Using two longitudinal panel datasets of Chinese manufacturing firms, we assess whether state ownership benefits or impedes firms' innovation. We show that state ownership in an emerging economy ...enables a firm to obtain crucial R& D resources but makes the firm less efficient in using those resources to generate innovation, and we find that a minority state ownership is an optimal structure for innovation development in this context. Moreover, the inefficiency of state ownership in transforming R& D input into innovation output decreases when industrial competition is high, as well as for start-up firms. Our findings integrate the efficiency logic (agency theory), which views state ownership as detrimental to innovation, and institutional logic, which notes that governments in emerging economies have critical influences on regulatory policies and control over scarce resources. We discuss the implications of these findings for research on state ownership and firm innovation in emerging economies.
External networks provide important knowledge sources of innovation for firms. Drawing on social network theory, this study examines how technological diversity in supplier network influences a focal ...buyer firm's innovation. The results from a survey of 202 Chinese manufacturing firms and their supplier networks reveal that novel information sharing partially mediates the effect of technological diversity in supplier network on buyer firms’ new product creativity. The positive effect of technological diversity is enhanced by buyer–supplier relational strength but inhibited by supplier network density; competitive intensity positively moderates this effect, and technological turbulence negatively moderates it. These findings provide novel insights into how buyer firms can use their supplier networks to enhance product innovation.
Historical relations between countries bring important explanatory power for foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions, yet little is known on whether a home–host country relation exhibits ...heterogeneous effects on FDI across the country’s subnational regions. In this study, we examine the long-term impact of historical conflict on FDI location choices and performance. Using a sample of 8,646 Japanese FDI in China, we show that civilian casualties in different provinces of China during the Second Sino–Japanese War exert deterring effects on Japanese FDI location choices. Furthermore, we demonstrate that civilian casualties negatively affect Japanese FDI performance and political capital accumulation strategies, in the forms of excessive tax payment and local employment, can reduce this negative effect. This study contributes to the discussion on how within-country differences of historical factors affect FDI location decisions and performance. The findings on firms’political capital accumulation strategies also provide important implications for FDI operation in an environment characterized by historical animosity.
Our study focuses on the
internal process
through which market orientation influences performance in export markets, and develops a model of market orientation–marketing capabilities–competitive ...advantages–performance relationships. Using survey data of 491 export ventures based in China, we find that marketing capabilities mediate the market orientation–performance relationship, while competitive advantages partially mediate the marketing capabilities–performance relationship. Moreover, coordination mechanism strengthens, and cost leadership strategy weakens, the effects of market orientation on new product development and marketing communication capabilities, respectively. Market turbulence attenuates the effect of market orientation on new product development capability while competitive intensity strengthens this effect.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the performance impact of foreign ventures' exploration and exploitation strategies in emerging markets. Exploration and exploitation represent key ...strategic choices and have been extensively studied in the context of domestic markets. Yet the implication of such innovation strategies for foreign ventures operating in emerging markets has been under-researched. We aim to investigate whether foreign ventures can realize the value of exploration and exploitation strategies in emerging markets and also the moderating role of marketing capability and operation flexibility to enable the implementation process.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts the hierarchical moderated regression approach using a sample of foreign ventures operating in high-tech manufacturing industries in China.FindingsThe authors find that both exploration and exploitation have positive effects on firms' financial performance. Marketing capability strengthens the performance impact of exploration, but exhibits no such impact of exploitation. Moreover, operation flexibility positively moderates the effects of both exploration and exploitation on performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides important insights into whether foreign ventures can boost performance through exploration and exploitation strategies in emerging markets as well as the implementation-level factors that can facilitate such positive effects.Originality/valueThe study is novel in revealing the moderating role of marketing capability and operation flexibility in facilitating the performance outcome of exploration and exploitation strategies.
Concurrent sourcing is critical to multinational firms’ operations in emerging economies, such as China. Despite its prominence, research is lacking on the underlying conditions and performance ...implications of this strategy. We investigate the driving factors of multinational firms’ concurrent sourcing strategy and test whether concurrent sourcing outperforms other types of sourcing strategies. Our empirical findings suggest that multinational firms tend to choose concurrent sourcing under high levels of institutional regulations. Furthermore, the results show that concurrent sourcing generates better performance at high levels of uncertainties and the performance deficiency of concurrent sourcing can be mitigated when institutional regulations are high.
Two alternative approaches for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) exist for patients unsuitable for the transfemoral approach; the transapical and the transaortic approaches. It is ...unclear as to which approach has superior short-term outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to answer this question. Mortality was equivalent in the 2 groups. There was a trend toward a lower rate of stroke in the transaortic group (0.9% vs 2.1%) but this was not statistically significant. Conversion to surgical aortic valve replacement, paravalvular leak, pacemaker requirement, and major bleeding occurred at equivalent rates.
Objectives This study aims to assess the mid- to long-term follow-up of patients after valve embolization at the time of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Background Transcatheter heart ...valve (THV) embolization is a rare but serious complication during TAVI. Although various techniques have been developed to manage acute complications and reduce periprocedural morbidity/mortality, long-term clinical and hemodynamic consequences after these events are unknown. Methods Patients who developed THV embolization after TAVI were prospectively assessed. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were recorded at baseline and after successful TAVI/surgical aortic valve replacement. The THV migration and strut fractures/degeneration were assessed by computed tomography. Results A total of 7 patients had THV embolization, all of which occurred immediately after valve deployment. The embolized THV was repositioned in the aortic arch proximal to the left subclavian artery (n = 2), immediately distal to the left subclavian artery (n = 2), and in the abdominal aorta (n = 3). A second THV was implanted successfully at the same sitting in 4 patients and at the time of a second procedure in 2 patients. Elective conventional aortic valve replacement was performed in 1 patient. Median follow-up was 1,085 days. One patient died during follow-up from an unrelated cause. The remaining 6 survivors were in New York Heart Association functional class I or II at final follow-up. Mid-term computed tomography follow-up (n = 4,591 to 1,548 days) showed that the leaflets of the embolized THV remain open in all phases of the cardiac cycle. There was also no strut fracture or migration of these valves. Conclusions Clinical outcomes remain good when THV embolization is managed effectively. There are no apparent hemodynamic consequences of a second valve placed in the series. These embolized valves remain in a stable position with no evidence of strut fractures at mid-term follow-up.
This study examines the roles of strategic orientations (i.e., customer, competitor, and technology) in a transitional economy, China. On the basis of a cross-industry sample of 408 brands, we find ...that the effects of customer and technology orientations on business performance are contingent on the competitive environment. Specifically, as market demand becomes increasingly uncertain, the effect of a customer orientation on performance turns from positive to negative. Meanwhile, the impact of a technology orientation on performance changes from negative to positive with an increasing level of technological turbulence. However, a competitor orientation has a positive and robust effect on business performance, regardless of whether competition is low or intense.
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