Efficient and accurate calculation of Mie scattering parameters for aerosol particles holds significant scientific value and practical implications across various fields such as climate change and ...environmental science. Traditional multilayer Mie scattering computations are challenged in effectively handling particles that exhibit radial refractive index gradients, leading to low computation speed and accuracy. This paper proposes a novel method driven by deep learning, named RIMie, to offer accuracy and efficient Mie parameters prediction, addressing major challenges in computational efficiency and accuracy. This study provides an efficient and accurate deep learning strategy for calculating Mie scattering parameters of complex aerosol particles, markedly outperforming existing methods.
•Novel approach predicts complex particle Mie scattering.•LSTM network boosts accuracy and efficiency in scattering prediction.•Optimizes quantification method for aerosol particle scattering.•Offers significant implications for improving climate modeling accuracy.
Core–shell structure Cu@Pd/C catalysts were prepared in two steps combining microwave-assisted glycol reduction and chemical impregnation method for the first time. Compared with the traditional ...one-step synthesis of PdCu/C alloy catalysts by microwave (marked as M-PdCu/C) and impregnation (denoted by I-PdCu/C) method, respectively. The Cu@Pd/C catalysts were prepared in two-step show better catalytic performance toward formic acid oxidation, due to its special core–shell structure and better dispersion. On this basis, different proportions of Cu
x
@Pd
y
/C (x:y = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5) catalysts were synthesized by the two-step strategy. The relationship between lattice strain, electron distribution and catalytic performance were explored by physical and chemical characterization. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectra analyses showed that the introduction of Cu lead to the lattice contraction and modified electronic structure of Pd. The electrochemical test showed that Cu@Pd
3
/C sample has the highest activity toward formic acid electro-oxidation. Its mass activity is about 3.3 times that of Pd/C catalyst that was synthesized by impregnation method (labelled as I-Pd/C). At the same time, the Cu@Pd
3
/C catalyst also demonstrated improved stability.
Graphical Abstract
The low-palladium catalyst with a Pd–Cu shell–core structure was synthesized by two-step method and has excellent catalytic activity and stability for formic acid electro-oxidation.
Background The gene cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5), also called sororin, has oncogenic characteristics and is upregulated in various carcinomas. Nevertheless, the involvement of CDCA5 in ...ovarian cancer (OC), a highly aggressive form of cancer, and the underlying mechanism of metastasis remain inadequately investigated. Results The bioinformatics data revealed a negative correlation between the patient's survival and CDCA5 expression, which was overexpressed in OC. Functional assays also confirmed high expression levels of CDCA5 in OC tissues and cells. This suggests that CDCA5 may potentially enhance the motility, migration, and proliferation of OC cells invitro. It impedes DNA damage and apoptosis in OC cells, inhibiting xenograft development in nude mice. The RNA sequencing results suggest CDCA5 is majorly associated with biological functions related to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and influences the transforming growth factor (TGF) signaling pathway. Moreover, subsequent functional investigations elucidated that CDCA5 facilitated the migration and invasion of OC cells viathe TGF-beta1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway activation. Conclusions CDCA5 may be a strong potential therapeutic target for the treatment and management of OC. Keywords: CDCA5, TGF-beta1, Ovarian cancer, Proliferation, Metastasis
The failure issue of electromagnetic railgun rails is a widely researched problem, but effective research methods are lacking in studying the microstructure of rail materials. The high current and ...high strain rate tensile (HCHST) testing platform was designed to simulate the high current density and high strain rate deformation service conditions of pure copper rails used in electromagnetic guns. The microstructural and mechanical properties of commercially pure copper were analyzed using TEM and EBSD under high current density (2680 A/mm2) and various high strain rates (ε̇=3404s−1,ε̇=6808s−1)using the HCHST test platform. The obtained results were then compared with those obtained from the as-received state and the quasi-static current-assisted tensile (QCAT) test. The findings indicate that the deformation mechanism of pure copper specimen under HCHST is similar to that of QCAT, where dislocation and slip are the main mechanisms. However, distinct differences in microstructure were observed. Specifically, a significant number of dislocation walls were present in the grains under QCAT, whereas numerous dislocation cells were formed in the grains under HCHST. In the high-current density environment of 2680 A/mm2, as the strain rate increased, the number of dislocation cells increased while their size decreased. The grains became extremely refined, and the KAM value also increased. Furthermore, the Vickers hardness of pure copper significantly improved after undergoing the HCHST. Based on the experimental findings, it was observed that during the service process of the pure copper rail in electromagnetic railguns (under the influence of high current density and high strain rate deformation), the surface of the rail material experienced significant dislocation entanglement. This resulted in a significant increase in the strength and hardness of the surface of the rail with high strain rate deformation. However, the uneven distribution of strength and hardness throughout the surface layer of the rail eventually made it more susceptible to deformation and failure.
•The experiment designed for high current and high strain rate stretching (HCHST).•The HCHST experiment aims to simulate the service environment of electromagnetic railgun rails.•The rail surface exhibits increased strength and hardness due to the excessive entanglement of dislocations.•The HCHST test offers a new approach to investigate the failure of electromagnetic railgun rails.
Recently, graph-based unsupervised feature selection algorithms (GUFS) have been shown to efficiently handle prevalent high-dimensional unlabeled data. One common drawback associated with existing ...graph-based approaches is that they tend to be time-consuming and in need of large storage, especially when faced with the increasing size of data. Research has started using anchors to accelerate graph-based learning model for feature selection, while the hard linear constraint between the data matrix and the lower-dimensional representation is usually overstrict in many applications. In this letter, we propose a flexible linearization model with anchor graph and
-norm regularization, which can deal with large-scale data sets and improve the performance of the existing anchor-based method. In addition, the anchor-based graph Laplacian is constructed to characterize the manifold embedding structure by means of a parameter-free adaptive neighbor assignment strategy. An efficient iterative algorithm is developed to address the optimization problem, and we also prove the convergence of the algorithm. Experiments on several public data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the method we propose.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Iron is often found to be of excessive concentrations in laying hens' diets, which may cause antagonistic interactions with other minerals. This study was conducted to investigate how to supplement ...Zn and Mn in the diets without Fe supplementation. In experiment 1, 420 18‐week Lohmann Brown layers were fed a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 30–0, 65–30 and 100–60 mg/kg of Zn and Mn, respectively. In experiment 2, 360 40‐week Lohmann Brown layers were fed a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 15–0, 35–0 and 55–15 mg/kg of Mn and Zn, respectively. Minerals were supplemented in the form of sulfate. Egg production was improved by supplementing 30 mg/kg Zn or 65 mg/kg Zn in combination with 30 mg/kg Mn in experiment one. In experiment two, a significant reduction of egg performance occurred with 35 mg/kg Mn supplementation. Mn and/or Zn supplementation increased eggshell thickness in experiment one, and decreased yolk cholesterol in both experiments. Mn and/or Zn supplementation increased Zn and Mn excretion in both experiments. Serum growth hormone (GH), thyroxine (T4), and insulin levels, or alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity were not affected by treatments; serum estrogen (E2) and triiodothyronine (T3) were different but there was no consistency by dietary treatments. This study demonstrates that 30 mg/kg supplemental Zn is necessary to obtain maximal egg production, and there seems to be no need to supply Mn in this type of diet.
FOXP2 was initially characterized as a transcription factor linked to speech and language disorders. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that Foxp2 is enriched in the gonadotrope cluster of the ...pituitary gland and colocalized with the hormones LHB and FSHB in chickens and mice, implying that FOXP2 might be associated with reproduction in vertebrates. Herein, we investigated the roles of foxp2 in reproduction in a Foxp2-deficient zebrafish model. The results indicated that the loss of Foxp2 inhibits courtship behavior in adult male zebrafish. Notably, Foxp2 deficiency disrupts gonad development, leading to retardation of follicle development and a decrease in oocytes in females at the full-growth stage, among other phenotypes. The transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) also revealed that differentially expressed genes clustered into the estrogen signaling and ovarian steroidogenesis-related signaling pathways. In addition, we found that Foxp2 deficiency could modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, especially the regulation of lhb and fshb expression, in zebrafish. In contrast, the injection of human chorionic gonadotropin, a specific LH agonist, partially rescues Foxp2-impaired reproduction in zebrafish, suggesting that Foxp2 plays an important role in the regulation of reproduction via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in zebrafish. Thus, our findings reveal a new role for Foxp2 in the regulation of reproduction in vertebrates.
Abstract
The magnetic properties of a β-Mn-type alloy Co
7
Zn
8
Mn
5
, which is a chiral magnet hosting skyrmion phase, are comprehensively investigated, exhibiting a ferromagnetic transition around ...184 K and a spin freezing near 20 K. The generated Rhodes–Wolfarth ratio equals 1.10, which indicates a weak itinerant character of the ferromagnetism in Co
7
Zn
8
Mn
5
. The spin dynamics of the spin freezing agrees with the universal scaling law of critical slowing down with
τ
0
= 1.7 × 10
−5
s,
T
g
= 20.2 K, and
zν
= 3.92. Critical exponents
β
= 0.423(1) and
γ
= 1.366(4) are deduced by the modified Arrott plot, whereas
δ
= 4.22(2) is obtained by a critical isotherm analysis. The validity of the deduced critical exponents is verified by the Widom scaling relation and the scaling hypothesis. The boundary between the first-order and the second-order phase transition is evaluated by a scaling analysis. The magnetic interaction, obtained by a renormalization group theory, decays with distance
r
as
J
(
r
) ≈
r
−4.9
, lying between the mean-field model and the 3D Heisenberg model. The analyses on critical behavior could shed new light on the origin of ferromagnetism and topological Hall effect. Moreover, the magnetic entropy change −Δ
S
M
exhibits a maximal value around
T
C
, and the peak position gradually raises with an increasing fields, eliminating the mean-field model. The
−
Δ
S
M
max
features a power-law behavior with
n
> 2/3, excluding any universal standard models of ferromagnetism. The −Δ
S
M
(
T
,
H
) plots can be scaled into a universal curve, further verifying the reliability and accuracy of the yielded critical exponents.
