The MeGolS5 promoter fragment (1492 bp) was amplified from the genomic DNA of Manihot esculenta Crantz by inverse polymerase chain reaction. Promoter sequence analysis by PLACE and PlantCARE showed ...that the cloned fragment contained several putative cis-elements, such as abscisic acid response element (ABRE), heat shock elements (HSE), as well as TATA-Box and CAAT-Box. The expression prfile of MeGolS5 shows that the gene is induced by several abiotic stresses, such as salt, drought, H2O2 and ABA.
A direct analysis approach for plant
in vitro
cultures, namely, high speed homogenization coupled with cavitation-accelerated extraction (HSH-CAE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass ...spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), was developed for the simultaneous determination of six astragalosides and five isoflavonoids in
Astragalus membranaceus
hairy root cultures (AMHRCs). In comparison to reported Soxhlet extraction (SE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) methods, the proposed sample preparation procedure (HSH-CAE) offers significant improvements with regard to simplicity in operation (elimination of biomass drying and grinding), high efficiency, enhanced yield and green aspects in terms of saving energy cost and minimizing the generation of waste. In addition, the HSH-CAE mechanism was clarified
via
cytohistological studies of samples at cellular/tissular levels. Moreover, the established LC-MS/MS method provided linearity with correlation coefficients above 0.9991, limit of detections (LODs) below 1.77 ng mL
−1
, relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 6.01%, and recoveries above 96.84%. Furthermore, the proposed HSH-CAE-LC-MS/MS method was also successfully applied for screening high-productive AMHRCs. Overall, this study opened up a new avenue for the direct determination of secondary metabolic profiles from fresh plant
in vitro
cultures, which was valuable for improving the quality control of plant cell/organ cultures and shed light on the metabolomics analysis from biological samples.
HSH-CAE-LC-MS/MS opened up a new avenue for the direct determination of secondary metabolic profiles from fresh plant
in vitro
cultures.
Rechallenge chemotherapy with pemetrexed was shown to be efficient in malignant pleural mesothelioma; however, its role in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been investigated. In this study, ...we retrospectively enrolled 31 patients with non-squamous NSCLC who had achieved disease control with initial pemetrexed treatment, followed by rechallenge with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy (PBC) upon disease progression. After the rechallenge, 5 patients (16.1%) achieved partial remission (PR), 17 (54.8%) achieved stable disease (SD) and 9 (29.1%) experienced progressive disease. The treatment was generally well tolerated, with a low rate of toxicity. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.8 months with the rechallenge. Patients with a PFS of ≥10 months with initial PBC exhibited longer PFS and overall survival (OS) with the rechallenge compared to those with a PFS of <10 months with initial PBC (PFS: 6.2±0.33 vs. 3.1±0.26 months, respectively; P=0.011; and OS, 19.8±3.2 vs. 9.2±1.1 months, respectively; P=0.005). The time from the termination of initial PBC to disease progression was also associated with survival after the rechallenge. However, the response to initial PBC (PR vs. SD) did not affect PFS after the rechallenge. No significant differences were observed in thymidylate synthase expression, echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene fusion, or epithelial growth factor receptor mutation status between pemetrexed-sensitive and pemetrexed-resistant patients. Our results demonstrated that rechallenge with PBC was well tolerated and survival after the rechallenge was associated with survival during initial PBC. Therefore, patients with a PFS of ≥10 months or time-to-disease progression ≥3 months may be considered as candidates for pemetrexed rechallenge.
Abstract
In the article (DOI:
10.1002/inf2.12475
), Yao Xiao and co‐workers report an oxide cathode material of Na
0.6
Mn
0.95
Mg
0.05
O
2
with layered/tunnel intergrowth structure, which exhibits ...superior Na
+
storage performance, offering new opportunities for realizing high‐energy‐density and long‐cycle‐life sodium‐ion batteries.
image
In order to explore the pathogenic mechanisms of cerebral senescence and its possible effective acupuncture therapy, we applied cDNA array technique to study expression of the aging-related genes in ...hippocampus and acupuncture effect on them. SAMP10 and SAMR1 were selected and randomly divided into four groups: R1 control group, P10 control group, P10 acupuncture group and P10 pseudo-acupuncture group. The results showed that acupuncture not only could partly or completely reverse the effect of aging on hippocampal gene expression, but also influence some gene expression which were unrelated to aging. However, pseudo-acupuncture had some effect on aging-unrelated gene expression and little or no effect on aging-related genes. Therefore, we suspect that acupuncture points may have both therapeutic effect and “stress-inducing reaction”. Pseudo-acupuncture has only “responsiveness” without therapeutic effect.
A combination of moderate apparent viscosity, temperature resistance, and low damage is highly desired for fracturing fluids used in high-temperature reservoirs. The aim of this study is to achieve ...this combination by introducing inorganic nanolayered montmorillonite (MMT) to form a high-temperature-resistant and metallic-crosslinker-free intercalated nanocomposite fracturing fluid (GMN). The exfoliated MMT was uniformly dispersed and connected with polymer chains of guar gum to form a highly three-dimensional cross-linked network, which resulted in increased apparent viscosity and viscoelasticity of GMN compared with the guar gum fracturing fluid. Temperature resistance tests and thermogravimetric analyses demonstrated that the nanofiller enhanced the thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites, and this was attributed to three effects, including high chemical bond energies, heat barriers and minimization of chain free volumes in MMT. In the absence of a metallic crosslinker and temperature stabilizer, the resistance temperature of the GMN fracturing fluid reached 160 °C, a 40 °C enhancement compared to that of the guar gum fracturing fluid. Moreover, the GMN fracturing fluid were easily broken and exhibited a 10.34% damage rate to provide the desired fracture conductivity. It was concluded that layered MMT effectively improved the temperature resistance of guar gum fracturing fluid and exhibited great potential for use in high-temperature reservoirs.
Display omitted
•A high-temperature-resistant fracturing fluid based on guar gum/montmorillonite nanocomposite (GMN) was prepared.•The two-dimensional reinforcement of layered-montmorillonite significantly improved the temperature resistance of GMN over 40 °C.•The metallic-crosslinker-free GMN fracturing fluid completely satisfied the request of high temperature reservoir over 150 °C.•The GMN fracturing fluid could be broken easily and the core damage was 10.34% without heavy metal pollution.
Signal Generator Design Based on the FPGA Mao, Zhong Fa; Gong, Jian Chun; Zhou, Deng Rong ...
Applied Mechanics and Materials,
07/2013, Letnik:
333-335
Journal Article
Recenzirano
this paper introduces an output method of arbitrary waveform signal on the FPGA by uses DDS principle. Arbitrary waveform dates produced by the upper machine are downloaded to the waveform RAM of the ...DDS through the serial port, and realize the control of frequency and phase by using single-chip microcomputer. The upper machine with using LabWindows/CVI software design, realizes arbitrary waveform output.
The basic approach of generating arbitrary waveform is the digital synthesis method. Appling this method, one first samples and quantifies a period of the signal waveform to be generized, memorizes ...the obtained binary waveform data in a memory, and then reads it via hardware circuit in certain sequence, converts the data via digital-to-analog (DA) circuit, finally output the analog waveform through a filter. In this work, an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) is designed based on the theory of direct digital synthesis (DDS) 1-7 and on the analysis of the performance of the output signal. The design uses a field programmable-gate-array (FPGA) 3 chip to utilize the AWG. The preset and display of the output frequency and phase are controlled by a micro computer unit (MCU). The artribary waveform data can be downloaded and updated from a communication interface. The AWG can produce a high-resolution arbitrary waveform. The dissertation focuses on hardware circuit design, which has been accomplished, including power supply module, MCU system, high-speed DA converter, and filter, etc. The experimental prototype of the AWG has been made and tested systemly.At the end of the dissertation, the measurement result of the system is given and its error is analyzed. It is shown the AWG can output a sine wave, a triangle wave, a sawteeth wave, or a square wave within the frequency range from 0.01Hz to 15MHz with the step of 10mHz, or output an arbitrary waveform within the range from 0.01Hz to 20kHz.
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