Several studies have shown that the risk of mortality due to COVID-19 is high in patients with COPD. However, evidence on factors predicting mortality is limited.
Are there any useful markers to ...predict mortality in COVID-19 patients with COPD?.
A total of 689 patients were included in this study from the COPET study, a national multicenter observational study investigating COPD phenotypes consisting of patients who were followed up with a spirometry-confirmed COPD diagnosis. Patients were also retrospectively examined in terms of COVID-19 and their outcomes.
Among the study patients, 105 were diagnosed with PCR-positive COVID-19, and 19 of them died. Body mass index (p= 0.01) and ADO (age, dyspnoea, airflow obstruction) index (p= 0.01) were higher, whereas predicted FEV
(p< 0.001) and eosinophil count (p= 0.003) were lower in patients who died of COVID-19. Each 0.755 unit increase in the ADO index increased the risk of death by 2.12 times, and each 0.007 unit increase in the eosinophil count decreased the risk of death by 1.007 times. The optimum cut-off ADO score of 3.5 was diagnostic with 94% sensitivity and 40% specificity in predicting mortality.
Our study suggested that the ADO index recorded in the stable period in patients with COPD makes a modest contribution to the prediction of mortality due to COVID-19. Further studies are needed to validate the use of the ADO index in estimating mortality in both COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections in patients with COPD.
GOLD 2017 report proposed that the combined COPD assessment should be done according only to symptom burden and exacerbation history in the previous year.
This study aims to investigate the change in ...the COPD groups after the GOLD 2017 revision and also to discuss the evaluation of group C and D as a single group after the GOLD 2019 report.
The study was designed as a cross-sectional. 251 stable COPD patients admitted to our out-patient clinic; aged ...40 years, at least one-year diagnosis of COPD and ...10 pack-year smoking history were consecutively recruited for the study.
In GOLD 2017, a significant difference was found between the distribution of all groups compared to GOLD 2011 (P...=...0,001). 31 patients included in group C were reclassified into group A and 37 patients in group D were reclassified into group B. The FEV1 values of group A and B patients were significantly low and group C and D patients had had exacerbations in more frequently the previous year in GOLD 2017 compared to GOLD 2011.
After the GOLD 2017 revision, the rate of group C patients decreased even more compared to GOLD 2011 and the group C and D may be considered as a single group in terms of the treatment recommendations with the GOLD 2019 revision. We think that future prospective studies are needed to support this suggestion.
Ocrelizumab is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of primary progressive and relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Although cases of organizing pneumonia have been reported in ...association with other antiCD20 agents such as rituximab, there is insufficient data in the literature on Ocrelizumab-associated lung involvement. Herein, we present a case of organizing pneumonia in a 37-year-old female patient with multiple sclerosis following Ocrelizumab use.
Background and objective: Propofol may decrease seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy. Although not proven, prolonged seizures may be more efficacious. The goal of this study was to evaluate ...and compare effects of alfentanil and remifentanil on seizure duration, recovery parameters and degree of stimulus amplitude in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy.
Methods: Twenty‐four ASA I–II patients enrolled in this prospective, randomized trial, each receiving a total of seven electroconvulsive therapies. Patients were randomized to receive only Propofol, group P (0.75 mg kg−1, n = 8), Propofol with alfentanil, group A (10 µg kg−1 alfentanil + 0.5 mg kg−1 Propofol, n = 8) and Propofol with remifentanil, group R (1 µg kg−1 remifentanil +0.5 mg kg−1 propofol, n = 8) via an iv route. Supplemental doses of propofol were given as required to achieve loss of consciousness. Succinylcholine 0.5 mg kg−1 iv was given to all groups for muscular paralysis. We recorded hemodynamic parameters, cortical and motor seizure durations, and recovery parameters.
Results: Mean motor seizure duration was found to be significantly longer in patients receiving propofol‐remifentanil anesthesia (53.3 ± 13.6 s) and propofol‐alfentanil anesthesia (52.2 ± 0.4 s) compared with propofol anesthesia (37.6 ± 9.2 s) (P = 0.001). Recovery parameters and stimulus amplitudes were similar in groups A and R; significantly different from group P (P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Adding 10 µg kg−1 alfentanil or 1 µg kg−1 remifentanil to reduced doses of propofol provided unconsciousness and increased seizure durations. For patients who need higher stimulus amplitudes for longer seizure durations, combining low‐dose propofol with alfentanil or remifentanil may be good alternative regimens for ECT.
•Nesfatin-1 improved oxidative skin injury induced by surgical wound.•Nesfatin-1 facilitated wound healing in non-diabetic and diabetic rats.•Nesfatin-1 suppressed dermal VEGF expression and ...wound-induced apoptosis.
Hyperglycemia is one of the major causes of suppressed angiogenesis and impaired wound healing leading to chronic wounds. Nesfatin-1 a novel peptide was reported to have antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. This study is aimed to investigate the potential healing-promoting effects of nesfatin-1 in non-diabetic or diabetic rats with surgical wounds. In male Sprague-Dawley rats, hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of streptozotocin (55mg/kg). Under anesthesia, dorsum skin tissues of normoglycemic (n=16) and hyperglycemic rats were excised (2×2cm, full-thickness), while control rats (n=16) had neither hyperglycemia nor wounds. Half of the rats in each group were treated ip with saline, while the others were treated with nesfatin-1 (2μg/kg/day) for 3days until they were decapitated. Plasma interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β-1), IL–6 levels, and dermal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and caspase-3 activity were measured. For histological examination, paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or Masson’s trichrome and immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was applied. ANOVA and Student’s t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Compared to control rats, skin MPO activity, MDA and caspase-3 levels were increased similarly in saline-treated normo- and hyperglycemic rats. Nesfatin-1 depressed MDA, caspase-3, MPO activity and IL-1β with concomitant elevations in dermal GSH and plasma TGF-β-1 levels. Histopathological examination revealed regeneration of epidermis, regular arrangement of collagen fibers in the dermis and a decrease in VEGF immunoreactivity in the epidermal keratinocytes of nesfatin-1-treated groups. Nesfatin-1 improved surgical wound healing in both normo- and hyperglycemic rats via the suppression of neutrophil recruitment, apoptosis and VEGF activation.
The Biga Peninsula in northwest Turkey contains high-pressure metabasic eclogite that occur in two localities; as lenses within a 2 km long, 500 m thick quartz-phengite schist slice that is in turn ...found in the greenschist-facies metasedimentary rocks of the Çamlıca metamorphics, in Çamlıca area, and in two north-south elongated eclogites occurring as a tectonic slice between Kazdağ Massif and Çetmi Group, in Çetmi area. The P-T conditions under which these two exposures of eclogites formed are important to quantify the tectonic processes of subduction, exhumation and emplacement that high-pressure rocks of the Biga Peninsula record. New geochemical data suggest that both protoliths were N-type MORB basalt with high TiO
2
and K
2
O-Na
2
O content and Nb/Y ratios. Most eclogite samples have tholeiitic signatures volcanic arc settings. ∑REE abundances range from 47.55 to 107.4 ppm. Europium anomalies are slightly variable (Eu/Eu
*
= 0.9-1.1) and trace element contents are similar to typical MORB based on tectonic discrimination diagrams. All eclogite protoliths were probably derived from depleted mantle source, modified by fluids within the subduction zone. The high-P mineral assemblage in eclogites from both regions is omphacite + garnet + glaucophane + phengite + epidote + zoisite + quartz. The inclusions in garnet are glaucophane, quartz, phengite, Ca-amphibole and rutile. P-T conditions are similar to each other and constrained at 550-700 °C and 16-24 kbar. Geochemical data and mineral chemistry indicate that the eclogites in the Biga Peninsula represent oceanic crust processed at significant depths (50-80 km) within the subduction channel and were juxtaposed with greenschist facies as a tectonic slice in the accretionary complex at higher structural levels.
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