Rasch Analysis of the Stroke Impact Scale-16 Wang, Inga; Wang, Yi-Ching; Wu, Tzu-Yi ...
The American journal of occupational therapy,
2022-Nov-01, 2022-11-01, 20221101, Letnik:
76, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Because the psychometric evidence supporting the use of the Stroke Impact Scale-16 (SIS-16) is limited, an examination of its psychometric properties is warranted.
To evaluate the psychometric ...properties of the SIS-16 using Rasch analysis.
Secondary data analysis of responses to the SIS-16 from the published Field Administration of Stroke Therapy-Magnesium Trial database.
Emergency medical system agencies and acute care receiving hospitals.
A total of 1,010 people with stroke.
We examined the item difficulty hierarchy, item fit, person-item match, separation index, person reliability coefficient, and ceiling and floor effect of the SIS-16.
The item "climb a flight of stairs" was the most difficult, and "sit without losing balance" was the easiest. Four items misfit the Rasch partial-credit measurement model. Overall, the average patient ability estimate of 2.1 logits (SD = 2.0) was higher than the average item difficulty estimate of 0.0 logits (SD = 1.1). With a separation index of 2.85, the SIS-16 can differentiate people into 4.1 statistically distinct strata. The person reliability coefficient was .89. Given that 24.2% (n = 244) obtained the maximum score and 0.2% (n = 2) obtained the minimum score, the SIS-16 had a ceiling effect in this patient sample.
Results partially support the validity and clinical use of the SIS-16 in subacute stroke clinical settings. Further research is warranted to examine the psychometric properties of the SIS-16 in patients with chronic stroke. What This Article Adds: Our results partially support the use of the SIS-16 in clinical and research settings.
Depression is a medical and social problem. Multiple metabolites and neuroinflammation regulate it. Modifying the gut microbiota with probiotics to reduce depression through the gut-brain axis is a ...potential treatment strategy. In this study, three anti-depressive potentials of
spp. (LAB), including
GMNL-74,
GMNL-185 and
GMNL-141, which combined to produce low dosage LAB (1.6 × 10
CFU/mouse, LABL) and high dosage LAB (4.8 × 10
CFU/mouse, LABH), were administered to C57BL/6 mice induced depression by ampicillin (Amp). A behavioral test of depression, 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content measurement were executed to investigate the gut microbiota composition, activation of nutrient metabolism pathways, levels of inflammatory factors, gut-derived 5-HT biosynthesis genes, and SCFA levels in C57BL/6 mice. Results showed that after mice were induced by Amp, both LAB groups recovered from depressive behaviors, decreased the abundance of
, and increased the abundance of
and
in the mouse ileum. The prediction of metabolism pathways of microbes revealed the activation of arginine and proline metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism were increased, and fatty acid synthesis was decreased in both LAB groups. The LABH groups showed increased levels of acetic acid, propanoic acid, and iso-butyric acid and decreased butyric acid levels in the cecum. LABH treatment increased claudin-5 and reduced IL-6 mRNA expression. Both LAB groups also reduced monoamine oxidase, and the LABH group increased vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression. These results showed that the composite of three LAB exerts antidepressant effects by regulating the gut microbiota and modifying the levels of depression-related metabolites in C57BL/6J Amp-treated mice.
Objective: To investigate the mechanism of the adaptive effect of two compounds in Lonicerae japonica flos (LJF), luteolin (LUT) and chlorogenic acid (CGA), on the expression of interleukin (IL) ...IL-10 and IL-6. Materials and Methods: RAW264.7 cells receiving lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were pretreated with CGA and LJF. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and IL-10 was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, the concentrations of IL-10 and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the culture medium obtained 24 h after LPS treatment. Nuclear extracts of RAW264.7 cells, pretreated with CGA or LUT and LPS, were prepared after 6 h, and C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ were measured by Western blotting. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The phosphorylated form of IκB, ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and IκB, ERK2, p38, or JNK were also measured by Western blotting. Results: CGA enhanced the LPS-induced expression of IL-10 and IL-6, and increased NF-κB, Sp1, C/EBPβ and δ. The effect of CGA is interfered with Lut by suppressing the phosphorylation of IκB and p38, and NF-κB activity. In the event, IL-6 was suppressed and IL-10 was not influenced. Conclusion: LUT and CGA, which are abundant in LJF that is one of the ingredients in Gingyo-san, have adaptive immunoregulative effect on the expression of IL-10.
The conductive and transparent properties of ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structures were investigated in this study. The
I
–
V
curves of single ZnO films with different thicknesses were recorded and plotted. ...The linear
I
–
V
curves confirmed the ohmic conduction mechanism for the ZnO thin films in the ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structures. Moreover, the energy band diagram of the ZnO/Cu interface showed that the interface between ZnO and Cu exhibited ohmic contact behavior. The resistivity of the ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structures (with thicknesses between 20/5/20 nm and 80/5/80 nm) ranged from 2.25 × 10
−4
Ω cm to 9.72 × 10
−4
Ω cm. The lowest resistivity (i.e., 2.25 × 10
−4
Ω cm) occurred in the 20/5/20 nm thin film. In the ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structures, the electrons are transported vertically through the upper ZnO thin film and transported horizontally in the sandwiched Cu thin film. Ohmic conduction behavior was verified throughout the conduction path in the ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structure. The transmittance measurement in the visible region of the structures showed that the sandwiched ZnO layers increased the transmittance of the 5 nm Cu thin film. In addition, the transmittance of the ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structure was dependent on the thickness of the sandwiched ZnO layers. The 60/5/60 nm sandwich structure exhibited the best enhancement effect on transmittance. The thickness dependence was found to be due to the destructive interference between the reflected light at the ZnO/Cu and Cu/ZnO interfaces in the ZnO/Cu/ZnO sandwich structures.
Aim
Depression is a common mental disorder in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and may provoke the onset of poor clinical prognoses. In view of this, whether or not the use of Chinese herbal ...medicines (CHMs) can alleviate the risk of depression still remains unclear. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study to evaluate the association between CHMs us and depression risk among RA patients.
Method
Using claims data from the National Health Insurance of Taiwan, we identified 6609 newly diagnosed RA patients aged 20 years or older between 1998 and 2010. From this sample, we recruited 3386 CHM users and randomly selected 3223 controls using propensity scores matching from the remaining cases as the non‐CHMs users. They were followed until the end of 2012 to record depression incidence. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to compute the hazard ratio (HR) of depression with regard to the use of CHMs.
Results
During the 15‐year follow‐up, 249 CHM users and 314 non‐CHM users developed depression, representing an incidence rate of 9.33 and 14.98, respectively, per 1000 person‐years. We found that use of CHMs was associated with lower risk of depression by 38% (95% confidence interval 0.54‐0.76). The most predominant effect was observed in those receiving CHMs for over 2 years (adjusted HR 0.34). Seven commonly prescribed CHMs could lessen the risk of depression: Chuan‐niu‐xi, Jie‐geng, San‐qi, Jia‐wei‐xia‐yao‐san, Dang‐gui‐nian‐tong‐tang, Zhi‐gan‐cao‐tang, and Suan‐zao‐ren‐tang.
Conclusion
This study supports that adding CHMs into conventional therapy may prevent subsequent depression risk for RA patients.
Oral cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide and has become a major global health problem because of its relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. The sex-determining region on the ...Y-chromosome-related high-mobility-group box (SOX) transcription factor 11 (SOX11) plays a key role in human development and differentiation and is frequently increased in various human cancers. However, the clinical significance of SOX11 polymorphisms in oral cancer and their association with oral cancer risk are unclear. In this study, we included 1196 patients with oral cancer and 1200 controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to analyze three SOX11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs77996007, rs66465560, and rs68114586). Our results shown that SOX11 polymorphisms carriers with betel quid chewing were found to have an 8.38- to 9.23-fold risk to have oral cancer compared to SOX11 wild-type carriers without betel quid chewing. Furthermore, oral cancer patients who carried SOX11 rs77996007 "TC + CC" variants were significantly associated with large tumor size (AOR, 1.324; 95% CI, 1.047-1.674;
= 0.019). Moreover, a database analysis using the Cancer Genome Atlas suggested that SOX11 mRNA expression was high during the tumor development process. In conclusion, our results suggest that SOX11 rs77996007 is involved in oral cancer progression and clinical characteristics.
A non-axial-scanning multi-plane microscopic system incorporating multiplexed volume holographic gratings and slit array detection to simultaneously acquire optically sectioned images from different ...depths is presented. The proposed microscopic system is configured such that multiplexed volume holographic gratings are utilized to selectively produce axial focal points in two or more planes inside the sample, and then to use confocal slit apertures to simultaneously image these multiple planes onto corresponding detection areas of a CCD. We describe the design, implementation, and experimental data demonstrating this microscopic system's ability to obtain optically sectioned multi-plane images of fluorescently labeled standard micro-spheres and tissue samples without scanning in axial directions.
Introduction/objectives
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is commonly used for symptom relief in patients with chronic diseases. Nevertheless, large-scale surveys focusing on the utilization of TCM ...among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are limited, especially in Taiwan, where TCM is highly popular. This cohort study aimed to describe the utilization of TCM and determine the factors related to TCM usage among RA patients.
Method
A national health insurance database was used to identify 6532 newly diagnosed RA patients aged between 20 and 70 years, together with 12,246 subjects without RA matched by sex, age, and index year between 2000 and 2010. Incidence density of TCM use and its related factors was calculated by the Poisson regression model.
Results
Findings indicated that RA patients experienced higher incidence density of TCM use than non-RA patients, with an adjusted incidence density ratio of 1.30 (95% confidence interval = 1.21–1.36). Multivariate analysis showed that RA patients who were female, were young, had high monthly income, had high Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index scores, and lived in the highly urbanized area with high TCM density were more likely to use TCM services. The top three reasons for seeking TCM services were diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, the respiratory system, and the digestive system.
Conclusions
The findings allow healthcare providers to identify the pattern of TCM use and characterize the factors that affect TCM utilization. Further research is required to fully address the efficiency and safety of TCM in treating RA patients.
Postoperative adverse outcomes in patients with pressure ulcer are not completely understood. This study evaluated the association between preoperative pressure ulcer and adverse events after major ...surgeries.
Using reimbursement claims from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study of 17391 patients with preoperative pressure ulcer receiving major surgery in 2008-2010. With a propensity score matching procedure, 17391 surgical patients without pressure ulcer were selected for comparison. Eight major surgical postoperative complications and 30-day postoperative mortality were evaluated among patients with pressure ulcer of varying severity.
Patients with preoperative pressure ulcer had significantly higher risk than controls for postoperative adverse outcomes, including septicemia, pneumonia, stroke, urinary tract infection, and acute renal failure. Surgical patients with pressure ulcer had approximately 1.83-fold risk (95% confidence interval 1.54-2.18) of 30-day postoperative mortality compared with control group. The most significant postoperative mortality was found in those with serious pressure ulcer, such as pressure ulcer with local infection, cellulitis, wound or treatment by change dressing, hospitalized care, debridement or antibiotics. Prolonged hospital or intensive care unit stay and increased medical expenditures were also associated with preoperative pressure ulcer.
This nationwide propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study showed increased postoperative complications and mortality in patients with preoperative pressure ulcer. Our findings suggest the urgency of preventing and managing preoperative pressure ulcer by a multidisciplinary medical team for this specific population.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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