The expediency of using systems of proactive diagnostics of power transformers is substantiated. The diagnostic system expands the possibilities of analyzing the transformer condition in operating ...mode. It allows one to minimize the expected damage from interruptions in power supply and equipment failure. The results can be used in world practice during construction of various control systems to identify developing transformer defects caused by windings deformations.
This article considers an urgent task of using autonomous sources for power supply systems of industrial enterprises of small and medium-sized production. The efficiency of choosing the time of their ...switching-on in peak hours of power system in order to reduce the cost of electricity is shown on the example of diesel generators.
Patients with chronic critical illness lose a considerable portion of their muscle mass while hospitalized in an intensive care unit, which can have long-term detrimental effects. Among other ...factors, this leads to a disintegration of muscle cytoskeleton, and currently there are no comprehensive studies describing the mechanisms behind the development of this pathology. Here, we aimed to investigate the signaling processes that contribute to desmin degradation in patients with critical illness myopathy (CIM). Incisional needle biopsies of the soleus muscle were taken from 6 patients with a chronic (≥ 2 months) disorder of consciousness, undergoing treatment at the Polenov Neurosurgical Institute (Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg) and healthy men (control). Muscle tissue samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen for subsequent Western blot and PCR analyses, as well as immunohistochemical examination. The analysis showed that fibers with an altered histological desmin pattern were visually identified in 4 out of 6 patients. A significant decrease in desmin (by 69%) and its mRNA (by 24%) levels was observed in patients with CIM. Desmin degradation is known to occur due to increased calpain activity and activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In this study, calpain-1 content increased in CIM patients at the protein level, while remaining unchanged at the mRNA level. We detected changes in GSK3-β Ser
9
-phosphorylation, which is a critical step in calpain-1-mediated depolymerization of desmin filaments. A study of ubiquitin ligases revealed a significant 155% increase in Trim32 expression paralleled by a decrease in Atrogin1 and MuRF1 expression. Thus, we observed a decrease in desmin content under CIM conditions. Desmin degradation may result from its increased GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation and subsequent calpain-1-mediated cleavage. Moreover, we found an increase in the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim32 whose activity, according to the literature, also rises after desmin phosphorylation.
Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a primary myopathy that develops in critically ill patients. Histological features of CIM include a general reduction in muscle fiber cross-sectional area and a ...predominant loss of the motor protein myosin in the absence of inflammatory infiltrates but with detectable cytokine activation. This study was aimed to examine the state of the soleus muscle extracellular matrix in patients with CIM caused by chronic disorders of consciousness. Incisional needle biopsies of the soleus muscle were taken from 6 patients with a chronic (≥ 2 months) disorder of consciousness, undergoing treatment at the Polenov Neurosurgical Institute (Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg), and healthy men (control). Histological staining of soleus muscle sections in patients with CIM revealed a significantly increased collagen area that exceeded control values by 82%. Type I, III and VIa collagen mRNA levels, along with type I and III collagen content, were increased. No changes were found in fibronectin and extracellular tissue growth factor mRNA levels. However, integrin α7 mRNA levels were elevated. Our results indicate significant skeletal muscle fibrosis in CIM, requiring further studies on the signaling pathways that regulate this process.
This paper considers the relevance of the control with rill-washing corrosion. The flow of fluid in the pipe is modeled by the example of a conditional pipeline. This will allow one to determine the ...moment of formation of the flow of a two-phase fluid flow and to determine the interval for placement of the dissecting couplings. A scheme is proposed for arranging dissecting couplings along the whole route of the field pipeline.
in modern conditions, when the equipment of domestic industrial enterprises is significantly worn out, it becomes important to use outsourcing repairs as a way to improve the reliability of equipment ...by ensuring the quality of repair. The decision to outsource is made on the basis of different criteria using different approaches, some of which have certain drawbacks. For example, a decision based on a revenue change might be wrong because it is not related to outsourcing. Multi-criteria approaches are ineffective due to mutual compensation of deteriorating and improving criteria. The algorithm of decision-making on outsourcing of repair of the equipment and the choice of service providers on the basis of comparison of costs of outsourcing and insourcing is presented.The widespread structure of repair service of the industrial enterprises is considered and its reorganization in the conditions of repair outsourcing application is offered. The criteria and method of their calculation for the possibility of evaluating the effectiveness of repair outsourcing equipment. To assess the effectiveness of the reorganization of the repair service, the ratio of repair time, the number of failures, the number of defects, the repair costs are taken. For the detection of improvement or deterioration in the quality of the repair after the use of outsourcing, you must use the product of these relations.
Soil condition influences on its water conductivity, defining the completeness usage of atmospheric precipitations. Water conductivity relatively may be divided into summer and winter. Summer water ...conductivity depends much upon ground density but winter water conductivity solves more demanding challenge - accumulation of all winter precipitations in short time and depends not so much upon the density as its moisture 1.It is obvious, that ground moisture and the depth of its freezing define of snowmelt runoff and reflect the ability of the frozen ground to pass through itself moisture. However, more passing over the moisture is carried out by the soil with less moisture of topsoil and the depth of its freezing before spring period. Thus, carried out investigations allow to understand thoroughly the nature of spring flow of melt water and the character of washing away the soil from the slope. During crop cultivation in the steppe zone some parts of the soil rotation (up to 30%) is occupied by fallow fields, without vegetation for much time. These soils are more subjected to water and wind erosion. In this case the only possible methods of conservation them from destruction are special regional agrotechnical methods and means of tillage mechanization. Formation of planting holes on the field surface made by digging and embossing (pressing) will be more acceptable method of soil conservation from erosion under complex topography when the same field has versatile exposure and different steepness slope up to 4°. There are few articles devoted to the problem of antierosive treatment. But high agrotechnical effectiveness of holing by embossing (pressing) method on the steep slope up to 4° 2 has been established in these works. Decreasing water holding capacity of the holes influenced by form and the size of the holes as well as their position relatively slope is taken place by increasing the slope steepness. In order to exclude the influence of these factors on the hole capacity it is recommended to form them of bowl form with small capacity and in order to accumulate all snowmelt runoff on the unit area it is recommended to regulate the amount of holes, defined the total water holding capacity of this area. The aim of the investigation is prevention of water erosion on the fallow fields with the slope up to 4° according to the sizes and forms substantiation of embossed holes, defined hydrometrical criteria of melt water flowing.
Sweep-Soil Interaction: a Mathematical Model Zaripova, N A; Soyunov, A S; Algazin, D N ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science,
04/2021, Letnik:
720, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Cutting-edge tillage machinery design involves the evolving theory of implement-soil interaction. This paper proposes a mathematical model that represents the performance indicators of a ...sweep (soil deformation, draught, contact pressure) as a function of design and operating factors (note: this paper covers low-crown sweeps). Analysis of these equations and the results of field experiments show that increasing the nose angle will reduce the drag and require less force to cut the stubbles. As the cutting angle increases, more force is required to cut through; the penetration ability is directly proportional to cos
α
.
Abstract
The paper presents the results of analytical studies. It describes the basics of modeling the chisel plough and soil interaction; it further analyzes the hypothesis of how soil is deformed. ...To reduce the draught of the implement, the authors propose using elastic cutter mounts to induce self-oscillations. The paper derives the amplitude of such oscillations expressed in terms of the cutter tilt angle α(t) and the moment of all forces acting on the cutter on the soil side.
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