Objective:To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of lithium chloride pretreatment on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(I-RI)in rats.Methods:A total of 60 SD rats were randomly ...divided into control group,model group,lithium chloride intervention group and L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group with 15 in each.The I-RI model was established in model group,the Utliium chloride intervention group and L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group by method of seaming along left anterior descending coronary artery myocardial,control group was only opened the chest without seaming,STelevation within 2 min was regarded as modeling success.Model group did not adopted any intervention,lithium chloride intervention group was treated with lithium chloride injection15 mg/kg by jugular venipuncture preoperatively,L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group was treated with intraperitoneal injection of 30mg·kg～(-1)·d～(-1)(L—arginine methyl ester 7 d before the test,and intravenous catheter of 15 mg/kg lithium chloride preoperatively.The hydroxybulyric acid dehydrogenase(HBDH),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)level and nitric oxide synthase(NOS)activites were tested.Each large area of myocardial ischemia tissue was extracted for determination of the MDA content,SOD activity in tissue and serum,and morphological changes of myocardial tissue.Results:SOD activity was highest in lithium chloride intervention group,followed by L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group,control group and model group(P<0.05);SOD activity was highest in L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group intervention group,followed by lithium chloride intervention group,control group and model group(P<0.05).MDA content of myocardial tissue was highest in model group,followed by L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group,the lithium chloride intervention group and control group(P<0.05);serum MDA content was highest in L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group,followed by model group,lithium chloride intervention group and control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,serum NOS was significantly higher in model group,lithium chloride intervention group and L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group(P<0.05),there was no statistical difference of serum NOS activity between the three groups(P>0.05);HBDH and CK-MB of plasma were highest in model group,followed by L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group,lithium chloride intervention group and control group(P<0.05).A significantly lighter myocardial damage was observed microscopically in lithium chloride intervention group than that in L-arginine methyl ester+lithium chloride intervention group and model group.Conclusions:lithium chloride pretreatment can significandy reduce the myocardial I-RI,maintain structure and function of myocardial cells,improve the antioxidant ability of myocardial tissue,play an effective role on protecting myocardial I-RI.
Aim： Carvacrol （2-methyl-5-isopropylphenol）, a phenolic monoterpene in the essential oils of the genera Origanum and Thymus, has been shown to exert a variety of therapeutic effects. Here we examined ...whether carvacrol protected neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against Fe2＋-induced apoptosis and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods： Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with Fe2＋ for 24 h, and the cell viability was assessed with CCK-8 assay. TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis were performed to evaluate cell apoptosis. The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-KB p65 were determined using qPCR. The expression of relevant proteins was determined using Western blot analysis or immunofluorescence staining. Results： Treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with Fe2＋ （50-200 pmol/L） dose-dependently decreased the cell viability, which was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with carvacrol （164 and 333 pmol/L）. Treatment with Fe2＋ increased the Bax level and caspase-3 activity, and decreased the Bcl-2 level, resulting in cell apoptosis. Furthermore, treatment with Fe2＋ significantly increased the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and induced the nuclear translocation of NF-KB. Treatment with Fe2. also significantly increased the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, JNK and IKK in the cells. Pretreatment with carvacrol significantly inhibited Fe2＋-induced activation of NF-KB, expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and cell apoptosis. Moreover, pretreatment with carvacrol inhibited Fe2＋-induced phosphorylation of JNK and IKK, but not p38 and ERK in the cells. Conclusion： Carvacrol protects neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against Fe2＋-induced apoptosis, which may result from suppressing the MAPK/JNK-NF-KB signaling pathways.
AIM： To investigate the effect of Tangweian Jianji （TWAJJ） on the biomechanical and morphometrical remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetic rats. METHODS： Diabetes was induced in 27 ...rats by in- jecting streptozotocin （40 mg/kg body weight）, the animals were then divided into three groups （n = 9 in each group）, i.e., diabetic control （DM）; high dose （10 g/kg, T1） and low dose （5 g/kg, T2）. Another 10 rats acted as normal controls （Control）. TWAJJ was admin- istered by gavage once daily. Blood glucose and serum insulin levels were measured. Circumferential length, wall thickness and opening angle were measured from esophageal, duodenal, jejunal and ileal ring segments. The residual strain was calculated from the morpho- metric data. Step-wise distension was carried out on esophageal and jejunal segments. The obtained data on the length, diameter and pressure changes were then used to calculate the circumferential and longitu- dinal stresses and strains. Real-time reverse transcrip- tion polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the receptor of advanced glycation end-products （RAGE） mRNA level in jejunal tissues. RESULTS： At the end of the experiment, the blood glucose level was significantly higher and the serum insulin level was significantly lower in DM, T1 and T2 groups than in the control group （Glucose： 30.23 ± 0.41 mmol/L, 27.48 ± 0.27 mmol/L and 27.84 ± 0.29 mmol/ L vs 5.05 ± 0.04 mmol/L, P = 1.65 x 10-16, P = 5.89 x 1019 and P = 1.63 x 10-Is, respectively; Insulin： 1.47 ± 0.32 °tg/L, 2.66 ± 0.44 pg/L, 2.03 ± 0.29 pg/L and 4.17 ± 0.54 pg/L, P = 0.0001, P = 0.029 and P = 0.025, re- spectively）. However, these levels did not differ among the DM, T1 and T2 groups. The wet weight per unit length, wall thickness and opening angle of esophageal and intestinal segments in the DM group were signifi- cantly higher than those in the control group （from P = 0.009 to P = 0.004）. These parameters in the T1 group were significantly lower than those in the DM group （wet weight, duodenum： 0.147 ± 0.003 g/cm vs 0.158 ± 0.001 g/cm, P = 0.047; jejunum, 0.127 ± 0.003 g/cm vs 0.151：1：0.002 g/cm, P = 0.017; ileum, 0.127 ± 0.004 g/cm vs 0.139 ± 0.003 g/cm, P = 0.046; wall thickness, esophagus： 0.84±0.03 mm vs 0.94 ± 0.02 ram, P = 0.014; duodenum： 1.27 ± 0.06 mm vs 1.39 ± 0.05 ram, P = 0.031; jejunum： 1.19 ± 0.07 mm vs 1.34 ± 0.04 mm, P = 0.047; ileum： 1.09 ± 0.04 mm vs 1.15 ± 0.03 mm, P = 0.049; opening angle, esophagus： 112.2 ± 13.2° vs 134.7 ± 14.7°, P = 0.027; duodenum： 105.9 ± 12.3° vs 123.1 ± 13.1°, P = 0.046; jejunum： 90.1 ± 15.4° vs 115.5 ± 13.3°, P = 0.044; ileum： 112.9 ± 13.4° vs 136.1 ± 17.1°, P = 0.035）. In the esophageal and jejunal segments, the inner residual stain was significantly smaller and the outer residual strain was larger in the DN group than in the control group （P = 0.022 and P = 0.035）. T1 treatment significantly restored this biomechanical alteration （P = 0.011 and P = 0.019）, but T2 treatment did not. Fur- thermore, the circumferential and longitudinal stiffness of the esophageal and jejunal wall increased in the DM group compared with those in the control group. T1, but not T2 treatment, significantly decreased the cir- cumferential wall stiffness in the jejunal segment （P = 0.012） and longitudinal wall stiffness in the esophageal segment （P = 0.023）. The mRNA level of RAGE was significantly decreased in the T1 group compared to that in the DN group （P = 0.0069）. CONCLUSION： TWAJJ （high dose） treatment partly restored the morphometric and biomechanical remodel- ing of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetic rats.
The rice pattern recognition receptor （PRR） XA21 confers race-specific resistance in leaf infection by bacterial blight Xathornonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, and was shown to be primarily localized to ...the endoplasmic reticulum （ER） when expressed with its native promoter or overexpressed in the protoplast. However, whether the protein is still ER- localization in the intact cell when overexpressed remains to be identified. Here, we showed that XA21, its kinase-dead mutant XA21PK736EP and the triple autophosphorylation mutant XA21PS686AJT688AJS699A GFP fusions were primarily localized to the plasma membrane （PM） when overexpressed in the intact transgenic rice cell, and also localized to the ER in the transgenic protoplast. The transgenic plants constitutively expressing the wild-type XA21 or its GFP fusion displayed racespecific resistance to Xoo at the adult and seedling stages. XA21 and XA21PK736EP could be internalized probably via the SCAMP-positive early endosomal compartment in the protoplast, suggesting that XA21 might be endocytosed to initiate resistance responses during pathogen infection. We also established a root infection system and demonstrated that XA21 also mediated race-specific resistance responses to Xoo in the root. Our current study provides an insight into the nature of the XA21-mediated resistance and a practical approach using the root cell system to further dissect the cellular signaling of the PRR during the rice-Xoo interaction.
Xyloketal B （Xyl-B） is a novel marine compound isolated from mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. We previously demonstrated that pretreatment with XyI-B exerted neuroprotective effects and attenuated ...hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice. In the present study we investigated the neuroprotective effects of pre- and post-treatment with XyI-B in adult mice using a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （tMCAO） model, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Adult male C57 mice were subjected to tMCAO surgery. For the pre-treatment, XyI-B was given via multiple injections （12.5, 25, and 50 mg.kgl-d1, ip） 48 h, 24 h and 30 min before ischemia. For the post-treatment, a single dose of XyI-B （50 mg/kg, ip） was injected at 0, 1 or 2 h after the onset of ischemia. The regional cerebral perfusion was monitored using a laser-Doppler flowmeter. TTC staining was performed to determine the brain infarction volume. We found that both pre-treatment with XyI-B （50 mg/kg） and post-treatment with XyI-B （50 mg/kg） significantly reduced the infarct volume, but had no significant hemodynamic effects. Treatment with Xyl-B also significantly alleviated the neurological deficits in tMCAO mice. Furthermore, treatment with XyI-B significantly attenuated ROS overproduction in brain tissues; increased the MnSOD protein levels, suppressed TLR4, NF-KB and iNOS protein levels; and downregulated the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α IL-6 and IFN-y. Moreover, XyI-B also protected blood-brain barrier integrity in tMCAO mice. In conclusion, XyI-B administered within 2 h after the onset of stroke effectively protects against focal cerebral ischemia; the underlying mechanism may be related to suppressing the ROS/TLR4/NF-KB inflammatory signaling pathway.
Aim： To simultaneously investigate the contribution of the alpha 1 chain of collagen type 1 （COLIA1） and alpha2-HS-glycoprotein （AHSG） genes to the variation of bone geometric parameters in both ...Caucasians and Chinese. Methods： Six hundred and five Caucasian individuals from 157 nuclear families and 1228 Chinese subjects from 400 nuclear families were genotyped at the AHSG-Sac1, COLIA1- PCOL2 and Spl polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）. 5 FN bone geometric parameters were calculated based on bone mineral density and bone area of femoral neck （FN） measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Population stratification, total family association, within-family association, and linkage tests were performed by the quantitative transmission disequilibrium test program. Results： The t-test showed the significant differences of all bone geometric phenotypes （except ED） between Caucasians and Chinese in the offspring using both unadjusted and adjusted （by age, height, weight, and gender） data. In Caucasians, we found significant within-family association results between the COLIA1-Spl polymorphism （rs1800012） and cross sectional area （CSA）, cortical thickness （CT）, endocortical diameter （ED）, buckling ratio （BR） （P=0.018, 0.002, 0.023, and 0.001, respectively）; the COLIA1-Sp1 polymorphism also detected significant linkage with BR （P=0.039）. In the population of China, the within-family associations between the COLIA 1-PCOL2 polymorphism （rs 1107946） and CT, B R were significant （P=0.012 and 0.008, respectively）. Furthermore, evidence of linkage were observed between the AHSG-Sac1 polymorphism （rs4918） and CT, BR （P=0.042 and 0.014, respectively） in Caucasians, but not in Chinese. Conclusion： Our results suggest that the COLIA1 gene may have significantly association with bone geometry in both Caucasians and Chinese, and the AHSG gene may be linked to bone geometry in Caucasians, but not in Chinese. This study represents our first efforts on investigating the importance of the COLIA1 and AHSG genes on bone geometry in both Caucasians and Chinese.
Aim： 7,8-Dihydroxy-4-（3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl）-2H-chromen-2-one （DW532） is one of simplified analogues of hematoxylin that has shown broad-spectrum inhibition on tyrosine kinases and in vitro ...anti-cancer activities. The aim of this study was to identify DW532 as a agent targeting both kinases and tubulin, and to investigate its anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis activities. Methods： In vitro tyrosine kinases activity was examined with ELISA, and tyrosine kinases activity in cells was evaluated with Western blot analysis. Tubulin turbidity assay, surface plasmon resonance and immunofluorescence technique were used to characterize the tubulin inhibitory activity. Cell proliferation was examined with SRB assay, and cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed with Annexin-V/PI staining and flow cytometry. Tube formation, aortic ring and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays were used to evaluate the anti-angiogenesis efficacy. Results： DW532 inhibited EGFR and VEGFR2 in vitro kinase activity （the ICso values were 4.9 and 5.5 pmol/L, respectively）, and suppressed their downstream signaling. DW532 dose-dependently inhibited tubulin polymerization via direct binding to tubulin, thus disrupting the mitotic spindle assembly and leading to abnormal cell division. In a panel of human cancer cells, DW532 （1 and 10 pmol/L） induced G2/M phase arrest and cell apoptosis, which subsequently resulted in cytotoxicity. Knockdown of BubR1 or Mpsl, the two core proteins of the spindle assembly checkpoint dramatically decreased DW532-induced cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-468 cells. Moreover, treatment with DW532 potently and dose-dependently suppressed angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion： DW532 is a dual inhibitor against tubulin and tyrosine kinases, and deserves further development as a novel anti-cancer agent.
The best method of detecting prior Helicobacter pyloriinfection Chien-Yu Lu Chao-Hung Kuo Yi-Ching Lo Hung-Yi Chuang Yuan-Chieh Yang I-Chen Wu Fang-long Yu Yi-Chen Lee Chang-Ming Jan Wen-Ming Wang Deng-Chyang Wu
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG,
2005, Letnik:
11, Številka:
36
Journal Article
AIM： Prior Helicobacterpylori （Hpylori infection has often been underestimated. These underestimations have misled physicians attempting to determine the significance between Hpyloriand certain ...gastrointestinal lesions such as intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis, and gastric cancer. Our study endeavored to debit past Hppylorinfections accurately, easily, and rapidly with the newly developed irnmunoblot kit, Helico Blot 2.1. METHODS： Thirty-three patients, including 25 H pylori infected and 8 uninfected cases, were enrolled in our study. All patients received consecutive gastroendoscopic examinations and ^3C-urea breath test （UBT） tests at 6- or 12-mo intervals for up to 4 years. Serum samples were obtained from each patient at the same time. Intragastric H pylori infection was confirmed in accordance with the gold standard. Twenty-five H pylori-infected patients received triple therapies after initial bacterial confirmation, and were successful in eradicating their infections. Serially obtained sera were tested by means of Helico Blot 2.1. RESULTS： Current infection marker detected by Helico Blot 2.1 was unreliable for representing ongoing Hpylori infection. Only 35 and 37 ku antibodies of H pylorihad significant seroconversion rates 1 year after having been cured. The seroposiUve rates of 116 ku （cytotoxin-associated antigen CagA） and Helico Blot 2.1 were nearly 100% during 4-year follow-up period. Both CagA antigen and Helico blot 2.1 could serve as indicators of long-term H pylori infection. CONCLUSION： Helico Blot 2.1 can detect past H pylori infections for up to 4 years, and is the best method to date for detecting previous long-term H pylori infection. 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
AIM： To establish and validate the mutation testing for identification and characterization of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer （HNPCC） in suspected Chinese patients.
METHODS： Five ...independent Chinese kindreds with HNPCC fulfilling the classical Amsterdam criteria were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted after informed consent was obtained. The coding region of hMSH2 and hMLH1 genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography （DHPLC）. Mutations identified in the proband by DHPLC were directly sequenced using a 377 DNA sequencer, analyzed with a basic local alignment tool （BLAST）, and tested in the corresponding family members by direct DNA sequencing.
RESULTS： Mutations were identified in two Chinese HNPCC kindreds. One was the missense mutation of hMSH2 c.1808A→G resulting in Asp 603 Gly identified in the proband of the fifth HNPCC （HNPCCS） kindred. In the HNP5 kindred, three family members were found to have this mutation and two of them had colorectal cancer. The other mutation of hMLH1 c.1882A→G was identified in the HNP2 kindred＇s proband, which might be the nonsense mutation analyzed by BLAST.
CONCLUSION： Pedigree investigation and mutation testing of hMSH2 and hMLH1 are the practical methods to identify high-risk HNPCC patients in China.
Amino acids industry knowledge service platform Yi WEN Hongguang FU Shu FANG Qinggang LI Zhengyin HU Chunjiang LIU Ning YANG Xian ZHANG Yuan XU Chenjun Ding Yuexian ZHU
中国文献情报：英文版,
2015
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose： This paper introduces an amino acids industry knowledge service platform, which integrates industry data, science literature, and technology knowledge from patents.
...Design/methodology/approach： From the perspective of knowledge organization, the amino acids industry knowledge service platform comprises a basic data layer, a knowledge representation layer, and a knowledge service layer. The platform integrates heterogeneous information sources by means of a multi-dimensional integration index. It enables users to find technology knowledge from patents by employing the semantic Theory of Inventive Problem Solving （TRIZ）.
Findings： This paper constructs an integrated amino acids industry database, which offers a general service oriented to the public, and a technical innovation knowledge base, which offers a value-added service oriented to enterprises.
Research limitations： The technical innovation knowledge base only includes parts of amino acids technology knowledge, making it suitable to meet certain specific needs.
Practical implications： Semantic annotation of technical innovation knowledge from patents requires manual work by domain experts.
Originality/value： The amino acids industry knowledge service platform offers not only an integrated search service for amino acids industry information, but also a deep tech mining service for technical innovation knowledge of amino acids. It will offer a more personalized knowledge service in the future.
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