We report acute antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in 285 patients with COVID-19. Within 19 days after symptom onset, 100% of patients tested positive for antiviral immunoglobulin-G (IgG). ...Seroconversion for IgG and IgM occurred simultaneously or sequentially. Both IgG and IgM titers plateaued within 6 days after seroconversion. Serological testing may be helpful for the diagnosis of suspected patients with negative RT-PCR results and for the identification of asymptomatic infections.
Functional membranes generally wear out when applying in harsh conditions such as a strong acidic environment. In this work, high acid‐resistance, long‐lasting, and low‐cost functional membranes are ...prepared from engineered hydrogen‐bonding and pH‐responsive supramolecular nanoparticle materials. As a proof of concept, the prepared membranes for dehydration of alcohols are utilized. The synthesized membranes have achieved a separation factor of 3000 when changing the feed solution pH from 7 to 1. No previous reports have demonstrated such unprecedentedly high‐record separation performance (pervaporation separation index is around 1.1 × 107 g m−2 h−1). More importantly, the engineered smart membrane possesses fast self‐repairing ability (48 h) that is inherited from the dynamic hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of polyacrylic acid and carbonyl groups of polyvinylpyrrolidone. To this end, the designed supramolecular materials offer the membrane community a new material type for preparing high acid resistance and long‐lasting membranes for harsh environmental cleaning applications.
Size‐tunable hydrogen‐bond supramolecular nanoparticles are synthesized for separation membrane fabrication, which can work stably at pH = 1 condition and exhibit self‐repairing ability.
Graphene oxide (GO) has been considered as a promising material to develop advanced nanofiltration membranes to resolve the current worldwide water scarcity issue, benefiting from its extraordinary ...physicochemical properties. However, loose-GO-nanosheet-stacking rendered membrane compaction during operation significantly harms the mass transfer of GO membranes. Here, we proposed an ice-crystal templating approach to simultaneously tailor the two mass transfer channels of GO membranes, i.e., nanochannels originated from the interlayer spacing and microporous defects arising from poorly stacking of nanosheets. The tunability of the ice-crystal templating strategy was verified by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) coupled with X-ray diffraction patterns technique. The result demonstrated that the interlayer spacing can be precisely tuned from 7.5 to 9.3 Å while the volume of microporous defects can be adjusted from 2.9% to 24.6%. Thus, the optimized GO membrane (M2) was utilized for desalination of dye/NaCl mixtures and accomplished a high separation performance, for example, high water permeability of ∼22.6 LMH/bar (10-fold enhancement compared with traditional GO membranes), 100% rejection to EB dyes, 19% rejection to NaCl, and long-term running stability (180 h). Therefore, the innovative ice-crystal templating fabrication techniques opens the door for the design of high-efficiency 2D material-based membranes.
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Comprehensive Summary
A general and convenient photoredox‐catalyzed acylation and alkylcyanation of MBH acetates has been established, enabling the assembly of the C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond by a ...nitrogen‐centered radical strategy for the synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes in moderate to excellent chemical yields (48 examples in total). The reaction of MBH acetates with acyl (indanone) oxime esters afforded trisubstituted alkenes containing 1,4‐dicarbonyl groups. Interestingly, the use of Eosin Y as a photocatalyst in the catalytic system resulted in the formation of distal cyano group‐anchored trisubstituted alkenes via deconstructive functionalization of cycloketone oxime esters. Notably, these resulting 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds could be applied to late‐stage transformations, providing important methods for the synthesis of dihydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐one.
A general and convenient photoredox‐catalyzed acylation and alkylcyanation of MBH acetates has been established, enabling the assembly of the C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond by a nitrogen‐centered radical strategy for the synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes in moderate to excellent chemical yields (48 examples in total).
The present study aimed to identify risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and to develop and internally validate a predictive model for the risk of venous ...thrombosis.
We retrospectively collected data from 352 patients who visited our hospital to undergo PD from January 2018 to March 2022. The number of patients recruited was divided in an 8:2 ratio by using the random split method, with 80% of the patients serving as the training set and 20% as the validation set. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression model was used to optimize feature selection for the VTE risk model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to construct a prediction model by incorporating the features selected in the Lasso model. C-index, receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, and decision curve were used to assess the accuracy of the model, to calibrate the model, and to determine the clinical usefulness of the model. Finally, we evaluated the prediction model for internal validation.
The predictors included in the prediction nomogram were sex, age, gastrointestinal symptoms, hypertension, diabetes, operative method, intraoperative bleeding, blood transfusion, neutrophil count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AST/ALT), and total bilirubin (TBIL). The model showed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.827, had good consistency based on the calibration curve, and had an area under the ROC curve value of 0.822 (P < 0.001, 95%confidence interval:0.761-0.882). A high C-index value of 0.894 was reached in internal validation. Decision curve analysis showed that the VTE nomogram was clinically useful when intervention was decided at the VTE possibility threshold of 10%.
The novel model developed in this study is highly targeted and enables personalized assessment of VTE occurrence in patients who undergo PD. The predictors are easily accessible and facilitate the assessment of patients by clinical practitioners.
General and convenient visible-light-promoted alkylsulfonylation and cyanoalkylsulfonylation of MBH adducts have been developed through the multicomponent insertion of sulfur dioxide, enabling the ...assembly of two C–S bonds to generate structurally diverse allylic alkylsulfones (43 examples in total). The reaction of MBH adducts with potassium alkyltrifluoroborates and 1,4-diazabicyclo2.2.2octane bis(sulfur dioxide) adduct afforded sulfones with generally good yields. Notably, the addition of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine as a base into the photocatalytic system led to yielding an alkyl sulfonyl unit and cyano group-anchored trisubstituted alkenes by utilizing cycloketone oxime esters as C-radical precursors. Both of these reactions have constructed two C–S bonds, and all desired products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with complete stereospecificity.
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•Neonicotinoids bind to and activate G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER).•Neonicotinoids induce breast cancer cells migration via GPER in vitro.•Acetamiprid up-regulate 4T1 ...cells GPER mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner.•Acetamiprid promote breast cancer proliferation and migration via GPER in vivo.•GPER is a potential molecular target for the estrogenic disruption of neonicotinoids.
Neonicotinoid insecticides (NIs) have been widely detected in environmental media and human body with concentrations reaching hundreds of nanomolar to micromolar levels. However, the information about their human health toxicology and mechanism is deficient. Previous studies have implied that NIs might exert estrogenic disruption and promote breast cancer progression, but the molecular mechanism is unclear, especially the molecular initiating event. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), as a candidate therapeutic target, plays vital roles in the development of breast cancer. This work aimed to reveal the potential mechanism through GPER pathway. Firstly, we screened the activities of seven most common NIs on GPER signal pathway by calcium mobilization assay. Clothianidin, acetamiprid (ACE), and dinotefuran activated GPER most potently and ACE displayed the highest agonistic activity with the lowest observed effective concentration (LOEC) of 1 μM. The molecular docking and dynamics simulation showed favored interaction trend between the NIs and GPER. The three NIs with GPER activity induced 4T1 breast cancer cells migration and ACE showed the highest potency with LOEC of 100 nM. ACE also induced 4T1 cells proliferation at high concentration of 50 μM and up-regulated GPER expression in a dose-dependent manner. We speculated that both the induction effects of ACE on 4T1 cells proliferation and migration might be owing to the activation and up-regulation of GPER. By using 4T1-Luc cells injected orthotopic tumor model, we found that ACE also promoted in-situ breast cancer growth and lung metastasis in normal mouse dependent on GPER. However, ACE only promoted in-situ breast cancer growth through GPER but not lung metastasis in ovariectomized mice, implying that the ACE-induced lung metastasis should be related to endogenous estrogen from ovary. Overall, we demonstrated that NIs promoted breast cancer progression via GPER pathway at human related exposure levels and their female health risks need urgent concerns.
Graphene oxide (GO) membrane has been considered as a promising approach for harvesting pure water from various wastewater to deal with the current water shortage issue, arising from its distinctive ...2D channel features. However, the narrow interlayer distance (0.75 Å) of GO nanosheets hampers the utilization of GO membranes for dye wastewater treatment, which demands superior water permeance, high dyes rejection, and low salts rejection. Herein, an in-situ anchored nanoparticle strategy is designed to fabricate Fe(OH)3@GO membrane to enlarge the interlayer distance via the uniform distributed Fe(OH)3 nanoparticles. Benefiting from the in-situ transformation of Fe3+ into positively charged Fe(OH)3 nanoparticles, the interlayer distance of GO membranes can be tailored via changing the Fe: GO mass ratio and hydrolysis time. The optimized Fe(OH)3@GO membrane realizes a superior water permeance of ∼90.9 LMH/bar (∼19-fold enhancement compared with GO membranes), with >99% and <4% rejection to Evans blue (EB) and NaCl, respectively. Thus, the membrane can be applied for dye desalination and can be stably running for 85 h. Considering the facile and efficient 2D channel tunability, our strategy provides an innovative approach for construction of high-performance 2D membranes.
An in-situ anchored nanoparticle strategy was proposed to construct uniformly intercalated GO-based membranes, showing great potential in dye desalination application, achieving a water permeance of 90.9 LMH/bar with outstanding stability. Display omitted
•An in-situ anchored nanoparticle strategy was proposed to construct uniformly intercalated Fe(OH)3@GO membranes.•The interlayer distance of GO membranes can be tailored via changing the Fe: GO mass ratio and hydrolysis time.•The optimized Fe(OH)3@GO membrane afforded a water permeance of 90.9 LMH/bar.•The optimized Fe(OH)3@GO membrane can be applied for dye desalination.
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Wind power is a promising electricity source. Nevertheless, wind turbine blade icing can cause severe problems in turbine operation. In this study, SiO2 spherical nanoparticles ...(∼90 nm), produced by RF (radio frequency) plasma spheroidization, were mixed with E51, PDMS, and ethyl acetate, and sprayed on the surface of aluminum plates and regular power windmill fan blades which were already coated with polyurethane primer. XPS and IR spectroscopies revealed the development of SiC and SiPh (Ph = phenolic ring) bonds, whose formation should be favored by the ultrasound and curing processes at 50 °C. The integrity of the coating/substrate interface, whose strength is ascribed to hydrogen bonds, was maintained after 100 icing-melting cycles. The coatings display superhydrophobic behavior and excellent anti-icing performance, along with stability in abrasion, sunlight and self-cleaning ability towards solid pollutants.
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