ABSTRACT
Research on subjective well‐being suggests that it is only partly a function of environmental circumstances. There may be a personality characteristic or a resilient disposition toward ...experiencing high levels of well‐being even in unfavorable circumstances. Adult attachment may contribute to this resilient disposition. This study examined whether the association between attachment anxiety and subjective well‐being was mediated by Neff's (2003a, 2003b) concept of self‐compassion. It also examined empathy toward others as a mediator in the association between attachment avoidance and subjective well‐being. In Study 1, 195 college students completed self‐report surveys. In Study 2, 136 community adults provided a cross‐validation of the results. As expected, across these 2 samples, findings suggested that self‐compassion mediated the association between attachment anxiety and subjective well‐being, and emotional empathy toward others mediated the association between attachment avoidance and subjective well‐being.
The structure of the matrix elements of the energy–momentum tensor play an important role in determining the properties of the form factors A(q2), B(q2) and C(q2) which appear in the Lorentz ...covariant decomposition of the matrix elements. In this paper we apply a rigorous frame-independent distributional-matching approach to the matrix elements of the Poincaré generators in order to derive constraints on these form factors as q→0. In contrast to the literature, we explicitly demonstrate that the vanishing of the anomalous gravitomagnetic moment B(0) and the condition A(0)=1 are independent of one another, and that these constraints are not related to the specific properties or conservation of the individual Poincaré generators themselves, but are in fact a consequence of the physical on-shell requirement of the states in the matrix elements and the manner in which these states transform under Poincaré transformations.
The internalization of the Strong Black Woman (SBW) schema is associated with negative psychological outcomes. However, not much is known about the mechanisms through which this schema leads to poor ...health. We examined the direct associations between the SBW schema and depression, anxiety, and loneliness. We also tested four mediators—maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion, and two Africultural coping strategies of collective coping and spiritual coping—between the schema and psychological outcomes. Moreover, we examined serial mediation effects. A total of 222 African American women participated in an online survey. Structural equation modeling was conducted, and after controlling for age, family income, and level of education, the direct associations were supported, and the mediator roles of maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion, and collective coping but not spiritual coping were supported. For serial mediation effects, the SBW schema was first positively associated with maladaptive perfectionism, which was associated with low self-compassion and low use of collective coping, which in turn were correlated with negative psychological outcomes. Racial, economic, and structural inequalities that maintain the SBW schema need to be examined and removed. Clinical interventions should focus on reducing maladaptive perfectionism and increasing self-compassion and collective coping among those who have internalized the schema. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198
We prove the Lorentz invariance of the angular momentum conservation law and the helicity sum rule for relativistic composite systems in the light-front formulation. We explicitly show that j3, the ...z-component of the angular momentum remains unchanged under Lorentz transformations generated by the light-front kinematical boost operators. The invariance of j3 under Lorentz transformations is a feature unique to the front form. Applying the Lorentz invariance of the angular quantum number in the front form, we obtain a selection rule for the orbital angular momentum which can be used to eliminate certain interaction vertices in QED and QCD. We also generalize the selection rule to any renormalizable theory and show that there exists an upper bound on the change of orbital angular momentum in scattering processes at any fixed order in perturbation theory.
Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) sporadically transit into an early embryonic-like state characterized by the expression of 2-cell (2C) stage-restricted transcripts. Here, we identify a maternal ...factor-negative elongation factor A (NELFA)-whose heterogeneous expression in mouse ESCs is coupled to 2C gene upregulation and expanded developmental potential in vivo. We show that NELFA partners with Top2a in an interaction specific to the 2C-like state, and that it drives the expression of Dux-a key 2C regulator. Accordingly, loss of NELFA and/or Top2a suppressed Dux activation. Further characterization of 2C-like cells uncovered reduced glycolytic activity; remarkably, mere chemical suppression of glycolysis was sufficient to promote a 2C-like fate, obviating the need for genetic manipulation. Global chromatin state analysis on NELFA-induced cells revealed decommissioning of ESC-specific enhancers, suggesting ESC-state impediments to 2C reversion. Our study positions NELFA as one of the earliest drivers of the 2C-like state and illuminates factors and processes that govern this transition.
Objectives
Self-compassion may play a role in protecting one’s self-efficacy in the face of failures. While research suggests a positive association between self-compassion and self-efficacy, the ...current study represents the first meta-analytic analysis of this association. Potential moderators including age, publication type, and sample type were also explored.
Methods
Random-effects models were used to estimate the average effect size (ES) for the associations between self-compassion total score and self-efficacy and between self-compassion subscales and self-efficacy across 60 studies providing a total of 109 effect sizes.
Results
Results showed a positive association between self-compassion total score and self-efficacy (
r
= .35), positive associations between self-compassion positive subscales and self-efficacy, and negative associations between self-compassion negative subscales and self-efficacy. Results also revealed that the associations between self-compassion subscales and self-efficacy were larger in non-students than in students, and in published studies versus unpublished studies.
Conclusions
Clinical interventions that cultivate self-compassion may be conducive to one’s sense of self-efficacy.
A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the role of adult diet on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Taiwan.
A total of 375 incident NPC cases and 327 controls matched to the cases on sex, age, ...and residence were recruited between July 1991 and December 1994. A structured questionnaire inquiring complete dietary history, socio-demographic characteristics, and other potential confounding factors was used in the personal interview. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR(adj)) with 95% confidence interval (CI) after accounting for known risk factors.
Fresh fish (OR(adj), 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38-0.83 for the highest vs. lowest tertile of intake), green tea (OR(adj), 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40-0.91 for drinking ≥1 times/week vs. never) and coffee (OR(adj), 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37-0.85 for drinking ≥0.5 times/week vs. never) were inversely associated with the NPC risk. No association with NPC risk was observed for the intake of meats, salted fish, fresh vegetables, fruits and milk. Intake of vitamin A from plant sources was associated with a decreased NPC risk (OR(adj), 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41-0.94 for the highest vs. lowest tertile).
The study findings suggest that certain adult dietary patterns might protect against the development of NPC.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The association between gratefulness and well-being is well established; however, few studies have examined the mechanisms that underlie this association. The broaden-and-build theory (Fredrickson, ...1998, 2001) posits that positive emotions broaden individuals' momentary thought-action repertoires, which serve to build personal resources that can be drawn upon during future stressful encounters. Based on this theory, the current study examined whether gratefulness, a positive emotion, would build social and cognitive resources in terms of social connectedness and presence of meaning in life (i.e., mediators), which subsequently contribute to subjective well-being (SWB). A total of 232 students participated in an online survey at 2 different time points (3 months apart). The mediational hypothesis was tested by latent change score analyses using structural equation modeling techniques. The results showed that changes in gratefulness predicted changes in social connectedness and presence of meaning in life, which, in turn, predicted changes in SWB. The study's findings provided further support for the broaden-and-build theory and suggested that gratefulness is an important positive emotion that contributes to SWB through increased social connectedness and a greater presence of meaning in life.
Public Significance Statement
This study aimed to explore how gratefulness is linked to well-being. Our findings suggest that gratefulness increases a sense of social connectedness as well as presence of meaning in life, which, in turn, are associated with greater well-being.
The gluon and charm content of the deuteron Brodsky, Stanley J.; Chiu, Kelly Yu-Ju; Lansberg, Jean-Philippe ...
Physics letters. B,
08/2018, Letnik:
783, Številka:
C
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We evaluate the frame-independent gluon and charm parton-distribution functions (PDFs) of the deuteron utilizing light-front quantization and the impulse approximation. We use a nuclear wave function ...obtained from solving the nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation with the realistic Argonne v18 nuclear force, which we fold with the proton PDF. The predicted gluon distribution in the deuteron (per nucleon) is a few percent smaller than that of the proton in the domain xbj=Q22pN⋅q∼0.4, whereas it is strongly enhanced for xbj larger than 0.6. We discuss the applicability of our analysis and comment on how to extend it to the kinematic limit xbj→2. We also analyze the charm distribution of the deuteron within the same approach by considering both the perturbatively and non-perturbatively generated (intrinsic) charm contributions. In particular, we note that the intrinsic-charm content in the deuteron will be enhanced due to 6-quark “hidden-color” QCD configurations.
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