(1)
: Understanding vascular patterns is crucial for minimizing bleeding and operating time in colorectal surgeries. This study aimed to develop an anatomical atlas of the inferior mesenteric artery ...(IMA) and vein (IMV). (2)
: A total of 521 patients with left-sided colorectal cancer were included. IMA and IMV patterns were identified using maximum-intensity projection (MIP) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques. The accuracy of these techniques was assessed by comparing them with surgical videos. We compared the amount of bleeding and operating time for IMA ligation across different IMA types. (3)
: Most patients (45.7%) were classified as type I IMA, followed by type II (20.7%), type III (22.6%), and type IV (3.5%). Newly identified type V and type VI patterns were found in 6.5% and 1% of patients, respectively. Of the IMVs, 49.9% drained into the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), 38.4% drained into the splenic vein (SPV), 9.4% drained into the SMV-SPV junction, and only 2.3% drained into the first jejunal vein (J1V). Above the root of the left colic artery (LCA), 13.1% of IMVs had no branches, 50.1% had one, 30.1% had two, and 6.7% had three or more branches. Two patients had two main IMV branches, and ten had IMVs at the edge of the mesocolon with small branches. At the IMA root, 37.2% of LCAs overlapped with the IMV, with 34.0% being lateral, 16.9% distal, 8.7% medial, and both the marginal type of IMV and the persistent descending mesocolon (PDM) type represented 1.4%. MIP had an accuracy of 98.43%, and 3D reconstruction had an accuracy of 100%. Blood loss and operating time were significantly higher in the complex group compared to the simple group for IMA ligation (
< 0.001). (4)
: A comprehensive anatomical atlas of the IMA and IMV was provided. Complex IMA patterns were associated with increased bleeding and operating time.
•The 2,4-D reductive degradation was studied in an electro-biological system.•The electric auxiliary accelerates 2,4-D microbial degradation.•A electron transfer is achieved between the electrode, ...bacteria and the pollutants.•The paper provides a promising way for the degradation of persistent organics.
The reductive degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was studied in an electro-biological system, a biological system and an electric catalytic system, respectively. Electrochemical characteristics were monitored by cyclic voltammetry and the intermediate products of 2,4-D degradation were determined by high speed liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that all 2,4-D degradations in the three systems conformed to the kinetics characteristics of one-order reaction, and the degradation kinetics constants were 28.74×10−2h−1, 19.73×10−2h−1 and 3.54×10−2h−1, respectively. The kinetics constant in the electro-biological system was higher than the sum in the other two systems by 19%. The electrochemical assistance provided the electrons and accelerated the electron transfer rate in the microbial degradation of 2,4-D. The degradation resulted from the microbial reduction strengthened by the electrochemical assistance. The electron transfer existed between the electrode, cytochrome, NAD and the pollutants. A long-range electron transfer process could be achieved on the multi-phase interfaces between the electrode, bacteria and the pollutants.
Nitrate pollution has attracted increasing attention due to the worsening of water pollution. This study focuses on the synergistic effects of zero-valent iron and bimetallic composite carrier ...catalyst for maximizing the catalytic reduction of nitrate in water to nitrogen gas. Compared with other conditional catalytic processes, this new technology exhibits a better catalytic efficiency with 70% of N2 selectivity and 0.42 mg/L‧g‧min of catalytic activity under the following conditions: 2 h reaction time, 4 g/L zero-valent iron, 3 g/L catalyst, 3:1 of palladium:tin, 2:1 of γ-aluminium oxide: diatomite, and 5.2 pH (catalyst: palladium-tin/γ-aluminium oxide-diatomite). In addition, a kinetic study indicates that this catalytic reaction is well illustrated by the first-order kinetics of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. A study on the catalytic rates of catalysts with six different composite carriers (γ-aluminium oxide-diatomite, γ-aluminium oxide-manganese dioxide, γ-aluminium oxide-kaolin, diatomite-kaolin, diatomite-manganese dioxide, and kaolin-manganese dioxide) shows that the physical-chemical properties of the carriers are an important factor that significantly influences the reaction process. Finally, the regeneration and reuse of six catalysts are further investigated. Acidic washing enhances the catalytic performance more than alkaline washing. However, except for palladium-tin/diatomite and palladium-tin/γ-aluminium oxide-diatomite, other catalysts after acidic washing remained improved catalytic performance, but, lower than their original catalysts.
•Fe0 and bimetallic composite carrier catalyst were used for nitrate removal.•The operational conditions were optimized for catalyzing nitrate to N2.•The catalytic process fit the first-order equation of L-H model well.•Acidic washing only partially regenerated most of the catalysts.
Display omitted
•Collagen peptides revealed protective effects on intestinal barrier function in burned mice.•Collagen peptides ameliorated burn-induced collapse of tight junction structure.•Collagen ...peptides diminished burn-induced increase of MLCK expression and MLC phosphorylation.•Collagen peptides inhibited burn-induced activation of NFκB and MAPK pathways.
The effect of collagen peptides (CPs) administration in early basic enteral nutrition (EN) intervention after burn injury on intestinal barrier function was investigated in mice model. Burn-induced increases of intestinal permeability and disruption of intestinal barrier integrity were significantly attenuated by CPs supplemented EN at post-burn day 1, 3 and 7 as compared with only basic EN fed group. CPs revealed a prominent amelioration of the expression and localization of tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin in intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, CPs administration significantly inhibited burn-induced elevation of MLCK expression and MLC phosphorylation. Simultaneously, the activation of involved signal pathways, such as NF-κB p65, MAPK p38, ERK and JNK were diminished in different extent by CPs addition. Therefore, CPs could be considered as a beneficial adjunct in early EN intervention to prevent intestinal barrier disruption following burn injury, because of its protective effects on intestinal tight junction integrity.
Repeated hepatic arterial delivery of therapeutic agents to the liver by percutaneously implanted port-catheter systems has been widely used to treat unresectable liver cancer. This approach is ...applied to assess the therapeutic efficacy of repeated low-density lipoprotein-docosahexaenoic acid (LDL-DHA) nanoparticle treatments in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma.
N1S1 hepatoma bearing rats underwent placement of a percutaneously implanted hepatic artery port-catheter system and were allocated to untreated, control LDL-triolein (LDL-TO) or LDL-DHA nanoparticle infusions groups. Treatments were performed every three days over a nine day study period. MRI was performed at baseline and throughout the study. At the end of the study tissue samples were collected for analyses.
Implantation of the port catheters was successful in all rats. MRI showed that repeated infusions of LDL-DHA nanoparticles significantly impaired the growth of the rat hepatomas eventually leading to tumor regression. The tumors in the LDL-TO treated group showed delayed growth, while the untreated tumors grew steadily throughout the study. Histopathology and MRI support these findings demonstrating extensive tumor necrosis in LDL-DHA treated groups while the control groups displayed minor necrosis. Molecular and biochemical analyses also revealed that LDL-DHA treated tumors had increased levels of nuclear factor-kappa B and lipid peroxidation and depletion of glutathione peroxidase 4 relative to the control groups. Evidence of both ferroptosis and apoptosis tumor cell death was observed following LDL-DHA treatments. In conclusion repeated transarterial infusions of LDL-DHA nanoparticles provides sustained repression of tumor growth in a rat hepatoma model.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes, replication status, and mutations have been associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our aim was to study the distribution and HCC-related viral ...properties of HBV genotypes/subgenotypes in Mainland China.
A multistage cluster probability sampling method was applied to select 81,775 participants between 1 and 59 years at 160 national disease surveillance points. We examined hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV genotypes and subgenotypes, hepatitis B e antigen, viral load, and mutations in the PreS and core promoter regions of HBV genome.
HBV subgenotypes B2 (27.3%), C1 (10.7%), and C2 (58.0%) were predominant. Genotype D (D1, 80.8%) was frequent in the Uygur. We identified a new subgenotype, C9, mainly in Tibetans. Compositions of subgenotypes B2 and C1 and genotype mixture increased from the North to Central South, which was consistently associated with the increasing prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen. Hepatitis B e antigen positivity and viral loads were higher in the young with genotype B and declined more rapidly with increasing age than those with genotype C. In contrast to G1896A, PreS deletion, T31C, T1753V, and A1762T/G1764A were more frequent in subgenotype C2 than in subgenotype B2. A1762T/G1764A, T1753V, C1653T, and G1896A, except PreS deletion, consecutively increased with increasing age.
HBV subgenotypes B2, C1, and C2 are endemic in Mainland China. HBV genotype C exhibits less replication activity in the young and harbors higher frequencies of the HCC-associated mutations than genotype B.
These basic data could help evaluate the association of HBV variations with HCC.
Objective To compare the short-term effect of bariatric surgery on obesity patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus between laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve ...gastrectomy (LSG). Methods A retrospective study was performed from January 2011 to December 2018 for the obesity patients with type-2 diabetes who underwent LRYGB (n=38) and LSG (n=38) and matched in age, gender, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c level, and diabetes duration to analyze the surgical effects. Results There was no any major complication and no any malnutrition during 24 months of follow-up. Both surgical procedures achieved weight loss and diabetes remission significantly. LRYGB reduced serum cholesterol levels (4.31±0.94) mmol/L vs. (5.36±1.22) mmol/L, P<0.01 and low-density lipoprotein-c levels (2.39±0.70) mmol/L vs. (3.22±0.94) mmol/L, P<0.01, as well as diabetes remission rate by glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (89.5% vs. 71.1%, P=0.044) significantly when compared with LSG. Conclusions Both
Although the global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has improved significantly due to antiretroviral treatment (ART), ART-related adverse events (AEs) remain an issue. Therefore, ...investigating the factors associated with ART-related AEs may provide vital information for monitoring risks.
A prospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients (aged 18 years or older) with HIV who received Tenofovir (TDF) + Lamivudine (3TC) + Efavirenz (EFV) as first-line ART regimens. All AEs during the first 12 months of therapy were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with AEs.
Four hundred seventy-four patients receiving TDF+ 3TC+ EFV ART regimens between March 2017 and October 2017 were included in the study analysis. Among them, 472 (99.6%) experienced at least one AE, 436 (92.0%) patients experienced at least one AE within 1 month of treatment, 33 (7.0%) between one and 3 months of treatment, and three (0.6%) patients after 3 months of treatment. The most commonly reported AE was nervous system (95.6%) related, followed by dyslipidemia (79.3%), and impaired liver function (48.1%). Patients with baseline body mass index (BMI) greater than 24 kg/m
(adjusted OR 1.77, 95%CI 1.03-3.02), pre-existing multiple AEs (adjusted OR 2.72, 95%CI 1.59-4.64), and pre-existing severe AEs (adjusted OR 5.58, 95%CI 2.65-11.73) were at increased odds of developing a severe AE. Patients with baseline BMI greater than 24 kg/m
(adjusted OR 2.72, 95%CI 1.25-5.89) were more likely to develop multiple AEs.
The incidence of ART-related adverse events over a 12-month period in China was high. Baseline BMI greater than 24 kg/m
, pre-existing multiple AEs, and pre-existing severe AEs were shown to be independent risk factors for developing a severe AE.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
