Numerous studies have been conducted to assess the role of human errors in accidents in different industries. Human reliability analysis (HRA) has drawn a great deal of attention among safety ...engineers and risk assessment analyzers. Despite all technical advances and the development of processes, damaging and catastrophic accidents still happen in many industries. Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART) and Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) methods were compared with the hierarchical fuzzy system in a steel industry to investigate the human error. This study was carried out in a rolling unit of the steel industry, which has four control rooms, three shifts, and a total of 46 technicians and operators. After observing the work process, reviewing the documents, and interviewing each of the operators, the worksheets of each research method were completed. CREAM and HEART methods were defined in the hierarchical fuzzy system and the necessary rules were analyzed. The findings of the study indicated that CREAM was more successful than HEART in showing a better capability to capture task interactions and dependencies as well as logical estimation of the HEP in the plant studied. Given the nature of the tasks in the studied plant and interactions and dependencies among tasks, it seems that CREAM is a better method in comparison with the HEART method to identify errors and calculate the HEP.
Background: Numerous studies have been conducted to assess the role of human errors in accidents in different industries. Human reliability analysis (HRA) has drawn a great deal of attention among ...safety engineers and risk assessment analyzers. Despite technical advances and the development of processes, damaging and catastrophic accidents still happen in many industries. Objectives: Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART) and Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) methods were compared with the hierarchical fuzzy system in a steel industry to investigate the human error. Methods: This study was carried out in a rolling unit of the steel industry, which has four control rooms, three shifts and a total of 46 technicians and operators. After observing the work process, reviewing the documents, and interviewing each of the operators, the worksheets of each research method were completed. CREAM and HEART methods were defined in the hierarchical fuzzy system and the necessary rules were created and analyzed. Results: The findings of the study indicated that CREAM was more successful than HEART in showing a better capability to capture task interactions and dependencies as well as logical estimation of the HEP in the plant studied. Conclusions: Given the nature of the tasks in the studied plant and interactions and dependencies among tasks, it seems that CREAM is a better method in comparison with the HEART method to identify errors and calculate the HEP.
In industry and developed societies, annual work accidents can bring about huge losses. By proper analysis of these events, the development of controlling measures can be the most important action to ...prevent similar events and enhance the health of the society. Hence, the current study was aimed at analyzing a case of occupational accidents leading to death in one of the car industries. This qualitative case study was conducted in spring, 2018. With the implementation of Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP), the incident statement had been described accurately and, then, a safety control structure has been designed to determine inadequate effective safety control actions in the event of an accident. In the analysis of the incident, various factors were involved at different levels of incident hierarchy where the various components of socio-technical systems interact with each other; the inadequate control action of the safety unit was more prominent. Based on the STAMP technique, unlike traditional methods, does not consider the cause of the accident just a component of failure or malfunction of the system. Therefore, it provides a useful tool in incident analysis, especially in complicated and sensitive systems.
Introduction: Human factors studies have shown that about 80% of the root causes of major accidents affecting safety, the environment or ergonomics are related to human error. The purpose of this ...study was to identify human errors using the HFACS method and the FAHP theory in cement industry. Methods: The present study was a retrospective study carried out in the cement industry. At first, RCA analysis of 95 incidents occurred during the past six years. Then, by integrating the human factors analysis and classification system technique ) HFACS(and the theory of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process ) FAHP( with 4 safety engineers The accident factory was analyzed. Results: The results of this study show that the highest errors are related to the first level with a weight of 0.272, that is, the errors caused by unsafe acts, at this level of the subgroup "skill-based error" with a weight of 0.269, the 2nd level of the sub-group "industrial environment" with a weight of 0.155 , The 3rd subgroup of "inadequate supervision" with the weight of 0.352 and the 4th sub-category "resource management" with a weight of 0.393 have the highest impact on the levels. Conclusion: The results showed that errors have various causes, including individual, activity, situational, and organizational errors that require careful planning and management to eliminate or reduce these errors. This error reduction, according to safety expert theory, Health and environment of the cement plant including the promotion and effectiveness of staff training, safety guidelines, improvement of staff performance monitoring, identification, evaluation and elimination of high-risk risks, improvement of management and equipment systems, changing safety attitudes, as well as enhancing safety attitudes. Awareness can help reduce the likelihood of human error in the organization.
Introduction: Occupational burnout is determined by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between shift ...work and burnout in different parts of a teaching hospital in Ahvaz city in 2016. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 180 shift nurses. Stratified sampling was used to collect samples and Maslach and Jackson's burnout questionnaires were applied to collect data. Data were then analyzed using SPSS18 software. Results: Analysis of the results of this study showed that "emotional exhaustion" and "depersonalization" with respective frequencies of 77.2 % and 92.8 % are severe in nurses. On the other hand, the "reduced personal performance" has been reported at a rate of 90.6 %. Conclusion: High levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization on the one hand and low level of reduced personal performance among the studied nurses is an alert for managers in the field of health. In the case of not considering appropriate management measures to improve the burnout dimensions, psychological and physical damages can be caused by shift work on employees of the health sector.
Introduction: Desirable lighting is of the main factors in educational spaces. It is clear that schools with inadequate lighting cause great musculoskeletal injuries, vision problems, neurological ...and learning problems in students. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the lighting intensity of elementary schools in Ahvaz city and to compare it with the standard values in 2017.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among the elementary schools in the eastern area of Ahvaz. A number of classes and halls were selected from each school by cluster sampling method. Then, the intensity of general lighting was measured using a network method. The 1339 Tes brightness measuring instrument was used to measure the general and local illumination. Finally, data were analyzed by Excel software.
Results: The results showed that the average brightness intensity was lower than the recommended standard in 75 percent of classes and 62.5 percent of halls. In terms of lighting conditions, girls' schools were more undesirable compared with boys' schools. Moreover, measurement of localized lighting on boards and tables showed that only 12.5 percent of classrooms had a good condition.
Conclusion: The inappropriate and faulty sources of lighting systems have led to a non-uniform distribution of lighting in schools. Therefore, in order to improve the level of students' health and learning, lighting systems should be corrected to achieve appropriate illumination in accordance with the standard values in schools.
Background: It is necessary to identify and determine the probability of human error in order to improve the level of health and safety of employees and reduce accidents.For this reason, this study ...was conducted to identify human error in the flour production process using the "Hazard and Operability" technique. Methods: Data collection was carried out through business case sheets and interviews with workers who have been involved in events as well as affected workers, and through the application of Human Hazop technique. Potential errors of people were predicted, analyzed andthe controls were provided. Results: Human Hazop work-sheet analysis showed that the total number of human errors detected in the studied job tasks was 144, 75% of which were eliminated.The results of the study on the causes of the error show that the highest cause of the error is fatigue factor with 33.3%. Conclusion: With the precise application of the Hazard and Operability Method, possible types of operator errors and their consequences can be identified, and control paths to reduce human error can be provided. It canultimately create a safer environment and reduce the number of accidents.
PDF
