The complete mitochondrial genome of an orb-weaving spider Araneus ventricosus was determined. It is a circular molecule of 14,617 bp in length and contains a standard set of 13 protein-coding genes, ...2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs and a control region. The A + T content of the overall base composition of majority strand (J-strand) is 73.4% (T: 38.5%; C: 10.1%; A: 34.9%; G: 16.5%). Among protein-coding genes, one gene (COI) begins with TTA, two (ATP6 and ND4) start with ATA, three (COII, COIII and ND6) begin with ATT and other seven genes use ATT as initiation codon. COIII and ND3 end with an incomplete stop codon (T), and ND1, ND2 and Cytb are terminated with TAG, while all other genes end with TAA as stop codon. Two regions including tandem repeats were found in the control region (D-loop): a 106 bp sequence tandemly repeated twice and a 195 bp sequence tandemly repeated twice with a partial third (120 bp).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The complete mitochondrial genome of a wolf spider Pirata subpiraticus was determined. It is a circular molecule of 14,528 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 21 ...transfer RNAs (tRNA
Gly
is lost) and a control region. The A + T content of the overall base composition of majority strand (J-strand) is 75.6% (T: 42.0%; C: 8.6%; A:33.6%; G: 15.8%). Among protein-coding genes, one genes (COIII) start with TTG, four genes (ND1, ND2, ATP8 and Cytb) begin with ATT and other eight genes use ATA as initiation codon. ND2 and Cytb are terminated with TAG as stop codon, while all other genes end with TAA. Three isolated sequences repeat regions (212 bp) were found in the A+T-rich region (D-loop).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
According to analyzing the datum of the leakage currents from both perfect and faulty insulators that are at the state of various dirtiness, humidity, and temperature, and are applied non-sinusoidal ...voltages at different virtual values, three results are obtained. First, the bispectrum of the leakage current from contaminated insulator is mostly related to insulator; not to dirtiness. Bispectrum is the eigenvalue sensitive to distinguishing between perfect and faulty insulators. Secondly, a three-dimensional vector, which consists of the v of bispectrum, Shannon entropy, and wave crest factor, can divide all the insulators into two not only non-overlapping but far apart regions. One is the region of perfect insulators. The other is the region of faulty insulators. Thirdly, using above a three-dimensional vector as input vector, any of three classifiers, Euclide distance judgment, grey relational analysis of B-mode, and BP artificial neural network, can exactly distinguish between perfect and faulty insulators at various dirtiness, humidity, temperature and the virtual values of the voltage involving harmonics.
Introduction： An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. However, targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully ...evaluated. This study aimed to detect targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations in NPC and to determine which targeted therapy might be potentially effective in treating NPC. Methods： By using the SNaPshot assay, a rapid detection method, 19 mutation hotspots in 6 targeted therapy-related oncogenes were examined in 70 NPC patients. The associations between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic factors were analyzed. Results： Among 70 patients, 12 （1 7.1%） had mutations in 5 oncogenes： 7 （10.0%） had v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog （KIT） mutation, 2 （2.8%） had epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） mutation, 1 （1.4%） had phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha （PIK3CA） mutation, 1 （IA%） had Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog （KRAS） mutation, and 1（1.4%） had simultaneous EGFB and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog BI （BRAF） mutations. No significant differences were observed between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic characteristics. Additionally, these oncogenic mutations were not associated with tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions： Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC patients. The efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.
Background & Aims: Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and transdifferentiation-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, which both contribute to ...cirrhosis. However, no antifibrotic regimen is available in the clinic. microRNA-23b/27b/24-1 cluster inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling during hepatic development prompted us to explore whether this cluster inhibits HSC activation and hepatic fibrosis. Methods: Experimental fibrosis was studied in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated C57BL/6 mice. After administration of miR-23b/27b/24-1 lentivirus or vehicle, animals were euthanized for liver histology. In primary rat HSC and HSC-T6, the anti-fibrotic effect of miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster was furtherly investigated by RNA-sequencing, luciferase reporter assay, western blotting and bioinformatic means. Results: In this study, we showed that increasing the miR-23b/27b/24-1 level through intravenous delivery of miR-23b/27b/24-1 lentivirus ameliorated mouse hepatic fibrosis. Mechanistically, the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster directly targeted messenger RNAs, which reduced the protein expression of 5 secretory profibrotic genes (TGF-β2, Gremlin1, LOX, Itgα2, and Itgα5) in HSCs. Suppression of the TGF-β signaling pathway by down-regulation of TGF-β2, Itgα2, and Itgα5, and activation of the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway by inhibition of Gremlin1, decreased extracellular matrix secretion of HSCs. Furthermore, down-regulation of LOX expression softened the ECM. Moreover, a reduction in tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 expression owing to weakened TGF-β signaling increased ECM degradation. Conclusions: Hepatic overexpression of the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster blocked hepatic fibrosis and may be a novel therapeutic regimen for patients with hepatic fibrosis.
The combination of 1,3-dichloropropene＋dimethyl disulfide （1,3-D＋DMDS）, which forms a pre-plant soil fumigant, can provide a substitute for the environmentally unfriendly methyl bromide （MB）. Three ...greenhouse trials were performed to evaluate the root-knot nematode and soilborne fungi control efficacy in the suburbs of Beijing in China in 2010-2014. Randomized blocks with three replicates were designed in each trial. The combination of 1,3-D＋DMDS （10＋30 g m-2） significantly controlled Meloidogyne incognita, effectively suppressed the infestation of Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora spp., and successfully provided high commercial fruit yields （equal to MB but higher than 1,3-D or DMDS）. The fumigant soil treatments were significantly better than the untreated controls. These results indicate that 1,3-D＋DMDS soil treatments can be applied by soil injection or chemigation as a promising MB alternative against soilborne pests in cucumber in China.
AIM： TO examine whether 2＇-5＇oligoadenylate synthetase （OAS） gene promoter can be specifically activated by hepatitis C virus （HCV）-core protein. METHODS： Human embryo hepatic cell line L02 was ...transfected with pcDNA3.1-core plasmid and selected by G418. Expression of HCV-core was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The OAS promoter sequence was amplified from the genomic DNA and inserted into pGL3-basic vector. The resultant pGL3-OAS-Luci plasmid was transiently transfected into L02/core cells and luciferase activity was assayed. I~ESULTS： L02/core cell line stably expressing HCV- core protein was established. The pGL3-OAS-Luci construct exhibited significant transcriptional activity in the L02/core cells but not in the L02 cells. CONCLUSION： HCV-core protein activates the OAS gene promoter specifically and effectively. Utilization of OAS gene promoter would be an ideal strategy for developing HCV-specific gene therapy.
2,4-dinitrophenol （DNP）, an organic compound which frequently used in industry, is considered to have high toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the early changes of lymphocyte subpopulations in ...patients with occupational 2,4-DNP poisoning. Totally 9 patients with acute occupational 2,4-DNP poisoning and 30 healthy volunteers as control were enrolled. The patients received immediately comprehensive supportive treatments, including large-dose glucocorticoid and repeated hemoperfusion （HP）. The ratio of CD4＋/CD8＋ T cells were significantly higher in patients upon admission compared to healthy controls （P 〈 0.01）; however, counts of total lymphocytes, CD3＋, CD3＋CD4＋, CD3＋CD8＋, B （CD19＋）, and natural killer （NK） cells （CD16＋CD56＋） were significantly reduced （all P 〈 0.001）. The NK cell count was negatively correlated with initial plasma 2,4-DNP concentration （r = -0.750, P = 0.026）. Thus, acute occupational 2,4-DNP poisoning was accompanied by immediate complex immune cell reactions, especially NK cells might play important role in severe 2,4-DNP poisoning.
Fractures in oil and gas reservoirs have been the topic of many studies and have attracted reservoir research all over the world. Because of the complexities of the fractures, it is difficult to use ...fractured reservoir core samples to investigate true underground conditions. Due to the diversity of the fracture parameters, the simulation and evaluation of fractured rock in the laboratory setting is also difficult. Previous researchers have typically used a single material, such as resin, to simulate fractures. There has been a great deal of simplifying of the materials and conditions, which has led to disappointing results in application. In the present study, sandstone core samples were selected and sectioned to simulate fractures, and the changes of the compressional and shear waves were measured with the gradual increasing of the fracture width. The effects of the simulated fracture width on the acoustic wave velocity and amplitude were analyzed. Two variables were defined: H represents the amplitude attenuation ratio of the compressional and shear wave, and x represents the transit time difference value of the shear wave and compressional wave divided by the transit time of the compressional wave. The effect of fracture width on these two physical quantities was then analyzed. Finally, the methods of quantitative evaluation for fracture width with H and x were obtained. The experimental results showed that the rock fractures linearly reduced the velocity of the shear and compressional waves. The effect of twin fractures on thecompressional velocity was almost equal to that of a single fracture which had the same fracture width as the sum of the twin fractures. At the same time, the existence of fractures led to acoustic wave amplitude attenuations, and the compressional wave attenuation was two times greater than that of the shear wave. In this paper, a method was proposed to calculate the fracture width with x and H, then this was applied to the array acoustic imaging logging data.The application examples showed that the calculated fracture width could be compared with fractures on the electric imaging logs. These rules were applied in the well logs to effectively evaluate the fractures, under the case of no image logs, which had significance to prospecting and development of oil and gas in fractured reservoirs.
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