Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a type of crystalline heterogeneous catalysts have shown potential application in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. However, MOF catalysts with high efficiency and ...selectivity are still in pursuit. Herein, by a bimetallic strategy, the catalytic performance of a Co-MOF for photocatalytic CO2 reduction was enhanced. Specifically, the Co-MOF based on 4,5-dicarboxylic acid (H3IDC) and 4,4ʹ-bipydine (4,4ʹ-bpy) can catalyze CO2 reduction to CO, with high efficiency but relatively low selectivity. After replacement of 2/3 Co(II) with Ni(II) within Co-MOF, the resulted isostructural Co1Ni2-MOF not only retains high efficiency for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, but also shows enhanced CO selectivity. The CO evolution rate reaches 1160 µmol g−1 h−1 and the CO selectivity reaches as high as 94.6%. The enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance is supported by theoretical calculation results. This case demonstrates that bimetallic strategy is an effective mean to optimize the catalytic performance of MOF catalysts for photochemical CO2 reduction.
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Two is better than one: A case of bimetallic CoxNiy-MOFs exhibiting enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance over monometallic Co/Ni-MOF.
Of seven pilot emissions trading schemes (ETS) being run in China, the ETS in Hubei province is the only provincial pilot in the central and western regions of the country with a high GDP growth rate ...and heavy industrial structure. As such, it is quite representative of China as a whole and its ETS will therefore be reasonably characteristic of a future nationwide market. This paper describes the policy design of the Hubei ETS, including aspects of coverage, cap, allowance allocation, transactions, compliance and penalties. Then, after making a comparison with the other Chinese pilots and emissions trading schemes in the European Union (EU) and California, the paper offers a summary of several distinct features of the Hubei ETS. First, the small numbers of entities that are covered by the scheme produce a considerable proportion of the emissions. This makes Hubei the world׳s third largest carbon market. Second, the Hubei ETS applies several mechanisms to deal with the province’s rapid growth rate. Third, the scheme׳s policy design emphasizes liquidity. In addition to these unique features, the Hubei ETS also shares some common features with all the pilots in China.
•The Hubei ETS covers only small numbers of entities but considerable emissions.•The Hubei ETS applies several mechanisms to deal with the rapid economic growth.•The Hubei ETS has the greatest proportion of reserve for capacity extension.•Hubei sets more flexible ex-post adjustment of firms’ allowances.•The Hubei ETS emphasizes liquidity.
•Oxygenated brackish water can improve salt stress caused by brackish water irrigation.•Dissolved oxygen of 20 mg l−1 in brackish water promote wheat germination and growth.•Germination rate was used ...as the quantitative evaluation index for seed germination.•Soluble sugar was used as the quantitative evaluation index for seedling growth.
The long-term utilization of brackish water for irrigation in arid areas will decrease the oxygen content required for root growth, leading to the deterioration of soil environment in the root zone and the inhibition of plant growth. This study investigated the effects of oxygenated brackish water on the physiological characteristics of seed germination and seedling growth characteristics of spring wheat. The dissolved oxygen (DO) of 20 mg·l−1 in brackish water had a significant promotion effect on the seed germination and seedling growth. Specifically, at this DO concentration of 20 mg·l−1, the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vigor index, and plant height on the 23rd day after sowing of wheat seeds were significantly higher than those of brackish water treatment (CK). Furthermore, compared with CK, the α-amylase activity in wheat seeds was significantly increased. Germination rate could be used as the quantitative evaluation index for wheat seed germination under the condition of oxygenated brackish water irrigation. According to the relationship between germination rate and DO concentration, the DO concentration with the maximum germination rate was 19 mg·l−1. During the wheat seedling growth period, compared with CK, the oxygenated brackish water with DO concentration of 20 mg·l−1 significantly increased the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein in the leaves, whereas significantly decreased the proline content. Soluble sugar content was selected as the quantitative evaluation index for wheat seedling growth. The electrical conductivity and the activities of alkaline phosphatase and nitrate reductase in the root zone soil were significantly influenced. Thus, the oxygenation of brackish water with appropriate DO concentration could effectively improve the salt stress caused by brackish water irrigation. These results provide an effective method for the safe and efficient utilization of brackish water.
Botrytis cinerea
is a primary pathogen causing stem and fruit rot during pre- and post-harvest. In the present study, the main purpose was to inquire into the antifungal activity and potential ...mechanisms of thymol and carvacrol against
B. cinerea
. During the experiment, the effects of thymol and carvacrol on physical and biochemical parameters of
B. cinerea
were evaluated. Results indicated that thymol and carvacrol exhibited strong antifungal activity against the targeted pathogen, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of 65 mg/L and 100 mg/L for thymol, and 120 μL/L and 140 μL/L for carvacrol. Thymol and carvacrol changed obviously the morphology of
B. cinerea
hyphae by disrupting and distorting the mycelia through scanning electron microscopy. The membrane permeability of
B. cinerea
hyphae was prompted with the increment of two chemical agents’ concentration, as evidenced by extracellular conductivity increase, the release of cell constituent, and the decrease of extracellular pH. Furthermore, a marked decline in total lipid content of
B. cinerea
cells was induced by the two chemical agents, suggesting that the cell membrane structures were destructed. Therefore, present results indicated that thymol and carvacrol may be used as a good alternative to conventional fungicides against
B. cinerea
in controlling grey molds in horticultural products.
In recent years, Raoultella ornithinolytica (R. ornithinolytica) have attracted clinical attention as a new type of pathogen. A wide range of infections with these germs is reported, and commonly ...found in urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and bacteremia.
We report the case of an elderly woman with liver abscess, choledocholithiasis and cholangitis, who developed gastric fistula and abdominal abscess after underwent choledocholithotomy, and R. ornithinolytica were isolated from the abdominal drainage fluid. The patient was treated with meropenem and levofloxacin and had a good outcome.
To the best of our knowledge, case of isolating R. ornithinolytica from a patient with non-viscerally abdominal abscess was extremely rare. We share a case of a woman with non-viscerally abdominal abscess secondary to postoperative gastric fistula, R. ornithinolytica was isolated from the patient's pus, and the pathogenic bacteria may originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Based on this case, We should be cautious that invasive treatment may greatly increase the probability of infection with this pathogenic bacterium.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Over 50% cancer bears TP53 mutation, the highly stabilized mutant p53 protein drives the tumorigenesis and progression. Mutation of p53 not only cause loss-of-function and dominant-negative effects ...(DNE), but also results in the abnormal stability by the regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and molecular chaperones that promote tumorigenesis through gain-of-function effects. The accumulation of mutant p53 is mainly regulated by molecular chaperones, including Hsp40, Hsp70, Hsp90 and other biomolecules such as TRIM21, BAG2 and Stat3. In addition, mutant p53 forms prion-like aggregates or complexes with other protein molecules and result in the accumulation of mutant p53 in tumor cells. Depleting mutant p53 has become one of the strategies to target mutant p53. This review will focus on the mechanism of mutant p53 stabilization and discuss how the strategies to manipulate these interconnected processes for cancer therapy.
Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) has strong tolerance to abiotic stresses, and is probably one of the oldest crops, with its earliest cultivation that dated back to ca. ~10,000 years. We ...report here its genome assembly through a combination of PacBio sequencing, BioNano, and Hi-C (in vivo) mapping. The 18 super scaffolds cover ~95.6% of the estimated genome (~887.8 Mb). There are 63,671 protein-coding genes annotated in this tetraploid genome. About ~86.2% of the syntenic genes in foxtail millet have two homologous copies in broomcorn millet, indicating rare gene loss after tetraploidization in broomcorn millet. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that broomcorn millet and foxtail millet diverged around ~13.1 Million years ago (Mya), while the lineage specific tetraploidization of broomcorn millet may be happened within ~5.91 million years. The genome is not only beneficial for the genome assisted breeding of broomcorn millet, but also an important resource for other Panicum species.
This study sought to investigate a possible correlation between the intestinal microbiota, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and obesity in Kazakh school children, aged 7-13 (n = 175).
Obese subjects had ...significantly greater systolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, as well as HOMA-IR as compared to normal and overweight participants. In addition, Bacteroides copy number and Bact/Firm ratios were significantly lower in the obese group as compared to the normal and overweight groups (P < 0.0167). This difference is only significant in girls, but not in boys when stratified by gender. Furthermore, a negative correlation between BMI and Bacteroidetes copy number (r = -0.18, P = 0.017) as well as Bact/Firm (r = -0.22, P = 0.003) was observed.
An association between reduced gut Bacteroidetes and Bact/Firm ratio with obesity in female Kazakh children was identified. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism behind these changes as well as the value of determining their presence for predicting obesity.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Spring irrigation with freshwater is widely used to reduce soil salinity and increase the soil water content in arid areas. However, this approach requires a huge amount of freshwater, which is ...problematic given limited freshwater resources. Utilizing brackish water for spring irrigation in combination with magnetized water technology may be a promising alternative strategy.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of four spring irrigation methods (freshwater spring irrigation (FS), magnetized freshwater spring irrigation (MFS), brackish water spring irrigation (BS), and magnetized brackish water spring irrigation (MBS)) on soil water and salt distribution, emergence, growth, and photosynthetic characteristics of cotton seedlings. The results showed that for both freshwater and brackish water, magnetized water irrigation can increase the soil water content for improved desalination effect of irrigation water. Additionally, spring irrigation with magnetized water promoted cotton emergence and seedling growth. Compared with FS treatment, cotton finial emergence rate, emergence index, vigor index, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area index of MFS treatment increased by 6.25, 7.19, 12.98, 15.60, 8.91, and 20.57%, respectively. Compared with BS treatment, cotton finial emergence rate, emergence index, vigor index, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area index of MBS treatment increased by 27.78, 39.83, 74.79, 26.40, 14.01, and 57.22%, respectively. Interestingly, we found that spring irrigation with magnetized water can increase the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of cotton seedlings. The rectangular hyperbolic model (RHM), non-rectangular hyperbolic model (NRHM), exponential model (EM), and modified rectangular hyperbolic model (MRHM) were used to fit and compare the cotton light response curve, and MRHM was determined to be the optimal model to fit the data. This model was used to calculate the photosynthetic parameters of cotton. Compared with FS treatment, the net photosynthetic rate (P
), dark respiration rate (R
), light compensation point (I
), light saturation point (I
), and the range of available light intensity (ΔI) of MFS were increased by 5.18, 3.41, 3.18, 2.29 and 2.19%, respectively. Compared with BS treatment, the P
, R
, I
, I
and ΔI of MBS were increased by 26.44, 29.48, 30.05, 5.13, and 2.27%, respectively.
The results show that spring irrigation with magnetized brackish water may be a feasible method to reduce soil salt and increase soil water content when freshwater resources are insufficient.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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