To evaluate the potential role of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), an endothelial factor, in endothelial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to determine its relation to ...disease activity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.
This study was designed as a cross-sectional case-control study. One-hundred patients with RA were selected from out-patient clinics of Menoufia University Hospital, Menoufia, Egypt from May 2019 to May 2020. Fifty patients previously diagnosed with RA for more than 6 months were included as Group I, and fifty patients newly diagnosed with RA were included as Group II. Fifty healthy age- and gender-matched individuals were evaluated as the control group (Group III). Complete blood count, random blood glucose, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lipid profile, rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, serum levels of urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein, VCAM-1, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity were determined.
Patients with RA showed significantly higher serum VCAM-1, malondialdehyde, ESR, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and atherogenic index levels than the control group. Also, they showed significantly lower total antioxidant capacity and high-density lipoprotein levels than control group. A significant positive correlation between serum VCAM-1 with disease activity, serum malondialdehyde, ESR, and C-reactive protein was observed. Also, a significant negative correlation between serum VCAM-1 and total antioxidant capacity was present.
Serum VCAM-1 increases in RA, and it correlates with disease activity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.
Bridging autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases El-Shebiny, Emad M.; Zahran, Enas S.; Shoeib, Sabry A. ...
The Egyptian journal of internal medicine,
12/2021, Letnik:
33, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Background
Autoimmunity is used to cause by impairment of adaptive immunity alone, whereas autoinflammatory was originally defined as a consequence of unregulated innate immunity. So, the ...pathogenetic mechanisms of autoimmune diseases were well-thought-out to be mediated by B and T lymphocytes. Whereas, autoinflammatory diseases were defined as unprovoked times of inflammation with the absence of a high titre of autoantibodies.
Main body of the abstract
Autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases were split into two groups, but considering the similarities, it can be considered as only one group of diseases with a large immune pathological and clinical spectrum which involves at one end pure autoimmune diseases and the other pure autoinflammatory diseases
.
Conclusions
We can safely conclude that there is bridging between autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) are groups of diseases that are commonly associated with cardiac and pulmonary manifestations and may affect the morbidity and mortality of the patients. The study ...aimed to the assessment of cardiopulmonary manifestations and their correlation with the semi-quantitative scoring of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in ARD patients.
30 patients with ARD were included in the study (mean age 42.2 ± 9.76 years) 10 patients were scleroderma (SSc), 10 patients were rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 10 patients were systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). They all met the diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and underwent spirometry, echocardiography, and chest HRCT. The HRCT was assessed by a semi-quantitative score for parenchymal abnormalities. Correlation between HRCT lung scores and: inflammatory markers, lung volumes in spirometry, and echocardiographic indices has been performed.
The total lung score (TLS) by HRCT was 14.8 ± 8.78 (mean ± SD), ground glass opacity score (GGO) was 7.20 ± 5.79 (mean ± SD) and fibrosis lung score (F) was 7.63 ± 6.05 (mean ± SD). TLS correlated significantly with ESR (r 0.528, p 0.003), CRP (r 0.439, p 0.015), PaO2 (r -0.395, P 0.031) FVC% (r -0.687, p 0.001), and echocardiographic Tricuspid E (r -0.370, p 0.044), Tricuspid E/è (r -0.397,p 0.03), ESPAP (r 0.459,p 0.011), TAPSE (r -0.405, p 0.027), MPI-TDI (r -0.428, p 0.018) and RV Global strain(r -0.567, p 0.001). GGO score correlated significantly with ESR (r 0.597, p 0.001), CRP (r 0.473, p 0.008), FVC% (r -0.558, p 0.001), and RV Global strain(r -0.496, p 0.005). F score correlated significantly with FVC% (r -0.397, p 0.030), Tricuspid E/è (r -0.445, p 0.014), ESPAP (r 0.402, p 0.028), and MPI-TDI (r -0.448, p 0.013).
The total lung score and GGO score in ARD were found to be consistently significantly correlated with FVC% predicted, PaO2, inflammatory markers, and RV functions. Fibrotic score correlated with ESPAP. Therefore, in a clinical setting, most clinicians who monitor patients suffering from ARD should concern with the applicability of semiquantitative HRCT scoring in clinical practice.
The type I interferon (IFN) signature has been found to be overactivated in many systemic autoimmune diseases. This may be explained by impaired regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) as ...well as interferon-induced protein 44 (IFI44) expression via their regulatory mechanisms via interferon regulatory factors (IRFs).BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESThe type I interferon (IFN) signature has been found to be overactivated in many systemic autoimmune diseases. This may be explained by impaired regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) as well as interferon-induced protein 44 (IFI44) expression via their regulatory mechanisms via interferon regulatory factors (IRFs).This case-control study includes two groups: 50 RA patients and 50 healthy controls. The quantification of IFI44 and IRF4 expression levels by the real-time PCR technique was estimated. Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) was estimated for RA patients only.PATIENTS AND METHODSThis case-control study includes two groups: 50 RA patients and 50 healthy controls. The quantification of IFI44 and IRF4 expression levels by the real-time PCR technique was estimated. Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) was estimated for RA patients only.Among the RA patients, there were statistically significant increased ESR, CRP, TLC, RF, and anti-CCP levels (p value < 0.001) and significant increased expression of the IFI44 and IRF4 genes (p value < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the IFI44 and IRF4, and there was a significant correlation between both and ESR and anti-CCP among RA patients. At a cutoff point of 1.95, IFI44 shows higher sensitivity and specificity values than IRF4 for the diagnosis of RA.RESULTSAmong the RA patients, there were statistically significant increased ESR, CRP, TLC, RF, and anti-CCP levels (p value < 0.001) and significant increased expression of the IFI44 and IRF4 genes (p value < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the IFI44 and IRF4, and there was a significant correlation between both and ESR and anti-CCP among RA patients. At a cutoff point of 1.95, IFI44 shows higher sensitivity and specificity values than IRF4 for the diagnosis of RA.IFI44 was more sensitive for RA diagnosis than IRF4. IFI44 and IRF4 overexpression could be promising predictors of RA diagnosis and might become useful clinical tools to guide therapeutic strategies.CONCLUSIONIFI44 was more sensitive for RA diagnosis than IRF4. IFI44 and IRF4 overexpression could be promising predictors of RA diagnosis and might become useful clinical tools to guide therapeutic strategies.
Increasing interest has been focused on lncRNAs as potential markers in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases.
We aimed to investigate the expression pattern and role of cell-free ...lncRNAs (GAS5, HCG27_201 and LY86-AS1) in pre-diabetic, diabetic and T2DM groups.
Quantification of the expression level of cell-free lncRNAs (GAS5, HCG27_201 and LY86-AS1) was performed by real-time PCR in 210 individuals classified in diabetic (T2DM), pre-diabetic and control groups.
Significant differences were observed in the relative expression level of lncRNAs (GAS5, LY86-AS1 and HCG27_201) among the three studied groups. The LncRNA expression levels decreased gradually from the control to the pre-diabetic group and reached the lowest values in the T2DM group. The A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to identify a cut-off value for each of the three genes among our groups. The three lncRNAs showed promising results in discriminating between the diabetic patients and controls, with HCG27_201 gene expression having the best performance. Furthermore, lncRNA expression was able to predict the future development of DM in the pre-diabetics because ROC analysis among diabetics and pre-diabetics revealed considerable results. GAS5 gene expression showed the best performance. Additionally, HCG27_201 expression was the most valuable biomarker for differentiating between pre-diabetics and controls and presented a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 64%.
We concluded that cell free lncRNAs (GAS5, LY86-AS1 and HCG27_201) could be considered promising diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for DM and that HCG27_201 could act as a potential diagnostic biomarker for pre-diabetes.
•lncRNAs are involved in T2DM pathological process.•lncRNA showed ability to predict development of DM.•GAS5, LY86-AS1 and HCG27_201 could be considered as diagnostic biomarkers for DM.•The three studied lncRNA could also be considered as predictive biomarkers for DM.•HCG27_201 could act as a potential diagnostic biomarker for pre-diabetes.
Introduction
Extracellular vesicles (EV) have emerged as important ‘nanoshuttles’ of information between cells, carrying proteins, genetic information, and bioactive lipids to modify the phenotype ...and function of recipient cells. EVs are potential regulators in autoimmune disorders, playing a determinant role in the appearance and maintenance of inflammation.
Objective
This study aimed to carry out an up-to-date review of the EVs and their relationship with systemic lupus erythromatosus.
Data sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect, EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2018.
Study selection
This search yielded 275 articles. The articles were studied to perform an up-to-date review of the extracellular vesicles and their relationship with systemic lupus erythromatosus.
Data extraction
If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was obtained, the eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures.
Data synthesis
Comparisons were made by a structured review, with the results tabulated.
Conclusion
We can safely conclude that EVs play an important role in the complex pathogenesis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common presentation for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in rheumatology practice. SLE is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis. Irisin plays a potential role ...in preventingatherosclerosis.
This study aimed to measure serum irisin level and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and to unravel the possible risk factors for atherosclerosis in females with LN.
This study was carried out on 55 females with LN and 55 matched controls. Laboratory investigations included urinary protein/creatinine ratio, anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-ds-DNA) titre and lipid profile and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) estimated by duplex ultrasound. The SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was assessed. Serum irisin level was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
CIMT was 0.8 ± 0.12 mm in cases, and serum irisin mean was 10.3 ± 3.1 ng/ml. Serum irisin significantly correlated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) (r = 0.3,p < 0.0001) and inversely with platelet count (r = -0.29, p = 0.03), anti-ds-DNA titre (r = -0.25,p = 0.05), LDL (r = -0.46,p < 0.0001) and SLEDAI (r = -0.37,p = 0.005). The CIMT significantly correlated with white blood cell count (r = 0.23,p = 0.05), platelets count (r = 0.28,p = 0.03), protein/creatinine ratio (r = 0.33,p = 0.01), anti-ds-DNA titre (r = 0.35,p = 0.007), LDL (r = 0.51,p < 0.0001) and SLEDAI (r = 0.51,p < 0.0001) and inversely with HDL (r = -0.52, p < 0.0001) and serum irisin (r = -0.47, p < 0.0001). Univariate logistic regression showed that only serum irisin level was an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (OR = 4.5, CI = 1.5–11.1, P value 0.004).
Serum irisin is considered an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in females with LN.
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