During 2015, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provided collisions of transversely polarized protons with Au and Al nuclei for the first time, enabling the exploration of ...transverse-single-spin asymmetries with heavy nuclei. Large single-spin asymmetries in very forward neutron production have been previously observed in transversely polarized p+p collisions at RHIC, and the existing theoretical framework that was successful in describing the single-spin asymmetry in p+p collisions predicts only a moderate atomic-mass-number (A) dependence. In contrast, the asymmetries observed at RHIC in p+A collisions showed a surprisingly strong A dependence in inclusive forward neutron production. The observed asymmetry in p+Al collisions is much smaller, while the asymmetry in p+Au collisions is a factor of 3 larger in absolute value and of opposite sign. The interplay of different neutron production mechanisms is discussed as a possible explanation of the observed A dependence.
High pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are significant risk factors for maternal and neonatal health.
To assess pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG during ...pregnancy and their association with different maternal and neonatal characteristics in the transitional Mediterranean population from the Eastern Adriatic islands.
Two hundred and sixty-two mother-child dyads from the CRoatian Islands' Birth Cohort Study (CRIBS) were included in the study. Chi-square test, ANOVA, and regression analysis were used to test the association between selected characteristics.
In total, 22% of women entered pregnancy as overweight/obese and 46.6% had excessive GWG. Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity were significantly associated with elevated triglycerides uric acid levels, and decreased HDL cholesterol in pregnancy. Excessive GWG was associated with elevated fibrinogen and lipoprotein A levels. Women with high pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG values were more likely to give birth to babies that were large for gestational age (LGA), additionally confirmed in the multiple logistic regression model.
High maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG were both significantly associated with deviated biochemical parameters and neonatal size. More careful monitoring of maternal nutritional status can lead to better pre- and perinatal maternal healthcare.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, FSPLJ, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
43.
Heavy ion collider detectors Zajc, W.A
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2000, Letnik:
453, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The collider detectors for the heavy ion program at RHIC and the LHC are reviewed. Special emphasis is given to those features that are unique to the heavy ion environment.
This contribution is a written version of my closing talk presented at the Quark Matter 2017 conference. Neither the talk nor this contribution to the conference proceedings is intended as a ...comprehensive summary. Rather, a brief discussion is presented of emerging themes and challenges in the field of relativistic heavy ion physics.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown remarkable response rates in hematological malignancies. In contrast, CAR T cell treatment of solid tumors is associated with several challenges, in ...particular the expression of most tumor-associated antigens at lower levels in vital organs, resulting in on-target/off-tumor toxicities. Thus, innovative approaches to improve the tumor specificity of CAR T cells are urgently needed. Based on the observation that many human solid tumors activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on their surface through secretion of EGFR ligands, we developed an engineering strategy for CAR-binding domains specifically directed against the ligand-activated conformation of EGFR. We show, in several experimental systems, that the generated binding domains indeed enable CAR T cells to distinguish between active and inactive EGFR. We anticipate that this engineering concept will be an important step forward to improve the tumor specificity of CAR T cells directed against EGFR-positive solid cancers.
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•Human cancers frequently show constitutive EGFR activation•We present an engineering strategy to target these activated receptor conformations•Engineered binding domains specifically recognize ligand-activated EGFR•These binders enable specific targeting of activated EGFR with CAR T cells
A key challenge in the CAR T cell field is the lack of truly tumor-specific antigens. Most tumor antigens are expressed to some extent in healthy tissues, causing undesired on-target/off-tumor toxicities when being targeted with CAR T cells. Therefore, methods to improve the tumor specificity of CAR T cells are urgently needed. EGFR represents a prominent example of a well-established tumor-associated antigen that is broadly expressed at low levels in healthy tissues. Here, we developed a protein engineering strategy to generate EGFR-specific CARs with improved tumor specificity.
EGFR is often found to be constitutively activated in human cancer. Dobersberger et al. develop an engineering strategy for the generation of binding domains specifically recognizing ligand-activated EGFR. Incorporation of these binders into CAR molecules allows for specific targeting of the activated state of EGFR with CAR T cells.
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