Surgical treatment of iERM improves or stabilizes visual acuity (VA), decreases metamorphopsia, and restores macular anatomy. Nevertheless patients with low preoperative VA do not enjoy complete ...recovery after membrane removal. Limited restoration of the VA in these patients can be due to chronic traction of retina, vascular leakage and persistent cystoid macular edema. All these factors restrict the restoration of macular anatomy and function. Objective. The purpose is to investigate the functional, structural and morphological outcomes of iERM surgical treatment in different proliferation phase. Materials and methods. 60 patients were divided into 3 groups: 1 group - patients with VA 0.7-0.9; 2 group - patients with VA 0.3-0.6; 3 group with VA 0.1-0.3. Idiopathic ERM/ILM samples from vitrectomy were analyzed for glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP), a-SMA, vimentin, CD65 and type II, IV, VI collagen using flat-mount immunohistochemistry. Results. We observed transdifferentiated retinal Muller cells and astrocytes in myofibroblast-like phenotype which induced tissue contraction. In the course of time membranes demonstrated rough extratrecellular matrix component combination. These membranes had strong adhesion to ILM and were removed in the unique block during vitrectomy. An improvement of postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), as well as a decrement in central foveal thickness (CFT) was observed in all groups, maximum after 1 year of observation. Postoperative BCVA was better in patients with satisfactory preoperative VA. Comparative analysis of the three groups showed a significant improvement in BCVA and CFT in the first group. These patients have very little macular damage resulting in good recovery of the macular function. Conclusions. We conclude that vitrectomy for early symptomatic iERM is beneficial in preserving excellent vision. Early intervention may prevent the evolvement of non-reversible damage to the outer retina. It is a safe procedure associated with a lower chance of surgical difficulty during ERM/ILM peeling.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 256403 (2018) Emergent order at mesoscopic length scales in condensed matter can provide
fundamental insight into the underlying competing interactions and their
relationship ...with the order parameter. Using spectromicroscopy, we show that
mesoscopic stripe order near the metal-insulator transition (MIT) of strained
VO2 represent periodic modulations in both crystal symmetry and V-V
dimerization. Above the MIT, we unexpectedly find the long range order of V-V
dimer strength and crystal symmetry become dissociated beyond ~ 200 nm, whereas
the conductivity transition proceeds homogeneously in a narrow temperature
range.
We implement a 4-level semiclassical model of a single pulse interacting with the hyperfine structure in ultracold rubidium aimed at control of population dynamics and quantum state preparation. We ...discuss a method based on pulse chirping to achieve population inversion between hyperfine states of the 5S shell. The results may prove useful for quantum operations with ultracold atoms.
The authors describe their own clinical observations of four patients with acute chest injury, who developed myocardial infarction due to traumatic dissection of anterior interventricular artery ...intima and a subsequent thrombosis of the artery. The authors adduce clinicolaboratory characterization of traumatic myocardial infarction and describe early and long-term (three years) results of transcutaneous coronary operations (balloon angioplasty and stenting) performed in these patients.
The classical theory of nucleation and growth is used to study the thermodynamics and kinetics of switching of multiaxial ferroelectrics. The initial stage of 180 deg- and 90 deg-domain switching is ...studied in the tetragonal, orthorhombic, and trigonal phases. The multidimensional kinetic theory of first-order phase transitions is applied to describe the initial stage of switching of ferroelectric crystals in the general case where three-dimensional growth (along the radius and height) of repolarized domains occurs. The energy of nucleus formation is calculated in the vicinity of the saddle point of an activation barrier in the space of sizes and shapes, and the dependence of the critical domain size on the switching field is found. The two-dimensional Fokker-Planck kinetic equation is reduced to a one-dimensional Zel'dovich equation, and a stationary solution to the Zel'dovich equation is obtained. The diffusion coefficients are derived in the size space for the normal and layer-by-layer mechanisms of domain growth. The main characteristic of the initial switching stage, namely, the steady-state flux of repolarized domains, is found as a function of the applied field.
The authors synthesized and studied the characteristics of the phase composition and crystal structures of nanostructured Ni-Cd system. The formation ofordered intermetallic phase ...(Cd5Ni)in a nanostructured polymetallic system was established for the first time.
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