Among all inorganic halide perovskite photovoltaic materials, CsPbIBr2 exhibits the most balanced features in terms of bandgap and stability. However, the poor quality of solution‐processed CsPbIBr2 ...films impedes further optimization of cells performance. Herein, a facile intermolecular exchange strategy for CsPbIBr2 film is demonstrated, wherein an optimized methanol solution of CsI is spin‐coated on CsPbIBr2 precursor film in conventional one‐step solution route. It surprisingly produces full‐coverage and pure‐phase CsPbIBr2 films featured with average grain size of ≈0.65 µm, few grain boundaries, high crystallinity, preferable (100) orientation, stoichiometric composition along with favorable electronic structures for effective dissociation and transfer of carriers. Hence, the cost‐effective, carbon‐based all‐inorganic planar perovskite solar cells based on them, yield an optimized efficiency of 9.16% with a stabilized value of 8.46% in ambient air conditions that highlight a particularly superb open‐circuit voltage of 1.245 V, all of which represent the highest values reported in pure CsPbIBr2 based cells so far. Moreover, the optimized cell without encapsulation shows excellent long‐term stability because it can retain 90% over 60 days and 97% over 7 days of its initial efficiency, when is stored controllably in ≈45% relative humidity at 25 or 85 °C at zero humidity, respectively.
A carbon‐based all‐inorganic planar CsPbIBr2 solar cell with a record efficiency of 9.16%, an extremely high open‐circuit voltage of 1.245 V, and excellent long‐term stability is achieved by a facile intermolecular exchange strategy. Its impressive performance mainly derives from the desirable features of CsPbIBr2 film including full coverage, high crystallinity, preferable (100) orientation, and stoichiometric composition along with favorable electronic structure.
Highlights
A novel interface design of producing interfacial voids is proposed for CsPbIBr
2
perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which is free of any extra modification layer.
Interfacial voids improve ...absorption of CsPbIBr
2
film, reduce saturation current density, and enlarge built-in potential of the PSCs.
The PSC yields a superior efficiency of 10.20% with a record-high photovoltage of 1.338 V.
A novel interface design is proposed for carbon-based, all-inorganic CsPbIBr
2
perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by introducing interfacial voids between TiO
2
electron transport layer and CsPbIBr
2
absorber. Compared with the general interfacial engineering strategies, this design exempts any extra modification layer in final PSC. More importantly, the interfacial voids produced by thermal decomposition of 2-phenylethylammonium iodide trigger three beneficial effects. First, they promote the light scattering in CsPbIBr
2
film and thereby boost absorption ability of the resulting CsPbIBr
2
PSCs. Second, they suppress recombination of charge carriers and thus reduce dark saturation current density (
J
0
) of the PSCs. Third, interfacial voids enlarge built-in potential (
V
bi
) of the PSCs, awarding increased driving force for dissociating photo-generated charge carriers. Consequently, the PSC yields the optimized efficiency of 10.20% coupled with an open-circuit voltage (
V
oc
) of 1.338 V. The
V
oc
achieved herein represents the best value among CsPbIBr
2
PSCs reported earlier. Meanwhile, the non-encapsulated PSCs exhibit an excellent stability against light, thermal, and humidity stresses, since it remains ~ 97% or ~ 94% of its initial efficiency after being heated at 85 °C for 12 h or stored in ambient atmosphere with relative humidity of 30–40% for 60 days, respectively.
Using the Hamiltonian function method with different powers, this paper studies the observer-based finite-time robust control problem of general nonlinear uncertain systems with time delay and ...presents some new results on this issue. First, by applying Hamiltonian realization method, the paper develops an equivalent Hamiltonian form of original system and designs its observer system. Then, based on the observer system, we study finite-time control problem and present several finite-time stabilization and finite-time robust stabilization results by using the augmented technology and the Lyapunov method. Finally, a real unmanned vehicle is used to verify the performance of the observer-based finite-time robust stabilization controller. Different from the existing literature on Hamiltonian method, the Hamiltonian function in the paper has different powers, which implies that the results developed in the paper have a wider range of application.
Flexible manipulation of the fate of cancer cells through exogenous stimulation-induced metabolic reprogramming could handle the cellular plasticity-derived therapies resistance, which provides an ...effective paradigm for the treatment of refractory and relapsing tumors in clinical settings. Herein, we demonstrated that moderate heat (45 °C) could significantly regress the expression of antioxidants and trigger specific lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells synergized with iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs). This metabolic control behavior destroyed the tumor redox homeostasis and produced overwhelming lipid peroxides, consequently sensitizing the tumor to ferroptosis. Based on these findings, a heat-triggered tumor-specific ferroptosis strategy was proposed by the rational design of a polypeptide-modified and 1H-perfluoropentane (1H-PFP)-encapsulated Fe3O4-containing nanoformulation (GBP@Fe3O4). When irradiated by an 808 nm laser, the phase transition of 1H-PFP was triggered by localized moderate heat (45 °C), leading to burst release of Fe3O4 in situ to produce potent reactive oxygen species through the Fenton reaction in the tumor microenvironment. Together with the antioxidant inhibition response and distinctive lipid metabolic reprogramming by heat stress, this oxidative damage was amplified to induce tumor ferroptosis and achieve sufficient antitumor effects. Importantly, we confirmed that ACSBG1, an acyl-CoA synthetase, was the key pro-ferroptotic factor in this heat-induced ferroptosis process. Moreover, knockout of this gene could realize cancer cell death fate conversion from ferroptosis to non-ferroptotic death. This work provides mechanistic insights and practical strategies for heat-triggered ferroptosis in situ to reduce the potential side effects of direct ferroptosis inducers and highlights the key factor in regulating cell fate under heat stress.
Image-guided combined chemo-thermal therapy assists in optimizing treatment time, enhancing therapeutic efficiency, and circumventing side effects. In the present study, we developed a ...chemo-photothermal theranostic platform based on polydopamine (PDA)-coated gold nanorods (GNRs). The PDA coating was thin; however, it significantly suppressed the cytotoxicity of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide template and allowed high cisplatin loading efficiency, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide (c(RGDyC)) conjugation, and chelator-free iodine-125 labeling (RGD-125IPt-PDA@GNRs). While loaded cisplatin was released in a pH-sensitive manner, labeled 125I was outstandingly stable under biological conditions. RGD-125IPt-PDA@GNRs had a high specificity for αvβ3 integrin, and consequently, they could selectively accumulate in tumors, as revealed by single photon emission computed tomography/CT imaging, and in target tumor angiogenic vessels, as shown by high-resolution photoacoustic imaging. As RGD-125IPt-PDA@GNRs targets tumor angiogenesis, it is a highly potent tumor therapy. Combined chemo-photothermal therapy with probes could thoroughly ablate tumors and inhibit tumor relapse via a synergistic antitumor effect. Our studies demonstrated that RGD-125IPt-PDA@GNRs is a robust platform for image-guided, chemo-thermal tumor therapy with outstanding synergistic tumor killing and relapse inhibition effects.
The robust synchronization of uncertain master–slave Lur’e systems based on time-delayed feedback control is further investigated. A less conservative synchronization stability criterion and a less ...conservative robust synchronization stability criterion than some recent published references are proposed via Lyapunov stability theory. First, an augmented delay-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) is constructed, where some single integral terms are augmented to the integrand component of a single-integral subfunction. This not only increases some coupling information on some system variables but also increases the coupling information on some necessary variables contained in the inequality lemmas, which can make full use of the inequality lemmas and reduce the conservatism of the synchronization stability criterion. Second, to overcome the nonlinear phenomena in the synchronization criterion, the novel negative definite inequality equivalent transformation lemma is used to transform the nonlinear inequalities to the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) equivalently, which can be easily solved by the MATLAB LMI-Toolbox. Finally, some common numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Perovskite/PCBM heterojunctions are efficient for fabricating perovskite solar cells with high performance and long-term stability. In this study, an efficient perovskite/PCBM heterojunction was ...formed via conventional sequential deposition and one-step formation processes. Compared with conventional deposition, the one-step process was more facile, and produced a perovskite thin film of substantially improved quality due to fullerene passivation. Moreover, the resulting perovskite/PCBM heterojunction exhibited more efficient carrier transfer and extraction, and reduced carrier recombination. The perovskite solar cell device based on one-step perovskite/PCBM heterojunction formation exhibited a higher maximum PCE of 17.8% compared with that from the conventional method (13.7%). The device also showed exceptional stability, retaining 83% of initial PCE after 60 days of storage under ambient conditions.
We report the first attempt of the diamond MOSFETs with MoO 3 dielectric directly deposited on H-diamond surface preserving atmospheric-adsorbate-induced 2DHG. The transistors with 4-μm gate show a ...transconductance of 29 mS/mm and an ON-resistance of 75.25 Ω · mm at |VGS - VTH| = 2.2 V, respectively. The effective mobility is extracted to be 108 cm 2 /(Vs) from the relationship between the ON-resistance and |VGS - VTH|. The relatively high transconductance among the reported diamond MOSFETs with the same gate length could be attributed to the quite low ON-resistance. The evaluated high mobility indicates good interface characteristics between diamond and MoO 3 . However, the saturation drain current is limited at 33 mA/mm by the forward gate breakdown at VGS of around -2 V.
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are of great interest due to their potential for breaking the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction silicon solar cells. Perovskite solar cells are widely ...used as the top subcells in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells due to their high efficiency and lower fabrication cost. Herein, we review the semi-transparent perovskite solar cell in terms of the mechanisms of their translucent structure, transparent electrodes, charge transport layer, and component modification. In addition, recent progress in the research and development of 4T perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells is summarized, with emphasis on the influence of perovskite structure and silicon cells on the progress of tandem solar cells. Finally, we discuss the challenges associated with 4T perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and suggest directions for the development of perovskite/silicon commercialization.
All-inorganic perovskite CsPbI2Br has received much attention recently due to its suitable bandgap and excellent thermal stability. Herein, we demonstrated a low temperature solution process to ...obtain high quality CsPbI2Br films and fabricate devices with a facile n-i-p structure (ITO/SnO2/CsPbI2Br/Spiro-OMeTAD/MoO3/Ag), in which MoO3 was introduced as interfacial layer that led to high efficient charge extraction and suppressed carrier recombination. As a result, the champion cells exhibited a relatively high power conversion efficiency of 14.05% and superb fill factor of 81.5%. More importantly, unencapsulated PSCs with MoO3 interfacial layers showed outstanding stabilities with retaining 80% of initial PCE with thermal treatment at 85 °C for 140 min in ambient air, 80% of initial PCE under continuous illumination for 120 min in ambient air, and 89% of initial PCE after being stored in N2 glove-box over 60 days. Meantime, it should be mentioned that all interlayers and active layer were processed at temperature below 160 °C, and hence, this fabrication technique is promising for flexible energy devices and future commercialization.
Low temperature processed high performance all-inorganic perovskite solar cells with MoO3 as interfacial layer have been achieved with PCE exceeding 14% via sequential graded thermal annealing process. Moreover, the unencapsulated device exhibited enhanced operational stability under continuously simulated sunlight illumination, thermal stability and outstanding air stability after 60 days of storage under N2 condition. Display omitted
•High performance with PCE of 14 % and FF of 81.5 % are achieved by using low temperature solution processed CsPbI2Br.•The MoO3 interfacial layer has been introduced to enhance charge extraction and suppressed carrier recombination.•The unencapsulated device exhibited enhanced operational stability and thermal stability.
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