two glycolytic enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Mechanistic study suggests that HULC functions as an adaptor molecule that enhances the binding of LDHA and PKM2 to fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1), leading to elevated phosphorylation of these two enzymes and consequently promoting glycolysis. This study provides a convenient method to study lncRNA interactome in vivo and reveals a unique mechanism by which HULC promotes Warburg effect by orchestrating the enzymatic activities of glycolytic enzymes.
An innovative gateroad layout in highly gassy longwall top coal caving in a Chinese coal mine based on gob-side entry retaining (GER) was introduced. The numerical model was used to design the ...rational roadside backfill body (RBB) with high-water quick-setting materials. In order to improve the reliability of the numerical modeling, the double-yield model for gob modeling and the strain-softening model for RBB modeling are validated in detail. The results of the validated model indicate that when the RBB width is 1.5m, the RBB peak vertical stress is minimal and surrounding rock convergence variation of GER becomes gentle. Consequently, the rational RBB width can be estimated as 1.5m. Field test and field monitoring indicate that the GER in N2105 panel with a width of 1.5m roadside backfill body and high-strength cable-rockbolt support could meet the requirement for gas drainage and ventilation during panel N2105 was retreating. It also proved that the new gateroad layout met the requirement for the highly gassy thick seam operation, and provided a new way to the coal mine safety production in similar conditions.
•We proposed an innovative gateroad layout in highly gassy longwall top coal caving in a Chinese coal mine based on gob-side entry retaining.•We analyzed the rational roadside backfill body width based on the double-yield model for gob modeling and the strain-softening model for RBB modeling.•Field practice and observations show that the innovative gateroad layout based on gob-side entry retaining with the roadside backfill body width of 1.5m has achieved an expected effects for surrounding rock control.
Previous study has confirmed the critical determinants that influence green travel intention. However, these studies rarely discuss the interaction effects of norms and attitudes on green travel ...intention. In the current paper, this gap would be addressed by using an extended model of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which (1) differentiated social norms into subjective injunctive norm and subjective descriptive norm, (2) differentiated attitudes into experiential attitude and instrumental attitude, and (3) incorporated personal moral norm. The model is empirically investigated by online questionnaire survey data collected from 419 respondents in eastern China. The findings reveal that the interaction terms of experiential attitude and norms are positively associated with green travel intention, whereas the interaction terms of instrumental attitude and norms are negatively related to green travel intention, which implies that two aspects of attitude play a critical role in motivating green travel intention. Furthermore, subjective descriptive norm can increase individual's green travel intention when they hold low environmental responsibility. Based on the results, implications for improving individual's green travel intention, limitations of the research and suggestions for further study are discussed.
Inorganic binder-based stabilization/solidification (S/S) of Pb-contaminated soil is a commonly used remediation approach. This paper investigates the influences of soluble Pb species on the ...hydration process of two types of inorganic binders: ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC). The environmental leachability, compressive strength, and setting time of the cement products are assessed as the primary performance indicators. The mechanisms of Pb involved in the hydration process are analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), hydration heat evolution, and thermogravimetric analyses. Results show that the presence of Pb imposes adverse impact on the compressive strength (decreased by 30.4%) and the final setting time (prolonged by 334.7%) of OPC, but it exerts much less influence on those of MKPC. The reduced strength and delayed setting are attributed to the retarded hydration reaction rate of OPC during the induction period. These results suggest that the OPC-based S/S of soluble Pb mainly depends on physical encapsulation by calcium-silicate-hydrate (CSH) gels. In contrast, in case of MKPC-based S/S process, chemical stabilization with residual phosphate (pyromorphite and lead phosphate precipitation) and physical fixation of cementitious struvite-K are the major mechanisms. Therefore, MKPC is a more efficient and chemically stable inorganic binder for the Pb S/S process.
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•Pb mainly delays the induction period during OPC hydration.•Pb incorporation reduces strength of OPC-based S/S cubes by 30.4%.•MKPC is a more efficient inorganic binder for Pb S/S with low leachability.•MKPC-based S/S depends on phosphate precipitation and struvite-K encapsulation.
Chemically activated materials (often termed as geopolymer) have received attracting attentions in civil, material and environmental research fields as a toolkit alternative to traditional Portland ...cement in specific applications. This paper presents a comparative review on silico-aluminophosphate (SAP) geopolymers in terms of definition, chemistries involved during geopolymerization, mechanical performance, durability, environmental impacts, and their potentials in applications relative to conventional alkali-aluminosilicate (AAS) geopolymers. Recommendations for future applications are also highlighted. It is found that S-A-P gels with six-coordinated aluminum environment dominate in SAP geopolymers, while the aluminum in N-A-S-H gels formed in the AAS geopolymers is characterized by four-coordinated features. Besides, the slow performance development of SAP geopolymer matrix under ambient temperature curing can be compensated through incorporating additional countermeasures (e.g., metal sources) which allow the tailored design of such geopolymers for certain in-situ applications. Generally, the calcium-bearing C-(A)-S-H gels co-existing with N-A-S-H gels are dominant in AAS geopolymers, while the S-A-P gels enhanced by phosphate-containing crystalline/amorphous phases are the main products in SAP geopolymers. The SAP geopolymers show their environmental friendliness relative to the AAS geopolymers due to the utilization of phosphate activators that require lower production energy relative to silicate-containing activators. However, the higher cost of phosphate activators may confine the applications of SAP geopolymers in some exquisite or special fields.
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