Low-coordination S-LDH significantly reduces the activation energy of CO2 and rate-limiting step energy barriers. Engineered surface S atoms facilitate CO2 reduction by forming SOZn atomic ...interfaces, leading to local polarization and providing rapid charge transfer channels.
Display omitted
•Synthesis of stable catalysts using low temperature plasma technology.•The activation energy for CO2 are reduced by low-coordinated S-LDH.•S atoms generate local polarization and provide charge transfer channels.•The S-bridge reduces the energy barrier to the rate-limiting step of reaction.
The photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction is severely limited by sluggish charge kinetics. To address this issue, a strategy utilizing non-metal-doped layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been developed to control the electronic structure of spindle-shaped nanoflowers, resulting in efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The results demonstrate that the designed catalyst yields 263.16 μmol g−1 h−1 for the photoreduction of CO2 to CO. Furthermore, the in situ Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) analysis demonstrate that the specific S-ligand (S-bridge) facilitates CO2 activation, ensuring the continuous production of *COOH. The hydrothermal-assisted ionic liquid method proposed in this study offers guidance for modifying catalysts.
A tactile sensor is the centerpiece in human–machine interfaces, enabling robotics or prosthetics to manipulate objects dexterously. Specifically, it is crucial to endow the sensor with the ability ...to detect and distinguish normal and shear forces in real time, so that slip detection and more complex control could be achieved during the interaction with objects. Here, a self-powered multidirectional force sensor (SMFS) based on triboelectric nanogenerators with a three-dimensional structure is proposed for sensing and analysis of normal and shear forces in real time. Four polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) cylinders act as the force sensing structure of the SMFS. A flexible tip array made of carbon black/MXene/PDMS composites is used to generate triboelectric signals when the SMFS is driven by an external force. The SMFS can sense multidimensional force due to the adaptability of the PDMS cylinders and detect tiny force due to the sensitivity of the flexible tips. A small shear force as low as 50 mN could be recognized using the SMFS. The direction of the externally applied force could be recognized by analyzing the location and output voltage amplitude of the SMFS. Moreover, the tactile sensing applications, including reagent weighing and force direction perception, are also achieved by using the SMFS, which demonstrates the potential in promoting developments of self-powered wearable sensors, human–machine interactions, electronic skin, and soft robotic applications.
Answer selection which aims to select the most appropriate answers from a set of candidate answers plays a crucial role in various applications such as question answering (QA) and information ...retrieval. Recently, remarkable progress has been achieved on matching sequence pairs by deep neural networks. However, most of them focus on learning semantic representations for the contexts of QA pairs while the background information and facts beyond the context are neglected. In this paper, we propose an interactive knowledge-enhanced attention network for answer selection (
IKAAS
), which interactively learns the sentence representations of query–answer pairs by simultaneously considering the external knowledge from knowledge graphs and textual information of QA pairs. In this way, we can exploit the semantic compositionality of the input sequences and capture more comprehensive knowledge-enriched intra-document features within the question and answer. Specifically, we first propose a context-aware attentive mechanism to learn the knowledge representations guided by the corresponding context. The relations between the question and answer are then captured by computing the question–answer alignment matrix. We further employ self-attention to capture the global features of the input sequences, which are then used to calculate the relevance score of the question and answer. Experimental results on four real-life datasets demonstrate that
IKAAS
outperforms the compared methods. In addition, a series of analyses shows the robust superiority and the extensive applicability of the proposed method.
As one of the most common user interactive behaviors in many social media services, mention plays a significant role in both user interaction and information cascading. While an increasing line of ...work has focused on analyzing the mention mechanism for information diffusion, the essential problem of mentionee recommendation from the perspective of common users, i.e., how to find mentionees (mentioned users) who are most likely to be notified by a mentioner (mentioning user) for knowing a post, has been seldom investigated. This paper aims to develop personalized recommendation techniques to automatically generate mentionees when a user intends to mention others in a post. After analyzing real-world social media datasets we observe that users’ mention behaviors are influenced by not only the semantic but also the spatial context factors of their mentioning activities, which motivate the needs for spatial context-aware user mention behavior modeling. In light of these, we proposed a joint probabilistic model, named Spatial COntext-aware Mention behavior Model (SCOMM), to simulate the process of generating users’ location-tagged mentioning activities. By exploiting the semantic and spatial context factors in a unified way, SCOMM was able to reveal users’ preferences behind their mention behaviors and provide a knowledge model for accurate mentionee recommendations. Furthermore, we designed an Item-Attribute Pruning (IAP) algorithm to overcome the curse of dimensionality and facilitate online top-k query performance. Extensive experiments were conducted on two real-world datasets to evaluate the performance of our methods. The experimental results demonstrated the superiority of our approach by making more effective and efficient recommendations compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
So far, BiOF nanodisks exposed with {101} facets have not been reported. In this work, BiOF mainly exposed with {101} facets, instead of common {001} facets, are synthesized at different pH values ...via a simple hydrothermal method. It is interesting that BiOF thick rectangular plates and thin round nanodisks are formed through the growth preferential along 001 and 101 directions, respectively. On the base of layered crystallography structure, the preferential growth along 001 direction favors to form a thick multi-layered structure, whereas 101 direction for a thin fewer-layered structure. Moreover, more surface oxygen vacancies are contained in thin nanodisks, which reduces the band gap and improves charge transfer and separation. As a result, BiOF round nanodisks show an activity 7.9 times higher than rectangular plates for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under ultraviolet light irradiation (λ ≤ 400 nm).
Display omitted
•BiOF exposed with {101} facets is obtained for the first time.•Thick plates are formed through the preferential growth along 001 direction.•Thin nanodisks are formed via the preferential growth along 101 direction.•Compared with thick plates, thin nanodisks contain more oxygen vacancies.•Under UV light, nanodisks have an activity 7.9 times higher than thick plates.
This paper proposes a systematic method that precisely estimates the capacity factor (CF) of the variable-speed wind turbine (WT) by considering the coupled influence of the turbine operation ...constraints and the air density. To do so, the WT’s operation is defined by introducing the QN-curve (denoting the generator torque versus rotor speed), and the influence of different QN-curves on the power production is analysed while considering the influence of the air density. Then, a practical power-curve model considering the constraint of the QN-curve is derived for the WT. Following that, the formulation and the procedure of CF estimation are presented. Lastly, the presented CF estimation approach is applied into an industrial WT while considering the wind sites with four different altitudes. Finally, the application results show the capabilities of the proposed approach in evaluating the CF under the coupled influence of the QN-curve constraint and the air density. Meanwhile, comparing the proposed approach to four empirical approaches demonstrates that the CF estimation based on empirical models has considerable deviations to the results of the presented model under different site altitudes. Furthermore, among the four empirical models, the CF estimations from the quadratic and the linear models present the least deviations to those by the proposed model at the sites with low altitude and high altitude, respectively.
•A precise approach to estimate the CF of the variable-speed WT is proposed.•Coupled influence of the turbine operation and air density on the CF is included.•Proposed approach is applied to an industrial WT under different air density.•Considerable deviations are found between the empirical and proposed estimations.•CF is reduced following the decreasing air density.
Display omitted
•Develop a superhydrophobic coating with sesame cake-liked structure.•The coating is special for building walls to solve problem of mould caused by damp.•Good mechanical, chemical ...durability and weathering resistance is achieved.•The optimized coating obviously inhibits growth of Aspergillus and Simplicillium.
The mildew caused by damp on building walls is harmful to human health. It is very necessary to prevent building walls from mildew from the source to solve environmental health problems. Here, we provided a special superhydrophobic coating for the surfaces of building walls from diatomaceous earth (DE) @SiO2 by the sol–gel method, mixed with fluorosilicon (HLR-Si) resin and then sprayed on home-made walls. The resulting surface structure endowed the wall with self-cleaning properties: it had obvious anti-bioadhesion to Aspergillus and Simplicillium at 35 ℃ and above 90% humidity. The coated building walls were still waterproof after around 380 days, showing a promising application. Besides, the superhydrophobic sesame-cake-like coating was not easily destroyed after 16 peels and 300 min of stirring sand abrasion test with a speed of 250 rpm. The coating’s superhydrophobicity also remained unchanged after being misted with different inorganic salt solutions for 12 h.
Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays an important role in regulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, the effects of NGF on spermatogenesis remain unclear. This study aimed to ...assess the potential application of NGF with nasal delivery on spermatogenesis in azoospermic mice. We established a model with azoospermia induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of busulfan. NGF pre-encapsulated with liposomes (25, 50, and 100 μg/kg) was delivered via internasal administration. Three weeks after busulfan injection, NGF treatments were performed twice a week for 8 weeks; the change of sperm quality, testis and epididymis histopathology, and androgenic hormone were analyzed to evaluate sperm regeneration. Furthermore, 30 mg/kg busulfan injection caused severe testicular atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, characterized by a loss of spermatogenic elements and sperms. NGF with nasal administration could significantly upregulate the markers expressing meiotic spermatogonia (Stra8) and spermatocytes (SYCP3), restore spermatogenesis, and improve sperm quality in busulfan-treated mice by increasing the secretion of sexual hormones. The convenient and noninvasive nasal delivery of NGF may be a new potential therapy for spermatogenesis via activating the HPG axis and elevating androgenic hormones. This study opened a new horizon for NGF application in reproductive endocrine.
In this work, the composites of ZnTCPP and g-C3N4 (ZP/CN) were prepared for the treatment of bacterial infections. The antibacterial efficiency of ZP/CN against Staphylococcus aureus reached 99.99% ...under visible light irradiation for 10 min.
Display omitted
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has received much attention as a metal-free polymeric two-dimensional photocatalyst for antibiotic-free antibacterial application. However, the weak photocatalytic antibacterial activity of pure g-C3N4 stimulated by visible light limits its applications. Herein, g-C3N4 is modified with Zinc (II) meso-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (ZnTCPP) by amidation reaction to enhance the utilization of visible light and reduce the recombination of electron-hole pairs. The composite (ZP/CN) is used to treat bacterial infection under visible light irradiation with a high efficacy of 99.99% within 10 min due to the enhanced photocatalytic activity. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and density flooding theory calculations indicate the excellent electrical conductivity between the interface of ZnTCPP and g-C3N4. The formed built-in electric field is responsible for the high visible photocatalytic performance of ZP/CN. In vitro and in vivo tests have demonstrated that ZP/CN not only possesses excellent antibacterial activity upon visible light irradiation, but also facilitates the angiogenesis. In addition, ZP/CN also suppresses the inflammatory response. Therefore, this inorganic–organic material can serve as a promising platform for effective healing of bacteria-infected wounds.
This paper proposes a Hilbert stereo reconstruction algorithm based on depth feature and stereo matching to solve the problem of occlusive region matching errors, namely, the Hilbert stereo network. ...The traditional stereo network pays more attention to disparity itself, leading to the inaccuracy of disparity estimation. Our design network studies the effective disparity matching and refinement through reconstruction representation of Hilbert’s disparity coefficient. Since the Hilbert coefficient is not affected by the occlusion and texture in the image, stereo disparity matching can conducted effectively. Our network includes three sub-modules, namely, depth feature representation, Hilbert cost volume fusion, and Hilbert refinement reconstruction. Separately, texture features of different depth levels of the image were extracted through Hilbert filtering operation. Next, stereoscopic disparity fusion was performed, and then Hilbert designed to refine the difference regression stereo matching solution was used. Based on the end-to-end design, the structure is refined by combining the depth feature extraction module and Hilbert coefficient disparity. Finally, the Hilbert stereo matching algorithm achieves excellent performance on standard big data set and is compared with other advanced stereo networks. Experiments show that our network has high accuracy and high performance.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
