3-Imidazoline 3-oxides react regioselectively with 3-phenylpropanoic acid alkyl esters to give the corresponding 2-phenyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo1,5-bisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid alkyl esters. This ...adducts convert to imidazole and the corresponding alkyl 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanoic acid esters when treated with alkoxides or heated under vacuum. Attempts to oxidise the carbon-carbon double bond using KMnO
4
-FeSO
4
led to the formation of heretofore unknown 4-oxo-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo1,5-bisoxazoles.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The best possible fit of prosthetic components should be the aim of the clinician. The technical report presented here describes the use of a modified plastic shell technique for modeling a ...cement-retained single-implant restoration. This approach will help to prevent potential errors caused by the wax modeling technique.
Production cross-sections of heavy neutron-rich isotopes are calculated by
employing quantal transport description in
^{250}\text{Cf}+{}^{232}\text{Th}$ collisions. This quantal transport
description ...is based on the stochastic mean-field (SMF) approach, and it
provides a microscopic approach beyond time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF)
theory to include mean-field fluctuations. De-excitation of primary fragments
is determined by employing the statistical GEMINI++ code. Calculations provide
predictions for production cross-sections of neutron rich transfermium isotopes
without any adjustable parameters.
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of a new regimen of 800 µg misoprostol administered intravaginally every 6 h up to a maximum of three doses in 24 h for ...second trimester pregnancy termination. METHODS: A total of 66 women seeking termination of second trimester pregnancy (30 fetal structural anomaly, six chromosomal abnormality and 30 fetal death) were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: (i) intravaginal misoprostol moistened with 3 ml of 5% acetic acid in group A (n = 33); or (ii) intravaginal misoprostol moistened with 3 ml of saline in group B (n = 33). RESULTS: The overall median (range) induction–abortion interval was 10 h (2–46) 10 h (4–35) in 36 live fetuses and 9 h (2–46) in 30 dead fetuses, P = 0.515. All of the patients in both groups aborted within 48 h (100% success rate). The median (range) induction–abortion interval revealed a significantly faster delivery time (P < 0.001) in group A 8 h (2–24) than in group B 14 h (3–46). CONCLUSIONS: This new regimen of 800 µg of vaginal misoprostol every 6 h for a maximum of three doses in 24 h was an effective alternative method for second trimester abortion. In addition, misoprostol moistened with acetic acid was significantly more effective than misoprostol moistened with saline.
Oriented growth of polycrystalline ETS-4 films on porous titania substrates was investigated using the method of secondary growth, utilizing synthesis mixtures with compositions of ...3.6SiO2/1TiO2/5.5Na2O/xH2SO4/230.2H2O, where x = 4.4 or x = 3.6. Dense seed layers, obtained in situ by hydrothermal synthesis (x = 4.4), were partially (a, c)-out-of-plane oriented. Films were prepared in just one secondary growth step. Films developed by evolutionary, epitaxial growth of seed crystals and were highly (x = 4.4) b-out-of-plane oriented. Highly b-out-of-plane oriented ETS-4 films were also grown from dense, partially b-out-of-plane oriented seed layers on porous α-alumina substrates using identical synthesis mixtures. Shattuck et al., Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2006, 88, 56. These findings suggest that the film orientation is dictated by the secondary growth conditions and is not determined by the seed layer orientation. This was attributed to the highly anisotropic growth rates of ETS-4 and the limited growth space provided by dense seed layers. Overall, these results indicate that by effectively decoupling nucleation from seed crystal growth, and by providing conditions for the fastest growth of crystals along the b-direction in a confined space, it is possible to fabricate highly b-out-of-plane oriented ETS-4 films for advanced applications.
Abstract
Background
The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a polysynaptic and multisegmental spinal reflex that develops in response to a noxious stimulus and is characterized by the withdrawal of ...the affected body part. The NFR possesses two excitatory components: early RII and late RIII. Late RIII is derived from high-threshold cutaneous afferent A-delta fibers, which are prone to injury early in the course of diabetes mellitus (DM) and may lead to neuropathic pain. We investigated NFR in patients with DM with different types of polyneuropathies to analyze the role of NFR in small fiber neuropathy (SFN).
Methods
We included 37 patients with DM and 20 healthy participants of similar age and sex. We performed the Composite Autonomic Neuropathy Scale-31, modified Toronto Neuropathy Scale, and routine nerve conduction studies. We grouped the patients into large fiber neuropathy (LFN), SFN, and no overt neurological symptom/sign groups. In all participants, NFR was recorded on anterior tibial (AT) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles after train stimuli on the sole of the foot, and NFR-RIII findings were compared.
Results
We identified 11 patients with LFN, 15 with SFN, and 11 with no overt neurological symptoms or signs. The RIII response on the AT was absent in 22 (60%) patients with DM and 8 (40%) healthy participants. The RIII response on the BF was absent in 31 (73.8%) patients and 7 (35%) healthy participants (P = .001). In DM, the latency of RIII was prolonged, and the magnitude was reduced. Abnormal findings were seen in all subgroups; however, they were more prominent in patients with LFN compared to other groups.
Conclusions
The NFR-RIII was abnormal in patients with DM even before the emergence of the neuropathic symptoms. The pattern of involvement before neuropathic symptoms was possibly related to an earlier loss of A-delta fibers.
Penile vibratory stimulation is the first treatment option for anejaculation in men with spinal cord injury. It has been postulated that it also has an antispasticity effect. The purpose of this ...study was to determine the effect of penile vibratory stimulation on spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury.
Ten male patients with spinal cord injury were included in the study. They were examined at the baseline and 3, 6, 24, and 48 hrs later. After their baseline examination, they performed penile vibratory stimulation. The outcome variables were spasticity (Ashworth scale), spasm frequency, spasm severity, painful spasms, plantar stimulation response, deep tendon reflexes, clonus, and effect on function.
Ashworth grade showed a statistically significant decrease at hour 3 and hour 6 examinations (P = 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively, with Tukey test). The patients showed a tendency toward having less frequent and less severe spasms throughout the study; however, it did not reach to a significant level. Similarly, clonus showed a nonsignificant decrease during follow-up examinations. The other variables did not change considerably.
Penile vibratory stimulation may contribute to the relief of the spasticity in men with spinal cord injury. In treating spasticity, all the factors that increase or decrease the tone should be considered.
A semi-classical method that incorporates the quantum effects of the low-lying vibrational modes is applied to fusion reactions. The quantum effect is simulated by stochastic sampling of initial ...zero-point fluctuations of the surface modes. In this model, dissipation of the relative energy into non-collective excitations of nuclei can be included straightforwardly. The inclusion of dissipation is shown to increase the agreement with the fusion cross section data of Ni isotopes.
In the stochastic mean-field approach, an ensemble of initial conditions is considered to incorporate correlations beyond the mean-field. Then each starting point is propagated separately using the ...Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock equation of motion. This approach provides a rather simple tool to better describe fluctuations compared to the standard TDHF. Several illustrations are presented showing that this theory can be rather effective to treat the dynamics close to a quantum phase transition. Applications to fusion and transfer reactions demonstrate the great improvement in the description of mass dispersion.
PDF
