The Time-Of-Flight (TOF) detector of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC is based on Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) technology. During the 2009-2013 data taking the TOF system had very ...stable operations with a total time resolution of 80ps. Details of the different calibration procedures and performance with data from collisions at the LHC will be described.
Known laparoscopic and robotic assisted approaches and techniques for the surgical management of urological malignant and benign diseases are commonly used around the World. During the global ...pandemic COVID-19, urology surgeons had to reorganize their daily surgical practice. A concern with the use of minimally invasive techniques arose due to a proposed risk of viral transmission of the coronavirus disease with the creation of pneumoperitoneum. Due to this, we reviewed the literature to evaluate the use of laparoscopy and robotics during the pandemic COVID-19. A literature review of viral transmission in surgery and of the available literature regarding the transmission of the COVID-19 virus was performed up to April 30, 2020. We additionally reviewed surgical society guidelines and recommendations regarding surgery during this pandemic. Few studies have been performed on viral transmission during surgery. No study has been made regarding this area during minimally invasive urology cases. To date there is no study that demonstrates or can suggest the ability for a virus to be transmitted during surgical treatment whether open, laparoscopic or robotic. There is no society consensus on restricting laparoscopic or robotic surgery. However, there is expert consensus on modification of standard practices to minimize any risk of transmission. During the pandemic COVID-19 we recommend the use of specific personal protective equipment for the surgeon, anesthesiologist and nursing staff in the operating room. Modifications of standard practices during minimally invasive surgery such as using lowest intra-abdominal pressures possible, controlled smoke evacuation systems, and minimizing energy device usage are recommended.
Various experiments are searching for detectors that can cover large areas (as in the present LHC experiments) with excellent timing performances and insensitivity to magnetic field. A detector based ...on scintillators coupled to SiPM can fulfil these requirements. SiPMs are indeed replacing the standard PhotoMultiplier technology thanks to the many advantages, with the corresponding possibility to achieve also higher segmentations in calorimetry or other applications. Also in view of future colliders experiments like HL-LHC or FCC or medical applications like TOF-PET, an important R&D on timing performances of SiPMs-scintillator detectors has begun, with the goal of including them in the list of possible 4-D tracking-timing devices.
An R&D on SiPM coupled to scintillator time resolution has been performed in a cosmic ray setup. Different kind of SiPMs, geometries of SiPMs coupled to the scintillator and different size of scintillator have been also studied. A time resolution of ∼69 ps, comprehensive of the full electronic chain, from the front-end to the readout electronics, has been achieved with SiPMs coupled to a 2x2x3 cm3 plastic scintillator.
Event-by-event (E-by-E) fluctuations are considered to be one of the possible indications that a phase transition from ordinary hadronic matter to a plasma of quarks and gluons has occurred, as it is ...expected to happen in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this article, the results of a study concerning the observability of E-by-E fluctuations for the ALICE experiment at the LHC collider at CERN is presented. In particular, an estimate of the E-by-E statistical sensitivity in the measurement of the inverse slope parameter from the transverse momentum spectra of hadrons and of their particle ratios is discussed. The analysis relies on the excellent performance of ALICE in terms of particle identification.
ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective ...multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.
This paper reports on the results of time resolution measurements of detectors consisting of SiPMs coupled to a scintillator. The R&D has been performed both in a cosmic-ray setup, at the Bologna ...INFN laboratories, and in a beam test, at the CERN T10 beam line. Different couplings, direct or by means of optical fibres, have been tested. The measurements indicate that to reach better time resolutions, it is important to have a direct coupling between the SiPM and the scintillator. A time resolution of 67 ps has been achieved, for the direct coupling, broadened by the full electronics chain jitter.
Final test of the MRPC production for the ALICE TOF detector Akindinov, A.; Alici, A.; Antonioli, P. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2009, Letnik:
602, Številka:
3
Journal Article
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Odprti dostop
During the autumn of 2006 a final test of a sample of double-stack MRPC (Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber) strips, randomly chosen from two years of mass production (the ALICE Time-Of-Flight detector ...is made of 1638 strips), was carried out at the CERN Proton Synchrotron facility. The results on the performances of the MRPCs and of the front-end and readout electronics will be presented. It is confirmed that these devices have a very good uniformity of response, a long streamer-free plateau, an efficiency higher than 99% and an “intrinsic” time resolution better than about 40
ps.
The Time-Of-Flight detector (TOF) of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC is based on Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs). The TOF detector consists of 152928 readout channels covering a total ...area of 141 m
2
. In this paper the results of the calibration with cosmic-ray data collected during 2009 are presented.
The Time-Of-Flight (TOF) detector of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC is based on Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) capable to achieve a time resolution better than 50
ps. The TOF ...detector consists of about 153
000 readout channels covering a total area of about
150
m
2
. In this paper the results of the commissioning of the full TOF are reported, including the first calibration results obtained with cosmic rays.
For the identification of particles in the momentum range 0.5–2.5GeV/c, the ALICE experiment uses a Time Of Flight array consisting of Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) in the form of long ...strips. The design of the detector elements is as follows : double stack MRPCs with glass resistive plates and 5 gas gaps of 250μm per stack. The latest results on the performance of these MRPCs are presented. Typical values of time resolution σ are better than 50ps, with an efficiency of 99.9% and a long, more than 1.5kV, streamer-free plateau.
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