OBJECTIVEMagnesium is essential for the proper functioning of the human body. It activates a number of enzymes and participates in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. It also plays an ...important part in regulating blood pressure.The aim of the study was to assess the dietary intake of magnesium and the frequency of consumption of magnesium-rich foods by patients suffering from hypertension.
DESIGN AND METHODThe study involved 63 participants (28/35 M/K, mean age = 61.0 +/−5.7 years) diagnosed with essential hypertension, regular patients of the Hypertension Outpatient Clinic at the University Hospital in Cracow. They completed a survey which consisted of a magnesium rich foods questionnaire and 24-hour interview spanning three days. The survey also included a nutrition knowledge test on magnesium, where the patients were additionally asked whether they were using dietary supplements containing this chemical element.
RESULTSThe vast majority of patients (83%) did not meet the established standards for daily magnesium intake. Whole grain bread and calcium-magnesium mineral water turned out to be the most often consumed magnesium- rich products. Patients less frequently consumed groats (of these, they most often chose buckwheat and barley groats), legumes (usually beans) and dried fruit and nuts (usually walnuts). The nutrition test showed the patients’ knowledge on magnesium to be unsatisfactory.Additionally, the survey showed that more than half of hypertensive patients used dietary supplements containing magnesium. Women were found to reach for diet supplements more often than men.
CONCLUSIONSConsidering the role of magnesium in regulating blood pressure, it seems important to educate hypertensive patients with regard to a diet containing sufficient amounts of this nutrient.
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) modulates functioning of the hypothalamic−pituitary−adrenal (HPA) axis and regulates a range of social processes. Clinical studies have used intranasal OT ...administration to treat symptoms arising from a number of psychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia, and depression. Most of this research, however, has been based on single dose treatments of OT in younger adult populations. The present study examined the impact on the health and psychological well-being of a 10-day OT administration in an older adult population. Residentially housed older adults (N = 41, mean age of 80) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants received 40 IU intranasal OT or placebo for 10 consecutive days. No changes in mood or cardiovascular states were observed across the 10-day period. Repeated-measures ANOVAs showed that dispositional gratitude improved for the OT infused participants, although gratitude declined for placebo controls over the 10 days (p = .015). Those in the OT condition did not report a decline in physical functioning over time as was observed in the placebo condition (p = .05), and also reported less fatigue compared with controls (p = .03). No significant adverse events were reported throughout the entirety of the study, indicating that OT can be safely used with older adults.
The study of pig preimplantation embryo development has several potential uses: from agriculture to the production of medically relevant genetically modified organisms and from rare breed ...conservation to acting as a physiologically relevant model for progressing human and other (e.g., endangered) species' in vitro fertilisation technology. Despite this, barriers to the widespread adoption of pig embryo in vitro production include lipid-laden cells that are hard to visualise, slow adoption of contemporary technologies such as the use of time-lapse incubators or artificial intelligence, poor blastulation and high polyspermy rates. Here, we employ a commercially available time-lapse incubator to provide a comprehensive overview of the morphokinetics of pig preimplantation development for the first time. We tested the hypotheses that (a) there are differences in developmental timings between blastulating and non-blastulating embryos and (b) embryo developmental morphokinetic features can be used to predict the likelihood of blastulation. The abattoir-derived oocytes fertilised by commercial extended semen produced presumptive zygotes were split into two groups: cavitating/blastulating 144 h post gamete co-incubation and those that were not. The blastulating group reached the 2-cell and morula stages significantly earlier, and the time taken to reach the 2-cell stage was identified to be a predictive marker for blastocyst formation. Reverse cleavage was also associated with poor blastulation. These data demonstrate the potential of morphokinetic analysis in automating and upscaling pig in vitro production through effective embryo selection.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Multicentre retrospective analysis of 204 patients with suspected papilloedema.•156 participants fulfilled the Friedman criteria for primary pseudotumor cerebri.•MRI/MRV signs exhibited a ...sensitivity of 74.8% and specificity of 94.7% for IIH.•CT/CTV signs exhibited a sensitivity of 61.0% and specificity of 100.0% for IIH.
The diagnostic utility of neuroradiologic signs associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) for the evaluation of patients presenting with papilloedema remains yet to be elucidated. This multicentre retrospective cohort study assessed consecutive patients presenting with suspected papilloedema to Auckland District Health Board (NZ) and Stanford University Medical Centre (US), between 2005 and 2019, undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and venography (MRI/MRV) or computed tomography and venography (CT/CTV) prior to lumbar puncture assessment for diagnostic suspicion of IIH. Data were collected regarding demographic, clinical, radiologic, and lumbar puncture parameters, and the diagnosis of IIH was determined according to the Friedman criteria for primary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome. A total of 204 participants (174 females; mean ± SD age 29.9 ± 12.2 years) were included, and 156 (76.5%) participants fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for IIH. The presence of any IIH-associated radiologic sign on MRI/MRV demonstrated a sensitivity (95% CI) of 74.8% (65.8%–82.0%) and specificity (95% CI) of 94.7% (82.7%–98.5%), while radiologic signs on CT/CTV exhibited a sensitivity (95% CI) of 61.0% (49.9%–71.2%) and specificity (95% CI) of 100.0% (83.2%–100.0%). In summary, the modest sensitivities of radiologic signs of IIH would support the routine use of lumbar puncture assessment following neuroimaging to secure the diagnosis. However, the high specificities might lend limited support for the judicious deferment of lumbar puncture assessment among typical IIH demographic patients who consent to the inherent small risk of missed pathology, which has been proposed by some clinicians.
The elderly have an elevated risk of clinical depression because of isolation from family and friends and a reticence to report their emotional states. The present study explored whether data from a ...commercial neuroscience platform could predict low mood and low energy in members of a retirement community. Neurophysiologic data were collected continuously for three weeks at 1Hz and averaged into hourly and daily measures, while mood and energy were captured with self-reports. Two neurophysiologic measures averaged over a day predicted low mood and low energy with 68% and 75% accuracy. Principal components analysis showed that neurologic variables were statistically associated with mood and energy two days in advance. Applying machine learning to hourly data classified low mood and low energy with 99% and 98% accuracy. Two-day lagged hourly neurophysiologic data predicted low mood and low energy with 98% and 96% accuracy. This study demonstrates that continuous measurement of neurophysiologic variables may be an effective way to reduce the incidence of mood disorders in vulnerable people by identifying when interventions are needed.
What determines success on Wall Street? This study examined if genes affecting dopamine levels of professional traders were associated with their career tenure. Sixty professional Wall Street traders ...were genotyped and compared to a control group who did not trade stocks. We found that distinct alleles of the dopamine receptor 4 promoter (DRD4P) and catecholamine-O-methyltransferase (COMT) that affect synaptic dopamine were predominant in traders. These alleles are associated with moderate, rather than very high or very low, levels of synaptic dopamine. The activity of these alleles correlated positively with years spent trading stocks on Wall Street. Differences in personality and trading behavior were also correlated with allelic variants. This evidence suggests there may be a genetic basis for the traits that make one a successful trader.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Detailed and precise drafts of competition are key to successful BIM implementation in Czech localization, as they are used for creating BIM model and they are further worked with. This can only be ...ensured by specifications in contract - as far as information model and Cost management (CM) are concerned, the specifications required are data appointment and Execution plan of building information modeling which both should be included in contract. The data defined in these documents carry great potential for further use within building information modeling, realization and operation, and they have not yet been used to full extent of their potential. This paper explores what should be included in the above suggested key documents from CM point of view and also what is the current level of construction documentation in transportation engineering in the Czech Republic.
This paper presents a neurophysiologic model of effective public service advertisements (PSAs) and reports two experiments that test the model. In Experiment 1, we show that after watching 16 PSAs ...participants who received oxytocin, compared to those given a placebo, donated to 57% more causes, donated 56% more money, and reported 17% greater concern for those in the ads. In Experiment 2, we measured adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and oxytocin levels in blood before and after participants watched a PSA. As predicted by the model, donations occurred when participants had increases in both ACTH and oxytocin. Our results indicate that PSAs with social content that cause OT release will be more effective than those that do not. Our results also explain why some individuals do not respond to PSAs.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Wild Eurasian perch populations (Perca fluviatilis L.) are characterized by annual fluctuations in abundance as a result of environmental and intra‐specific interactions. Variations in these ...interactions may be the source of differences in the characteristics of perch originating from different geographic regions. Perch abundances are higher in northern biotopes than in the south, although climate conditions in the latter would seem to be more conducive to perch growth. Research conducted on the growth of wild Eurasian perch strains from various regions of Europe reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) revealed differences among strains in body weight, survival, morphometric parameters, and other biological characteristics such as growth rate and feeding. Knowledge of survival and growth differences among perch strains is necessary as a tool for improvement of perch culture. Identification of the strain best adapted to RAS is the first step in a stock selection program.
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