With the continuous breakthroughs in molecular biology and biochemistry, we have constantly made great progress in the treatment of lung cancer. There is no doubt that standard treatment (such as ...surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy) has greatly improved the prognosis of lung cancer populations. In particular, the immunotherapy has brought more and more good news to countless lung cancer patients. In contrast to these standard treatments, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rarely has a profound and comprehensive overview in the field of lung cancer. This article will summarize the latest progress of TCM in lung cancer which is mainly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from theory to clinical practice, which would carry forward the sophisticated TCM and promote the development of modern medicine.
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•Lung Cancer——From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine.•"Strengthening the body" and "eliminating evil".•Adjuvant TCM therapy after standard treatment in NSCLC.•Enlightenment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory to Future Medicine.
•Oncolytic virotherapy and lung cancer.•Design and delivery of oncolytic viruses.•Oncolytic virus combined with standard treatment of lung cancer.•Oncolytic virus combined with lung cancer ...immunotherapy strategy.
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health worldwide, while the covid-19 virus has become people's nightmare after the coronavirus pandemic. There are too many similarities between cancer cells and viruses, one of the most significant is that both of them are our enemies. The strategy to take the advantage of the virus to beat cancer cells is called Oncolytic virotherapy. When immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors has made remarkable breakthroughs in the clinical practice of lung cancer, the induction of antitumor immunity from immune cells gradually becomes a rapidly developing and promising strategy of cancer therapy. Oncolytic virotherapy is based on the same mechanisms that selectively kill tumor cells and induce systemic anti-tumor immunity, but still has a long way to go before it becomes a standard treatment for lung cancer. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest progress in oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer, including the specific mechanism of oncolytic virus therapy and the main types of oncolytic viruses, and the combination of oncolytic virotherapy and existing standard treatments. It aims to provide new insights and ideas on oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer.
The investigation on the modification of NaY zeolite on LaHY and AEHY (AE refers Ca and Sr and the molar ratio of Ca and Sr is 1:1) zeolites was proformed by XRD, N2-physisorption (BET), XRF, XPS, ...NH3-TPD, Py-IR, hydrothermal stability, and catalytic cracking test. These results indicate that HY zeolite with ultra low content Na can be obtained from NaY zeolite through four exchange four calcination method. The positioning capability of La(3+) in sodalite cage is much better than that of AE(2+) and about 12 La(3+) can be well coordinated in sodalite cages of one unit cell of Y zeolite. Appropriate acid amount and strength favor the formation of propylene and La(3+) is more suitable for the catalytic cracking of cyclohexane than that of AE(2+). Our results not only elaborate the variation of the strong and weak acid sites as well as the Brönsted and Lewis acid sites with the change of exchanged ion content but also explore the influence of hydrothermal aging of LaHY and AEHY zeolites and find the optimum ion exchange content for the most reserved acid sites. At last, the coordination state and stabilization of ion exchanged Y zeolites were discussed in detail.
Objective. In recent years, the noninvasive serological scoring system has become a research hotspot in predicting hepatic fibrosis and has achieved good results. However, it has rarely been applied ...to the prediction of oesophageal varices. The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of the four following scoring systems in cirrhosis combined with oesophageal varices: aspartate and platelet ratio index (APRI), aspartate aminotransferase-alanine aminotransferase ratio (AAR), FIB-4, and S index. Methods. A total of 153 patients with cirrhosis were categorized into groups with or without oesophageal varices. In addition, cirrhosis patients with oesophageal varices were further divided into mild, moderate, and severe grades. The rank sum test was used to compare the significant differences of APRI, AAR, FIB-4, and S index between the two groups of cirrhosis patients with or without oesophageal varices. A ROC curve was generated to compare the area under the curve of the three groups and to obtain the corresponding optimal prediction value. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the predictive factors for cirrhosis combined with oesophageal varices. Results. 44 patients had no oesophageal varices and 108 patients had oesophageal varices. Of the 108 patients with oesophageal varices, 43 were mild, 32 were moderate, and 33 were severe. The rank sum test indicated that the APRI, FIB-4, and S index were statistically significant between two groups (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected in terms of AAR between the two groups (P > 0.05). In addition, all four scoring systems were statistically significant between nonoesophageal varices group and severe oesophageal varices group (P < 0.05). In the ROC curve of oesophageal varices, the AUC values of APRI, FIB-4, and S index for predicting oesophageal varices were 0.681, 0642, and 0.673, respectively. However, in the ROC curve of severe oesophageal varices, the AUC values of APRI, AAR, FIB-4, and S index were 0.729, 0.648, 0.673, and 0.695, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that APRI and FIB-4 were predictors of disease progression (P < 0.05). Conclusion. AAR harboured a poor predictive value for oesophageal varices, APRI can be used as a reference index for the prediction of severe oesophageal varices, and the S index harboured potential value in predicting the degree of progression of cirrhosis.
ATP1B3 encodes the β3 subunit of Na
/K
-ATPase and is located in the q22-23 region of chromosome 3. Na
/K
-ATPase participates in normal cellular activities but also plays a crucial role in ...carcinogenesis. In the present study, we found that expression of the β3 subunit of Na
/K
-ATPase was increased in human gastric cancer tissues compared with that in normal matched tissues and that this increased expression predicted a poor outcome. ATP1B3 expression was elevated at both the mRNA and protein levels in gastric cancer cell lines relative to those in a normal gastric epithelial cell line. Interestingly, ATP1B3 knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony-formation ability, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cell lines. Additionally, knockdown induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ATP1B3 silencing decreased the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), indicating that ATP1B3 regulates gastric cancer cell progression via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Hence, the β3 subunit of Na
/K
-ATPase plays an essential role in the tumourigenesis of gastric cancer and may be a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
The actual marine corrosion behavior and tensile properties of 2195 alloy and 2297 alloy in T8 state were studied by means of marine environment outdoor xeposure testing. The cross-sectional and ...macro morphologies of the alloys after outdoor exposure for different times were analyzed. The results indicated that the alloys possessed poor marine-corrosion resistance and rapidly corroded in an actual marine environment. The grain-interior corrosion (GIC) was the main corrosion mechanism for 2195 alloy and 2297 alloy, leading a lot of corrosive holes. Moreover, the reasons for GIC was discussed through microstructure analysis. Additionally, the trend of tensile performance of both alloys during outdoor exposure to marine environment was also studied. It is found that the tensile properties of both alloys gradually degraded with the increase of exposure time due to the occurrence of corrosive holes. After exposure for 12 months, the tensile strength and yield strength of 2297 alloy declined more than these of 2195 alloy.
Current researches have revealed that delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) may be related with prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, this finding remains controversial in small ...cell lung cancer. This meta-analysis was systematically performed to evaluate the prognostic value of DLL3 in SCLC.
The PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were retrieved to collect the eligible references. Through Stata 15.0 software, we pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using random or fixed-effects models to evaluate the association between DLL3 and SCLC survival results.
A total of 6 inter-related studies including 645 patients were qualified. After we removed 1 study, the remaining 5 studies including 601 patients were pooled to testify that high expression of DLL3 was an inferior prognostic for patients with SCLC in Asian populations (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.69; I
= 0.0%, p = 0.000). The pooled results showed that DLL3 might be higher expression in advanced metastasis SCLC in Asian populations (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71, 0.99; I
= 44.7%, p = 0.039). But the expression of DLL3 was not correlated with sex (RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.98, 1.80; I
= 0.0%, p = 0.064), smoking history (RR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.58, 1.75; I
= 72.1%, p = 0.967) and tumour stage (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.44, 1.05; I
= 66.6%, p = 0.081).
Our meta-analysis confirms that in Asian populations, high expression of DLL3 was a potential poor prognostic biomarker for SCLC and DLL3 highly expressed in advanced stage SCLC in Asian populations.
To compare the efficacy and safety of Kangfuxin solution and lvpao powder on mucositis induced by radiation therapy in head and neck carcinoma patients. We retrospectively analyzed 114 patients with ...head and neck malignant tumors in our center.
Patients were given Kangfuxin solution to rinse the mouth or Lvpao powder sprayed on oral mucosa after the solution use. The side effect was evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0.
The grade 3 mucositis occurred in 32.9% (23/70) and 11.4% (5/44) in Kangfuxin solution group and Kangfuxin solution + lvpao powder group, respectively (P = .009). The pain score of the Kangfuxin solution group was significantly higher than that of the Kangfuxin solution and lvpao powder group, with 4.26 ± 0.81 versus 3.75 ± 1.03 (P = .007). The time of symptom relief in the combined group was significantly shorter than that in the single drug group, with 3 days versus 6 days (P = .000). The weight loss of the former groups was bigger than that of the latter group (6.67 ± 1.20 kg vs 5.95 ± 0.94 kg; P = .001). There was no statistical difference in the limitations in mouth opening (P = .164).
Lvpao powder is safe and effective as a mucosal repair drug in accelerating the recovery of patients and reducing their body weight.
伴随人们对威胁人类健康的非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, ...NSCLC）更深入的病理生理和发病机制的全新理解，NSCLC治疗已进入一个新时代。从传统以手术、放化疗为基础的治疗过渡到以个体化精准化的靶向治疗和安全性及效能更高的免疫治疗。免疫检查点抑制剂疗法已经被批准为晚期NSCLC一线或者二线的治疗方案，并且取得非同凡响的临床效果。然而，其他类型的免疫治疗在NSCLC中鲜有探索。嵌合抗原受体修饰T细胞（chimeric antigen receptor modified T cells, CAR-T cells）在治疗几种血液系统恶性肿瘤方面表现不俗。然而，其在治疗包括NSCLC在内的实体瘤患者方面却不甚理想。本综述旨在系统阐释CAR-T在NSCLC治疗中的最新进展，主要包括：CAR分子靶标选择、CAR-T功能增强及相关毒性的管理以及CAR-T治疗NSCLC的困境及展望，旨在为NSCLC的免疫治疗开拓新的视角和独特的思路，为肿瘤免疫治疗大厦添砖加瓦。 With the deeper understanding of the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which threatens human health, NSCLC treatment has entered a new era. Transition from traditional treatment based on surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy to individualized and precise targeted therapy and safer and more effective immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has been approved as a first-line or second-line treatment for advanced NSCLC, and has achieved extraordinary clinical results. Meanwhile, other types of immunotherapy are rarely explore
The complexity, multiplicity and high degree of polyphony in T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land presents as a significant challenge in terms of interpreting modernist poetry. While expressing concerns ...about Western civilisation’s collapse, as well as modern people’s spiritual barrenness, The Waste Land creates a constant tension through its usage of language, narrative structure and various different speech representations. This paper seeks to highlight that as a narrative poem, The Waste Land uses an abundance of narrations, descriptions and dialogues, while exploring how these various elements aid the poet to adopt a modernist narrative style in his poetry.
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