There are limited data showing right ventricular preload increase due to high-flow arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). This cross-sectional study investigated whether high AVF flow had an impact on right ...ventricular function in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Sixty-four patients aged between 18 and 85 years who were on routine hemodialysis with >2 hemodialysis sessions per week for at least 3 months via an AVF were studied. Patients with inadequate flow fistulas, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of pulmonary embolism, primary pulmonary hypertension, severe mitral, aortic or pulmonary regurgitation, and/or stenosis were excluded. After an initial evaluation, 44 patients (mean age: 58.50 ± 16.84, male:female = 23:21) were considered eligible. Right ventricular function was assessed by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). AVF blood flow was measured with duplex ultrasound. There were 15 patients (34.1%) with a TAPSE of <16 mm. AVF blood flow was significantly higher in patients with impaired versus normal right ventricular function (1631.53 ± 738.17 vs. 1060.55 ± 539.92 min/ml, respectively, P = 0.003). Low left ventricular ejection fraction (odds ratio OR: 1.15, 95% confidence intervals CI: 1.007-1.334, P = 0.04), high interventricular septum thickness (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.104-2.464, P = 0.01), and high AVF blood flow (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.000-1.003, P = 0.03) were independent predictors of impaired right ventricular function. In addition to known risk factors that predominantly increase right ventricular afterload, excessive AVF blood flow was found to be independently associated with impaired right ventricular function, possibly by increasing right ventricular preload.
Highlights ► Signaling mechanisms mediating memantine’s neuroprotective actions remained essentially uninvestigated. ► Effects of memantine and melatonin on vascular leakage remained uninvestigated. ...► Synergistic effects of memantine and melatonin were observed in the inactivation of p21, p38/MAPK and SAPK/JNK1/2 pathways. ► Anti-synergistic effects of memantine and melatonin were observed in the regulation of ERK-1/2 pathway. ► Effects of memantine on signaling pathways were compared with a well-known neuroprotective melatonin.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the articular eminence inclination and height according to age and gender in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction and healthy ...controls using cone beam CT (CBCT).
The measurements were performed on CBCT records of 52 TMJ dysfunction patients (11 males and 41 females) and 41 control patients (17 males and 24 females). The eminence inclination and height were measured on the CBCT images.
The eminence inclination and height values were higher in males than in females in both TMJ dysfunction patient and control groups; however, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). While no statistically significant differences were found in the eminence inclination and height values between the age groups (p>0.05) in the TMJ dysfunction patient group, there were statistically significant differences in the control group. The eminence inclination was highest between the ages of 21 and 30 years and showed a decrease after the age of 30 years. Additionally, the eminence inclinations of the control patients were statistically higher than those of the TMJ dysfunction patients.
There were no statistically significant differences in eminence inclination and height according to gender. The eminence inclination reaches its highest value between the ages of 21 and 30 years and shows a decrease after the age of 31 years in healthy patients. The eminence inclination was steeper in healthy control patients than in patients with TMJ dysfunction.
Being one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide and their resistance to conventional treatment methods, made gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) one of the hot topics in medical ...research areas in the past decade. To investigate molecular alterations underlying the tumor is of great importance to be able to develop new, targeted treatment options. In this study, GIST samples obtained from 40 Turkish patients were analyzed for actionable epidermal growth factor receptor (
) mutations that are related to treatment regimes in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to understand whether
expression is altered in GISTs. Established alterations in
can make the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors possible, which are currently used in cancer therapy, especially in NSCLC. Our results indicated that
mutations are rare in GISTs. Further research is needed to sequence whole coding regions of the gene to investigate new actionable mutations in
in an increased sample size.
Low-energy electron microscopy and microprobe diffraction are used to image and characterize corrugation in SiO2-supported and suspended exfoliated graphene at nanometer length scales. Diffraction ...line-shape analysis reveals quantitative differences in surface roughness on length scales below 20 nm which depend on film thickness and interaction with the substrate. Corrugation decreases with increasing film thickness, reflecting the increased stiffness of multilayer films. Specifically, single-layer graphene shows a markedly larger short-range roughness than multilayer graphene. Due to the absence of interactions with the substrate, suspended graphene displays a smoother morphology and texture than supported graphene. A specific feature of suspended single-layer films is the dependence of corrugation on both adsorbate load and temperature, which is manifested by variations in the diffraction line shape. The effects of both intrinsic and extrinsic corrugation factors are discussed.
Objective: HIV-infected older adults (HOA) are at risk of functional decline. Interventions promoting physical activity that can attenuate functional decline and are easily translated into the HOA ...community are of high priority. We conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial to evaluate whether a physical activity counseling intervention based on self-determination theory (SDT) improves physical function, autonomous motivation, depression and the quality of life (QOL) in HOA. Method: In total, 67 community-dwelling HOA with mild-to-moderate functional limitations were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: a physical activity counseling group or the usual care control group. We used SDT to guide the development of the experimental intervention. Outcome measures that were collected at baseline and final study visits included a battery of physical function tests, levels of physical activity, autonomous motivation, depression, and QOL. Results: The study participants were similar in their demographic and clinical characteristics in both the treatment and control groups. Overall physical performance, gait speed, measures of endurance and strength, and levels of physical activity improved in the treatment group compared to the control group (p < .05). Measures of autonomous regulation such as identified regulation, and measures of depression and QOL improved significantly in the treatment group compared with the control group (p < .05). Across the groups, improvement in intrinsic regulation and QOL correlated with an improvement in physical function (p < .05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a physical activity counseling program grounded in SDT can improve physical function, autonomous motivation, depression, and QOL in HOA with functional limitations.
Background: Odontogenic cysts develop from the epithelium of dental structures and generally grow slowly. In children and adolescents, cysts usually grow faster than adults and require much knowledge ...for diagnoses and treatments. Aims: This study aimed to determine the diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic cysts in different age groups by evaluating the type of lesions, age, gender, and anatomical distribution of odontogenic cysts seen in children and adolescents by cone-beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: A total of 42 odontogenic cysts (radicular, dentigerous cyst, and odontogenic keratocyst) were determined in children and adolescents aged 7-18 years. Cone-beam computed tomography images of odontogenic cysts were analyzed in terms of types, age, sex, anatomical location, height, width, depth, scalloped borders, lesion shapes, tooth displacement, root resorption, and association with an unerupted tooth. Results: There was a significant correlation between odontogenic cyst types and age groups, scalloped borders, lesion shape, tooth displacement, root resorption, and association with an unerupted tooth. Conclusion: When odontogenic cysts seen in children and adolescents are examined with cone-beam computed tomography, the radicular cyst was the most common form and was predominated in the 13-18 years age group and in boys. Differences in terms of scalloped borders, lesion shape, tooth displacement, root resorption, and association with unerupted teeth were noticed. The knowledge of the distribution and properties of odontogenic cysts in pediatric patients will help diagnose the lesions during clinical and radiological examinations and make appropriate treatment planning.
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the amount of O2 uptake (VO2) in the range of isocapnic buffering (ICB) periods and aerobic fitness levels of subjects with different ...exercise tolerance levels. A total of 50 young male subjects (20.8±0.4 years) performed an incremental exercise test using a cycle ergometer to determinetheir anaerobic threshold (AT), respiratory compensation point (RCP) and maximal exercise capacity (Wmax). The ICB period is defined as the region between AT and RCP. Pulmonary gas exchange parameters were measured breath-by-breath using a respiratory gas analyser. The subjects' fitness levels, as indicated by peak O2 uptake to body weight ratios (VO2peak/BW), ranged from 28 ml/min/kg to 58 ml/min/kg, and Wmax capacity to body weight ratio (Wmax/BW) ranged from 1.94 W/min/kg to 3.96 W/min/kg. The VO2 in the range of ICB periodsranged from 101 ml to 793 ml (with an average of 295±157 ml). There was a positive linear correlation between VO2peak/BW, Wmax/BW and range of ICB: R=0.76542 (p<0.0001), and R=0.92135 (p<0.0001), respectively. The results of this study suggest that the range of ICB periods may be related to aerobic fitness. Importantly, aerobic fitness levels should be evaluated and considered important data, in addition toAT, VO2peak/BW and Wmax/BW.
•Pre-administration of 50 mg/kg, but not 10 and 100 mg/kg agomelatine reduced the spike frequency significantly.•50 mg/kg agomelatine did not change the amplitude significantly after penicillin ...induction.•VGLUT1 and VGAT tended to increase and decrease, respectively, and VGLUT1/VGAT did not change upon 50 mg/kg administration.
Agomelatine is a new antidepressant drug acting as an antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (5-HTR2C) and agonist of melatonergic receptors 1 and 2 (MT1 and MT2). Because of this dual action, it is an atypical antidepressant. The aim of this study was to investigate chronic anticonvulsant effects of agomelatine on penicillin-induced epilepsy model. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats divided into four groups and were administered with tap water (vehicle), and agomelatine doses of 10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg for 14 days via oral gavage. After the last doses were given, epileptic seizures were induced by intracortical penicillin (500 IU/2.5 μl) application in rats under urethane (1.25 g/kg intraperitoneal) anesthesia. Electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings were obtained from the somatomotor cortex through 90 min, and spike frequencies and amplitudes were analyzed. The spike frequency analyses revealed that only 50 mg/kg agomelatine administration decreased the spike frequencies of hypersynchronous discharge of neurons caused by penicillin (p < 0.05). No significant differences in amplitudes between experimental groups were observed. In addition, mRNA expressions of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) and vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter (VGAT) in response to the agomelatine active dose, 50 mg/kg, showed no significant effect of agomelatine on the mRNA expression. Our results indicate that chronic treatment with agomelatine may have potential anticonvulsant effects. Agomelatine may be a promising drug for epilepsy patients having depression due to its antiepileptic and antidepressant effects.
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