The KamLAND experiment has determined a precise value for the neutrino oscillation parameter Deltam21(2) and stringent constraints on theta12. The exposure to nuclear reactor antineutrinos is ...increased almost fourfold over previous results to 2.44 x 10(32) proton yr due to longer livetime and an enlarged fiducial volume. An undistorted reactor nuovere energy spectrum is now rejected at >5sigma. Analysis of the reactor spectrum above the inverse beta decay energy threshold, and including geoneutrinos, gives a best fit at Deltam21(2)=7.58(-0.13)(+0.14)(stat) -0.15+0.15(syst) x 10(-5) eV2 and tan2theta12=0.56(-0.07)+0.10(stat) -0.06+0.10(syst). Local Deltachi2 minima at higher and lower Deltam21(2) are disfavored at >4sigma. Combining with solar neutrino data, we obtain Deltam21(2)=7.59(-0.21)+0.21 x 10(-5) eV2 and tan2theta12=0.47(-0.05)+0.06.
Research and development are being undertaken for possible future plans of KamLAND. Electronics, the liquid scintillator, and the photodetectors are targets of modifications and improvements, aiming ...at further low-background and high-sensitivity neutrino physics.
Abstract Background There is evidence of benefits from psycho-educational groups in the compliance of patients undergoing complex procedures. Psycho-educational groups provide information, elucide ...doubts and realities, fade out fantasies, and help lessen patients’ anxieties, thus minimizing the chances of complications or irregular behavior. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an interdisciplinary orientation group for pretransplantation preparation for pancreas/pancreas–kidney grafting. Materials and Methods All patients and their accompanying persons who attended information groups from February to August 2005 completed a questionnaire with 15 relevant items about the transplantation process. The efficiency of the orientation group was evaluated according to the percentage of correct answers before and after attending the group. Results Twenty-seven subjects were evaluated demonstrating an increased number of right answers in 78% of the evaluated items after group attendance. An important improvement was observed in the following items: function of serum sent to the Central Laboratory; serum replacement period; kind of renal donor; blood transfusion; using medicaments; and how often should the patient return for an appointment with the surgeon within the first month. Further items such as surgery risks, using immunosuppressive drugs, and forgetting the medication showed 100% correct answers before and after attending the group. Conclusions Results suggest that the pretransplantation orientation group is an efficient way to provide information. Applying a knowledge verification questionnaire before and after the group helps to understand the difficulties of participants, thereby guiding the team and elucidating questions that need more consideration.
Radioactive isotopes produced through cosmic muon spallation are a background for rare-event detection in nu detectors, double-beta-decay experiments, and dark-matter searches. Understanding the ...nature of cosmogenic backgrounds is particularly important for future experiments aiming to determine the pep and CNO solar neutrino fluxes, for which the background is dominated by the spallation production of {sup 11}C. Data from the Kamioka liquid-scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) provides valuable information for better understanding these backgrounds, especially in liquid scintillators, and for checking estimates from current simulations based upon MUSIC, FLUKA, and GEANT4. Using the time correlation between detected muons and neutron captures, the neutron production yield in the KamLAND liquid scintillator is measured to be Y{sub n}=(2.8+-0.3)x10{sup -4} mu{sup -1} g{sup -1} cm{sup 2}. For other isotopes, the production yield is determined from the observed time correlation related to known isotope lifetimes. We find some yields are inconsistent with extrapolations based on an accelerator muon beam experiment.
A novel magnetic printing technique with a lithographically patterned master disk, which writes servo patterns onto a magnetic medium (slave disk), has been proposed. We discuss optimum conditions of ...the magnetic printing process by analyzing waveforms of signals experimentally retrieved from a hard disk drive medium. The waveforms observed at different dc magnetic fields applied to the master and slave disks during the printing process are well explained by computer simulation using a finite element method.
A 1 W class step-down micro-DC/DC converter that integrates a (4 mm/spl times/4 mm) planar inductor on a (4 mm/spl times/5 mm) power IC has been fabricated. The converter operation was stable at 3 ...MHz switching, achieving a power density of 5.6 W/cm/sup 3/ and a converter efficiency of approximately 80%.
A novel magnetic printing technique designed for perpendicular hard-disk media using a lithographically formed master disk was satisfactorily demonstrated. In this paper, optimum conditions for the ...magnetic printing process are discussed by analyzing the waveforms of signals experimentally retrieved from the printed media and by numerical simulation using a finite element method.
This paper describes the fabrication process of a planar coil which can carry a current density of 1000 A mm
−2 or more. The fabrication process includes platinum nuclei deposition by sputtering, ...formation of a polyimide mould by photolithography, and copper film deposition by electroless plating and electroplating. An electromagnetic motor is assembled by combining a planar coil fabricated by the present method and a sputtered NdFeB magnet 25 μm in thickness. This motor can be driven at 10 000 rpm with a current of 0.117 A.
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