This study aims to investigate the effects of replacing different proportions of fishmeal with Antarctic krill (AK) on the growth performance, body composition and nonspecific immunity index of red ...swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkia. AK was used to replace 0 (control), 25%, 50% and 100% of the fishmeal in the basic diet of crayfish to formulate four test feeds with basically equivalent nitrogen and lipid contents; these feeds were denoted AK0, AK25, AK50 and AK100, respectively. Compared with the control group, crayfish fed diets with AK replacement showed increased body weight gain; feed efficiency; survival rate; body protein content; phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities; total haemocyte counts; number of hyaline, semigranular and granular cells; and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila. Conversely, the body lipid level of these crayfish decreased relative to that of the control. However, a high AK level (AK100) does not show improvements in efficiency compared with a moderate AK level (AK50). Based on the efficiency of AK in enhancing the growth performance and nonspecific immunity of crayfish, the optimum replacement proportion of fishmeal with AK was 50%. These results confirm that AK can promote the growth of crayfish and improve their disease resistance.
•Antarctic krill increased crayfish body weight gain.•Antarctic krill increased survival rate of crayfish.•Antarctic krill increased nonspecific immunity of crayfish.
Large and extra‐large pore zeolites have been widely applied in industrial areas as catalysts, adsorbents, etc. Among them, silica and/or aluminosilicate zeolites have been attracted great attention ...due to their excellent hydrothermal stability and strong acidity. However, a great deal of zeolite structures are still not available in the form of silica and/or aluminosilicate. Herein, we report the synthesis of pure silica and aluminosilicate large‐pore zeolites, denoted as NUD‐14 and Al‐NUD‐14, respectively, by using a designed cation 1‐ethyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium as an organic structure‐directing agent (OSDA). NUD‐14 has an intersecting 12×11×11‐member ring pore system, which is isostructural to the germanosilicate PUK‐16 zeolite with a POS topology. The OSDAs can be completely removed from the framework by calcination. NUD‐14 and Al‐NUD‐14 possess excellent acid and hydrothermal stabilities, superior to the germanosilicate POS zeolite. The incorporation of Al into the zeolite framework makes the Al‐NUD‐14 zeolite possess medium and strong acidities. The successful synthesis of NUD‐14 consisting of a rare odd‐member ring pore structure may provide a platform for interesting size‐ and shape‐selective catalytic applications.
Pure silica and aluminosilicate zeolites NUD‐14 are directly synthesized by using a designed cation 1‐ethyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium as an organic structure‐directing agent, which show excellent acid and hydrothermal stabilities superior to their counterpart germanosilicate POS zeolite. The incorporation of Al into the zeolite framework makes the Al‐NUD‐14 zeolite possess medium and strong acidities, providing a platform for exploring its size‐ and shape‐selective catalytic applications.
Scope
Tea is a popular beverage worldwide and has many health functions. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is an important bioactive component of tea and has benefit to health. In some cases, oocytes after ...ovulation may miss the optimal fertilization time and enter a postovulatory ageing process. Therefore, to investigate the role of PCA in delaying oocyte ageing is aimed.
Methods and results
Metaphase II (MII) oocytes aged in vitro are randomly divided into three groups: control, aged, and aged + PCA. PCA treatment (30 µM) reduces the fragmentation rate and the incidence of abnormal spindle morphology and chromosome misalignment of oocytes aged 24 h in vitro. The mitochondrial dysfunction of aged oocytes, such as decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen (ROS), is also alleviated by PCA. PCA also delays apoptosis of aged oocytes, and improves the sperm binding capacity. Otherwise, aged oocytes treated with PCA have a higher fertilization rate and blastocyst rate compared with untreated aged oocytes in vitro.
Conclusion
PCA is an important bioactive ingredient of tea that improves aged oocyte quality, suggesting that PCA is available to improve the quality of aged oocytes in vitro.
The present study finds that protocatechuic acid in vitro can significantly improve the quality of postovulatory aged oocytes, such as reducing the fragmentation rate and the incidence of abnormal spindle morphology and chromosome dislocation, improving mitochondrial function, inhibiting ROS accumulation and apoptosis, and increasing the sperm binding ability and embryo development rate. The results suggest that protocatechuic acid can be used to delay postovulatory oocyte ageing.
•Determination of impact bruises of Lycium barbarum L. was described.•An elastic-plastic model was selected as the material mechanics model for fruit.•The optimized parameters were determined and the ...field experiment showed that the bruise rate was 9.8%.
A 3D scanner was used to reverse engineer a model to assess impact bruising of fresh Goji (Lycium barbarum L.) fruit. Based on the results of physical compression tests, an elastic-plastic model was selected as the material mechanics model for the fruit. A finite element method explicit dynamics simulation was performed to predict impact bruising using Abaqus software. Simulation results showed that fruit were not damaged at a drop height of 0.2-0.5 m, an impact angle of 10–30 °, and with an impact material of wood board, foam board, and nylon board. Using response surface methodology, the effects of drop height, impact material, and impact angle on the bruise rate of fruit were determined. The optimized parameters were a drop height of 0.24 m, foam board as the impact material, and an impact angle of 13.11°. Near infrared hyperspectral reflectance imaging was also applied to this problem, and visualization models were established in Matlab. The field experiment showed a bruise rate was 9.8%. These results provide a theoretical basis for future studies of harvesting, transporting, sorting, grading, and packaging machines designed for use with L. barbarum.
Twisted bilayer (tB) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) structures formed from two pieces of a periodic pattern overlaid with a relative twist manifest novel electronic and optical properties and ...correlated electronic phenomena. Here, twisted flower-like MoS2 and MoSe2 bilayers were artificially fabricated by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Photoluminescence (PL) studies demonstrated that an energy band structural transition from the indirect gap to the direct gap happened in the region away from the flower center in tB MoS2 (MoSe2) flower patterns, accompanied by an enhanced PL intensity. The indirect-to-direct-gap transition in the tB-MoS2 (MoSe2) flower dominantly originated from a gradually enlarged interlayer spacing and thus, interlayer decoupling during the spiral growth of tB flower patterns. Meanwhile, the expanded interlayer spacing resulted in a decreased effective mass of the electrons. This means that the charged exciton (trion) population was reduced and the neutral exciton density was increased to obtain the upgraded PL intensity in the off-center region. Our experimental results were further evidenced by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the energy band structures and the effective masses of electrons and holes for the artificial tB-MoS2 flower with different interlayer spacings. The single-layer behavior of tB flower-like homobilayers provided a viable route to finely manipulate the energy band gap and the corresponding exotic optical properties by locally tuning the stacked structures and to satisfy the real requirement in TMD-based optoelectronic devices.
Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder worldwide and is a prominent risk factor for mental and physical health deterioration. The clinical application of common pharmacological treatments for ...insomnia is far from satisfactory due to their various adverse effects. In recent years, drugs developed from natural herbs have become potential alternative therapies for insomnia. Sishen Wan (SSW), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for centuries to treat diarrheal disease, consists of multiple neurologically active herbs with sleep-regulating potential that may have therapeutic effects on insomnia. However, its hypnotic and sleep-regulating effects have not been evaluated in clinical practice or laboratory experiments.
To investigate the anti-insomnia effects of SSW and explore its possible mechanisms using preclinical models.
The sedative effect of the SSW formula was investigated using network pharmacology analysis that was validated using various pharmacological approaches, including the evaluation of locomotor activity (LMA), pentobarbital-induced sleep time, and electroencephalography/electromyogram (EEG/EMG)-based sleep profiling in normal rats. Several animal models of insomnia, including sleep deprivation, serotonin depletion, and cage-changing models, have been used to further assess the anti-insomnia effects of SSW. Furthermore, the potential underlying mechanisms of action of SSW were predicted using bioinformatics methods and verified using in vivo and in silico experiments.
The results showed that SSW reduced LMA and prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleep time in a dose-dependent manner, which was consistent with the increase in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in normal rats, indicating a solid sedative effect. In animal models of insomnia, SSW alleviated sleep disturbance by increasing NREM sleep time, shortening NREM sleep latency, and inhibiting sleep fragmentation, suggesting a possible curative effect of SSW on insomnia. Finally, through functional enrichment analysis and in vivo and in silico experiments, 5-HT1A was identified as the key target of the anti-insomnia effect of SSW. Moreover, (S)-propranolol, nuciferine, zizyphusine, and N,N-dimethyl-5-methoxytryptamine may be the active compounds of SSW responsible for its anti-insomnia effect.
This study extended the possible indication scope for SSW, which provides a potential therapeutic TCM that may be used for insomnia treatment, as well as a reference scheme for the discovery of novel indications of TCM.
Background & Aims Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), a catecholamine neurotransmitter degrading enzyme, is closely associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, its role in cancer ...progression remains unknown. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue arrays (n = 254) were used to investigate the correlation between MAOA expression and clinicopathological findings. In vitro invasion and anoikis assays, and in vivo intrahepatic and lung metastasis models were used to determine the role of MAOA in HCC metastasis. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemical staining and HPLC analysis were performed to uncover the mechanism of MAOA in HCC. Results We found that MAOA expression was significantly downregulated in 254 clinical HCC samples and was closely correlated with cancer vasoinvasion, metastasis, and poor prognoses. We then demonstrated that MAOA suppressed norepinephrine/epinephrine (NE/E)-induced HCC invasion and anoikis inhibition, and uncovered that the effects of NE/E on HCC behaviors were primarily mediated through alpha 1A (ADRA1A) and beta 2 adrenergic receptors (ADRB2). In addition to the canonical signaling pathway, which is mediated via adrenergic receptors (ADRs), we found that ADR-mediated EGFR transactivation was also involved in NE-induced HCC invasion and anoikis inhibition. Notably, we found that MAOA could synergize with EGFR inhibitors or ADR antagonists to abrogate NE-induced HCC behaviors. Conclusions Taken together, the results of our study may provide insights into the application of MAOA as a novel predictor of clinical outcomes and indicate that increasing MAOA expression or enzyme activity may be a new approach that can be used for HCC treatment.
More than 90% of patients with diabetes worldwide are type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is caused by insulin resistance or impaired producing insulin by pancreatic β cells. T2D and its complications, ...mainly large cardiovascular (LCV) and kidney (Ne) complications, are the major cause of death in diabetes patients. Recently, the dysregulation of peripheral T cell immune homeostasis was found in most T2D patients. However, the characteristics of T-cell receptors (TCR) remain largely unexplored in T2D patients.
Here we investigated the TCR repertoire using high-throughput sequencing in peripheral blood collected from T2D patient with (8 LCV and 7 Ne) or without complications.
Our analysis of TCR repertoires in peripheral blood samples showed that TCR profiles in T2D patients with complications tended to be single and specific compared to controls, according to the characteristics of TCR repertoire in V-J combination number, diversity, principal component analysis (PCA) and differential genes. And we identified some differentially expressed V-J gene segments and amino acid clonotypes, which had the potential to contribute to distinguishing T2D patient with or without complications. As the progression of the disease, we found that the profiling of TCR repertoire was also differential between T2D patients with LVD and Ne complications base on this pilot analysis.
This study demonstrated the protentional unique property of TCR repertoire in peripheral blood of T2D patient with and without complications, or T2D patients with LVD and Ne complications, which provided the possibility for future improvements in immune-related diagnosis and therapy for T2D complications.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Addressing the issue of increased shaft-system vibration in high-altitude mixed-flow hydropower generating units due to sand wear on turbine blades, a three-dimensional model of a specific mixed-flow ...water turbine was constructed. CFD numerical simulations were employed to analyze the fluid exciting force acting on the turbine runner under varying degrees of blade wear. An approximate analytical model was then established for the variation of fluid exciting force in the turbine runner system using the Fourier harmonic analysis method. A multi-degree-of-freedom mathematical model of flexural and inclined coupling vibration of a hydropower unit’s shafting, considering blade wear, was constructed. The nonlinear dynamic model was numerically calculated by the Runge–Kutta method. The vibration responses of the shafting of hydropower units under different wear degrees were obtained by means of a time-domain diagram, frequency-domain diagram, axis-locus diagram, phase-locus diagram, and Poincare mapping. Based on the formula for calculating the wear amount of the blade material, the runner amplitude degradation trajectory model was established, and the pseudo-failure time of turbine blades was determined according to the allowable value of amplitude.
Abstract
We derive a catalog of early-type emission-line stars including 30,023 spectra of 25,867 stars from LAMOST Data Release 7, in which 4189 have Simbad records. The spectra are classified into ...three morphological types (10 subtypes) based on H
α
emission-line profiles. Some spectra contaminated by nebula emission lines such as from H
ii
regions are flagged in the catalog. We also provide a specific catalog of 20 stars with stellar winds or accretion flows by calculating the terminal and peak velocities based on P-Cygni or inverse P-Cygni profiles. More important, with two color–color diagrams, (H-K
s
, J-H) and (K
s
-W1, H-K
s
), of a collection of known Herbig Ae/Be stars (HAeBes) and classical Ae/Be stars (CAeBes), we propose an updated criterion to separate HAeBes from CAeBes. By the criterion, we select 118 HAeBe candidates and 2636 CAeBe candidates from the sample. We confirm 71 of the 118 HAeBes based on the data from LAMOST (optical spectra) and WISE (photometry and images), 62 of which are newly identified. The 71 identified HAeBes are compiled into a specific catalog, and their SEDs and MIR images are also presented. The distances of 76% confirmed HAeBes are further than 1 kpc, which enlarges the number of known HAeBes in further distance. Most of the 71 HAeBes are located in the Galactic disk while 6 of them have ∣
Z
gal
∣ > 400 pc. Four HAeBes show the forbidden emission lines of Fe
ii
and O
i
, in which J051425.20+411310.7 is a newly discovered Be. In addition, four HAeBes having Spitzer IRS spectra all show PAH features.
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