Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) have been extensively investigated as a next‐generation energy storage system due to their high safety and low cost. However, the critical issues of irregular ...dendrite growth and intricate side reactions severely restrict the further industrialization of ZIBs. Here, a strategy to fabricate a semi‐immobilized ionic liquid interface layer is proposed to protect the Zn anode over a wide temperature range from −35 to 60 °C. The immobilized SiO2@cation can form high conjugate racks that can regulate the Zn2+ concentration gradient and self‐polarizing electric field to guarantee uniform nucleation and planar deposition; the free anions of the ILs can weaken the hydrogen bonds of the water to promote rapid Zn2+ desolvation and accelerate ion‐transport kinetics simultaneously. Because of these unique advantages, the cycling performance of the symmetric Zn batteries is greatly enhanced, evidenced by a cycling life of 1800 h at 20 mA cm−2, and a cycle lifespan of 2000 h under a wide temperature window from −35 to 60 °C. The efficiency of this semi‐immobilizing strategy is well demonstrated in various full cells including pouch cells, showing high performance at large current (20 A g−1) and wide temperatures with extra‐long cycles up to 80 000 cycles.
A semi‐immobilized ionic liquid interface layer is designed to protect the Zn anode from −35 to 60 °C. The protective layer not only promotes Zn2+ desolvation and transport but also regulates Zn2+ concentration gradient and electric field to guarantee uniform Zn deposition. With this novel semi‐immobilized coating technique, highly stable zinc batteries are fabricated and can be operated over a wide temperature range.
DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism orchestrating gene expression networks in many biological processes. Nonetheless, studying the role of specific gene methylation events in fish faces ...challenges. In this study, we validate the regulation of DNA methylation on empty spiracles homeobox 2 (emx2) expression with decitabine treatment in Chinese tongue sole testis cells. We used the emx2 gene as the target gene and developed a new DNA methylation editing system by fusing dnmt3a with catalytic dead Cas9 (dCas9) and demonstrated its ability for sequence-specific DNA methylation editing. Results revealed that utilizing dCas9-dnmt3a to target emx2 promoter region led to increased DNA methylation levels and decreased emx2 expression in Chinese tongue sole testis cells. More importantly, the DNA methylation editing significantly suppressed the expression of MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor (myc), one target gene of emx2. Furthermore, we assessed the off-target effects of dCas9-dnmt3a and confirmed no significant impact on the predicted off-target gene expression. Taken together, we developed the first DNA methylation editing system in marine species and demonstrated its effective editing ability in Chinese tongue sole cells. This provides a new strategy for both epigenetic research and molecular breeding of marine species.
Jujube peel pigment (JP), an ideal natural water‐soluble pigment extracted from jujube peel, mainly consists of flavonoids and possesses a wide range of physiological activities. In this study, ...JP‐loaded multivesicular liposomes (JP‐MVL) were prepared using the double emulsification method. JP‐MVL was characterized, and its encapsulation efficiency was determined using the UV‐Vis method. Furthermore, the release behavior and antioxidant capacity of JP‐MVL were evaluated in vitro. The results displayed in the structure of JP‐MVL were spherical with internal vesicles; the average particle size of JP‐MVL was 5.63 μm, and the zeta potential was −69.50 mV. Analysis of the release results indicated that the best‐fitting models in PBS (Phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4) and 0.9% NaCl were the Higuchi and first‐order kinetic models, respectively. The cytotoxicity of JP‐MVL at the appropriate concentrations was negligible and had a good protective effect against UVB‐induced photodamage.
Study of Jujube peel pigment multivesicular liposomes for UVB‐damage protection.
Curcumin (CUR) has a wide range of applications in functional foods. However, it has some disadvantages such as poor water solubility and stability. To solve these problems, CUR was encapsulated into ...cochleates with an encapsulation efficiency of 83.66% and a diameter of about 403.9 nm. The study found that the stability of CUR-loaded cochleates (CUR-Cochs) was improved when compared with that of the curcumin-loaded liposomes (CUR-Lipos). Additionally, it showed that the DPPH scavenging ability of CUR-Cochs was equivalent to free CUR. In addition, 3 μM CUR-Cochs could significantly reduce the MDA content and the LDH release, and increased SOD activity in the H
2
O
2
induced NIH3T3 cell oxidative damage model. The expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 proteins were obviously increased in the CUR-Cochs group, indicating that CUR-Cochs could effectively reduce NIH3T3 cell damage caused by H
2
O
2
. The CUR-Cochs could improve the stability of CUR with a desired anti-oxidation ability, which may mean that it is feasible for it to be applied further in functional foods.
CUR-Cochleates were prepared to improve the stability and uptake efficiency of CUR. The antioxidant effects indicating that CUR-Cochs effectively reduce the NIH3T3 cell damage caused by H
2
O
2
, which could provide the feasibility to be developed in functional foods.
A twisted channel self-bending shunting die, a vertical shunting die, and a symmetrical streamlined shunting die were designed. The plate extrusions of these dies were simulated and experimented ...with. The experimental results show that the actual metal flow is consistent with it in the simulation. The results of the simulation show that the leftward bending plate is extruded out by the twisted channel self-bending shunting die, and the straight plate is extruded out by the other dies. The data for the welding path in the extrusion process of the three shunting dies were extracted, and the
J
values of the welding criterion were calculated. The longer the weld stability height distance above the
J
value, the wider the stable weld formation interval, the better the weld quality. The order of weld quality among the three dies is that vertical shunting die < symmetrical streamlined shunting die < twisted channel self-bending shunting die. The symmetrical streamlined shunting die and the twisted channel self-bending shunting die were simulated at different extrusion speeds, the results show that the greater the extrusion speed, the shorter the distance of the stable weld height above the junction value
J
, and the worse the weld quality of the shunting dies.
Using an integrated profile extrusion and bending forming process with a streamlined extrusion die, a new self-bending extrusion molding technology is proposed with an axis-distorted variable ...channel. By designing the streamlined extrusion die structure of the distorted central axis, the metal was made to flow non-uniformly in the die cavity, thereby directly extruding a bent profile. The central axis of the streamlined extrusion die is described by a trigonometric function and a Gaussian function. A numerical simulation was applied to analyze the metal flow pattern, equivalent strain, and strain-rate distribution during the self-bending extrusion process. The influences of the extrusion velocity and the addition of a bearing on the self-bending deformation profiles were investigated. During the extrusion process, the streamline at the center of the billet could describe the overall flow of the metal in the die cavity, and the distance between the point on the end face of the die outlet and the center of the die outlet directly determined the degree of extrusion and bending. The greater the distance was, the larger was the degree of bending. The metal strain on the convex edge of the die was greater than that on the concave edge of the die, with the extruded profile always bending toward the concave edge. The strain rate of the metal changed the fastest near the most convex point of the die. As the extrusion velocity increased or more bearings were added, the radius of curvature of the extruded profile increased nonlinearly.
Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic substance extracted from plants, has extensive pharmacological activities. However, CUR is difficult to be absorbed in the body due to its poor stability and low ...solubility. Studies have found that cochleates can be used as a new delivery system to encapsulate bioactive agents for the purpose of improving its stability and bioavailability. In this study, thin-film dispersion and trapping methods were used to prepare curcumin-loaded cochleates (CUR-Cochs). Then CUR-Cochs were characterized and the encapsulation efficiency was determined by HPLC. In addition, the freeze-drying process of CUR-Cochs was studied and related characterization was performed. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of cochleates carrier. Additionally, H
O
-induced cellular oxidative damage model were used to evaluate its antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the structure of CUR-Cochs was a spiral cylinder with an average particle size of 463.8 nm and zeta potential of -15.47 mV. The encapsulation efficiency was the highest (83.66 ± 0.8)% with 1:50 CUR-to-lipid mass ratio. In vitro results showed that cochleates had negligible cytotoxicity and owned antioxidant capacity, which provided the possibility for their applications in food and medicine. In general, the method herein might be a promising method to encapsulate CUR for further use as a bioactive agent in functional foods.
The quality of thin strip products is determined by the flow and heat transfer in a molten pool of twin-roll casting, thus it is of great significance to study the structure parameters of the ...delivery system, including the angle and height of end face nozzle, the angle and height of side nozzle as well as the taper angle of side nozzle. A methodology for simulation of twin-roll thin strips continuous casting process under uncertainty is presented by a three-dimensional numerical model of the flow field and solidification of liquid steel in the molten pool. A sampling-based stochastic model is developed to elucidate the effects of uncertainty in several nozzle structure parameters on the variability of maximum outlet temperature difference and maximum liquid surface turbulence kinetic energy. The results show that taper angle of side nozzle significantly affects the variability in maximum outlet temperature difference, and the uncertainty in angle and height of end face nozzle as well as the height of the side nozzle affects the variability in maximum liquid surface turbulence difference evidently.
Introduction. Hypertensive renal damage is a chronic and life-threatening kidney disease all over the world. The traditional Chinese medicine Jiang Ya Yi Shen (JYYS) granule has been a perfect drug ...for patients with hypertensive renal injury in clinic for 20 years in China. However, the molecular mechanism of JYYS granule remains unknown in treatment of this disease. Methods. The clinic data were from this study’s patients. The clinical symptoms of patients were indicated by (N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase) NAG, (albumin) Alb, and (β2-microglobin) β2-MG content in urinary of patients, and renal artery’s hemodynamic parameters including (pulse index) PI, mean velocity of the arterial blood (Vm), minimum velocity of the diastolic stage (Vdmin) and peak velocity of the systolic wave (Vsmax). To further observe the effect of JYYS granule on renal damage, the rats were included in six groups: normal rats (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), positive drug-treated rats (Benazepril), low dose JYYS (L), middle dose JYYS (M), and high dose JYYS (H). Then, we observed the effect of JYYS on renal function, renal tubules, inflammatory cell infiltration, and small artery thickening, and we explored the potential mechanism of JYYS in treatment of renal injury. Results. JYYS significantly improved the clinic symptoms of patients with hypertensive nephropathy by downregulating NAG, Alb, and β2-MG content in urinary of patients and by decreasing renal artery’s hemodynamic parameters including PI, Vm, Vdmin, and Vsmax. In SHR, JYYS significantly improved renal function including creatinine clearance rate, urinary albumin/creatinine, β2-MG/creatinine and arteria caudalis pressure in SHR. Secondly, light and electron microscopic examinations told that after administration of JYYS and Benazepril, the mesangial region exhibited no hyperplasia and renal capsule did not expanded, and there no abnormalities were observed in renal tubules, inflammatory cell infiltration and small artery thickening in SHR. Thirdly, JYYS exhibited its protective role by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa beta signaling-mediated micro-inflammation cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in SHR. Conclusion. JYYS is a promising prescription of Chinese medicine for patients with hypertension and hypertensive renal damage.
Nickel coatings with different surface characteristics were prepared on copper substrate by electrodeposition. Subsequently, the as-coating surface was etched with a mixed solution of FeCl3, HCl and ...H2O2 at different times, to obtain different surface morphologies and special microstructures. The surface morphologies, element composition, roughness and liquid contact angle were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy, 3D digital microscope and contact angle measurement. The van Oss-Chaudhury-Good method was used to calculate the solid surface free energy and discuss the variation of surface wettability. The results show that etching time has a significant effect on surface morphology, roughness and wettability. After long-time physical aging, the multiple polygonal-layered architectures and larger-sized layered microstructure can maintain high surface free energy and keep the liquid metal in a good hydrophilic state, which provides a reference for optimizing the surface morphologies of the casting roll. This will improve the heat transfer efficiency and promote heterogeneous nucleation during twin-roll continuous casting.
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•Different surface morphologies were prepared by electrodeposition combined with chemical etching.•Electrodeposition, etching and physically aging have significant effects on wettability.•The van Oss-Chaudhury-Good method was applied to measure surface free energy by reference liquids.•The special microstructures can keep the liquid metal in a stable hydrophilic state.
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