We present new single event effects testing results for the RTAX2000S field-programmable-gate-array. We tested sequential and combinational logic structures, input/output blocks, and embedded RAM ...with ions and protons.
Immunizations in Pregnancy Zakrzewski, Leanne, MD; Sur, Denise, MD
American family physician,
06/2013, Letnik:
87, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Immunizations to Target PREPREGNANCY Rubella infection in pregnancy is likely to cause fetal infection, which can result in miscarriage, fetal demise, and serious birth defects (e.g., cataracts, ...heart disease, deafness, intellectual disability). ...it is key to determine a patient's immunity and, if indicated, provide vaccination before pregnancy. ...vaccinating nonimmune women before pregnancy is recommended. In a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) study analyzing data from the 2009 to 2010 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, influenza vaccination coverage during pregnancy was considerably higher when the physician recommended or offered it (median of 53.1%) compared with when the physician did not (median of 14.4%).4 Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine should be provided during each pregnancy, preferably between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation.5 This timing recommendation is based on the maternal immune response, which peaks two weeks after administration.
Chromian spinels have been observed as disseminated accessories in gabbroic rocks and ores from the abandoned Ni-Cu mine of Kusa in the Proterozoic metallogenic province of Bergslagen, Sweden. ...Chemical and textural observations on chromian spinels from Kusa suggest a miscibility gap along the magnetite-chromite join between Mt40Chr60 and Mt70Chr30, and accordingly, a small correction to the previously described solvus is proposed.
Abstract
A study of mine dump material from Koberg, Bergslagen, Sweden has revealed a varied mineral assemblage, including Zr-,
REE
-, Th- and U-bearing minerals associated with the sulphide ore ...deposit. Detailed descriptions and microprobe analyses are presented of the rare earth minerals yttrian zirconolite and allanite-(Ce), and the zirconium oxide baddeleyite. Yttrian zirconolite is patchily zoned in the actinide elements Th and U, and the low analytical totals suggest the presence of several weight per cent of H
2
O. The implications of these features with respect to synthetic zirconolite in SYNROC and to radioactive waste management are briefly discussed. Chemical zoning of individual
REE
in yttrian zirconolite is described and the
REE
distribution compared with those of zirconolites from other localities. Allanite-(Ce) is generally unzoned, but contains
REE
-rich rims which are considered to be sub-micron intergrowths of allanite plus a bastnäisite-type mineral phase. The MgO content of allanite-(Ce) is unusually high and appears to be a characteristic feature of allanite from other cerium and mineral occurrences of Central Sweden. The rare earth minerals at Koberg are interpretated as having been formed as a result of localized remobilization of elements including Ti and Zr with H
2
O- and CO
2
-rich fluids.
UUTE Home Network for Wireless Health Monitoring Junnila, S.; Defee, I.; Zakrzewski, M. ...
2008 International Conference on Biocomputation, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Technologies,
2008
Conference Proceeding, Journal Article
This paper presents a home sensor network for wireless health monitoring, including a wireless sensor network, client for controlling the sensor network, and a data storage server. A common software ...and hardware microcontroller-sensor interface was defined to enable joint use of sensor technologies developed in three different projects. IEEE 802.15.4 RF-transceiver based radio-boards and ZigBee network software were designed and built, along with a simple sensor network software on top of the ZigBee stack, to implement the wireless sensor network. Both commercial and custom made sensors have been interfaced to the sensor network. A set-up consisting of four sensors was developed and tested in a real home environment. The architectural overview of the system and main technical design choices are presented.
ATP is an extracellular signal for the immune system, particularly during an inflammatory response. It is sensed by the P2X.sub.7 receptor, the expression of which is upregulated by pro-inflammatory ...cytokines. Activation of the P2X.sub.7 receptor opens a cation-specific channel that alters the ionic environment of the cell, activating several pathways, including (i) the inflammasome, leading to production of IL-1β and IL-18;(ii) the stress-activated protein kinase pathway, resulting in apoptosis; (iii) the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, leading to generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates; and (iv) phospholipase D, stimulating phagosomelysosome fusion. The P2X.sub.7 receptor can initiate host mechanisms to remove pathogens, most particularly those that parasitise macrophages. At the same time, the P2X.sub.7 receptor may be subverted by pathogens to modulate host responses. Moreover, recent genetic studies have demonstrated significant associations between susceptibility or resistance to parasites and bacteria, and loss-of-function or gain-of-function polymorphisms in the P2X.sub.7 receptor, underscoring its importance in infectious disease.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The P2X sub(7) receptor (P2X sub(7)R) is a two transmembrane receptor that is highly expressed on the surface of immune cells. Loss of function polymorphisms in this receptor have been linked to ...increased susceptibility to intracellular pathogens. P2X sub(7)R gene knockout (P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/-; on a C57Bl/6J background), C57Bl/6J and BALB/c mice were infected with the avirulent ME49 strain of the intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, and susceptibility determined by monitoring weight loss. P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/- mice lost significantly more weight than C57Bl/6J mice from day 8 p.i. C57Bl/6J, in turn, lost significantly more weight than BALB/c mice. Thus, by day 10 p.i., P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/- mice had lost 5.7 +/- 0.7% of their weight versus 2.4 +/- 0.6% for C57Bl/6J mice, whereas BALB/c mice had gained 1.9 +/- 0.5%; by day 12 p.i., P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/- mice had lost 15.1 +/- 0.6%, C57Bl/6J had lost 10.1 +/- 0.8% and BALB/c had lost 4.8 +/- 0.8% of their weight. Neither parasite burden nor liver pathology was greater in the P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/- mice than in C57Bl/6J mice but BALB/c mice had significantly smaller numbers of parasites and less pathology in their livers than these strains. Absence of the P2X sub(7) receptor did not affect IFN- gamma , IL-12, IL-1 beta , monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) or TNF production. However, both P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/- and C57Bl/6J mice produced more IL-1 beta and TNF than BALB/c mice. There was one important point of differentiation between the P2X sub(7)Rsuper-/- and C57Bl/6J mice, namely the significantly enhanced and prolonged production of nitric oxide, accompanied by delayed production of IL-10 in the P2X sub(7)R-deficient mice.
To investigate the effect of pretreatment oral and topical diclofenac on pain reduction during panretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Prospective, ...randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
A total of 90 patients with PDR requiring PRP for the first time were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 study groups: oral diclofenac (n = 30), topical diclofenac (n = 31), or placebo (n = 29).
Study medications were administrated before the first PRP treatment, and pain levels experienced during and 15 minutes after PRP were recorded on a visual analog scale (VAS). Pain levels during a second PRP session, performed on a later date with no pretreatment medications, also were recorded on a VAS.
The primary outcome measures were the mean VAS pain scores during the first PRP treatment. Secondary outcome measures were the mean VAS pain scores 15 minutes after the first PRP and during the second PRP, and reported side effects after the first PRP.
Mean VAS pain scores during the first PRP were: oral diclofenac, 25.7+/-19.9; topical diclofenac, 33.8+/-27.9; and placebo, 41.3+/-31.0. The pain score difference between oral diclofenac and placebo was both clinically significant (>or=13) and statistically significant (P = 0.02), whereas differences between oral and topical diclofenac (P = 0.20) and topical diclofenac and placebo (P = 0.33) were not. Multivariate regression analysis for age, gender, and total laser energy demonstrated lower pain levels for both oral diclofenac (P = 0.015) and topical diclofenac (P<0.0001) versus placebo, but no difference between oral and topical diclofenac (P = 0.67). For the first PRP, all 3 groups had lower mean pain scores at 15 minutes after treatment compared with during treatment (P<or=0.0003). Mean pain scores were higher during the second compared with the first PRP for the oral diclofenac (P = 0.02) and placebo (P = 0.05) groups. No significant rate difference for any side effect was found between groups.
When given in a single dose, oral diclofenac is an effective pretreatment analgesic agent for reducing the pain experienced during PRP for PDR.
The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
![The role of the [P2X.sub.7]...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/1553-7366/small "The role of the [P2X.sub.7] receptor in infectious diseases")
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