As an emerging technology, robot-assisted surgical system has some potential merits in many complicated endoscopic procedures compared with laparoscopic surgery. But robot-assisted liver resection is ...still a controversial problem on its advantages compared with laparoscopic liver resection. We aimed to perform the meta-analysis to assess and compare the clinical outcomes of robot-assisted and laparoscopic liver resection.
We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase databases, Clinicaltrials, and Opengrey through March 24, 2020, including references of qualifying articles. English-language, original investigations in humans about robot-assisted and laparoscopic hepatectomy were included. Titles, abstracts, and articles were reviewed by at least 2 independent readers. Continuous and dichotomous variables were compared by the weighted mean difference (WMD) and odds ratio (OR), respectively.
Of 936 titles identified in our original search, 28 articles met our criteria, involving 3544 patients. Compared with laparoscopy, the robot-assisted groups had longer operative time (WMD: 36.93; 95% CI, 19.74-54.12; P < 0.001), lower conversion rate (OR: 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46-0.87; P = 0.005), higher transfusion rate (WMD: 2.39; 95% CI, 1.51-3.76; P < 0.001) and higher total cost (WMD:0.49; 95% CI, 0.42-0.55; P < 0.001). In addition, the baseline characteristics of patients about largest tumor size was larger (WMD: 0.36; 95% CI, 0.16-0.56; P < 0.001) and malignant lesions rate was higher (WMD: 1.50; 95% CI, 1.21-1.86; P < 0.001) in the robot-assisted versus laparoscopic hepatectomy. The subgroup analysis of minor hepatectomy showed robot-assisted was associated with longer operative time (WMD: 36.00; 95% CI, 12.59-59.41; P = 0.003), longer length of stay (WMD: 0.51; 95% CI, 0.02-1.01; p = 0.04) and higher total cost (WMD: 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25-0.72; P < 0.001) (Table 3); while the subgroup analysis of major hepatectomy showed robot-assisted was associated with lower estimated blood loss (WMD: -122.43; 95% CI, -151.78--93.08; P < 0.001).
Our meta-analysis revealed that robot-assisted was associated with longer operative time, lower conversion rate, higher transfusion rate and total cost, and robot-assisted has certain advantages in major hepatectomy compared with laparoscopic hepatectomy.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The impact of sarcopenia on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) patients remains uncertain in clinical practice. Hence, this study aims to investigate ...the potential correlation between sarcopenia and the clinical outcomes of GIC patients treated with ICIs.
To gather pertinent studies, a systematic literature search was implemented across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), measured with the hazard ratio (HR). And the secondary outcomes, including disease control rate (DCR), overall response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AE), were evaluated with the odd ratio (OR).
A total of 13 articles involving 1294 patients were collected for this analysis. The pooled results revealed that GIC patients with sarcopenia had significantly poorer OS (HR = 1.697, 95% CI = 1.367–2.106, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR: 1.551, 95% CI: 1.312–1.833, p < 0.001), and lower ORR (OR = 0.594, 95% CI = 0.388–0.909, p = 0.016) and DCR (OR: 0.553, 95% CI: 0.360–0.850, p = 0.007) compared to those without sarcopenia. However, sarcopenia did not increase the incidence of treatment-related adverse events compared with non-sarcopenia (OR = 1.377, 95% CI = 0.693–2.737, p = 0.361). According to subgroup analysis, the association between sarcopenia and the therapeutic effect of ICI on patients with primary liver cancer or gastric cancer was consistent with the above findings.
Sarcopenia is significantly correlated with poorer treatment response and worse long-term efficacy in GIC patients treated with ICIs. Moreover, sarcopenia does not increase the incidence of adverse events.
Hazardous dye substances discharged from the textile and dyestuff industries not only threaten local the surrounding ecosystems but are also hard to degraded. We report the preparation of process for ...a photocatalytic membrane device that can degrade dye pollution under visible light. This filtration membrane, with a well-organized multilayer structure, simultaneously achieves continuous and flow-through separation of degradation products. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were used as a template for nanosheet C
3
N
4
(NS C
3
N
4
) preparation; the performance for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes improved as the morphology changed from bulking to nanosheet. NS C
3
N
4
was then attached to the surface of a prepared CNF membrane via vacuum filtration. This device exhibited high efficiency (the degradation rates of both Rhodamine B and Methylene blue both reached 96%), high flux (above 160 L·h
−1
·m
−2
·bar
−1
) and excellent stability (maintaining steady flux and high separation were maintained after 4 h). This easy-preparation, easy-scale-up, and low-cost process provides a new method of fabricating photocatalytic membrane devices for dye wastewater treatment.
The black liquor (BL) obtained by straw pulping can hardly be applied to conventional alkali recovery systems because of its high concentration of silicon and viscosity. Soda-oxygen pulping can ...synchronously deposit silica on the surface of the cellulose to reduce the silicon content and viscosity of BL remarkably. In this paper, the BLs of wheat straw soda-oxygen pulping obtained at different end points (pH < 10, 11.5 < pH < 12) and conventional soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) were obtained. The extent of silicon removal and viscosity reduction before and after centrifugation or membrane filtration as well as the thermodynamic properties of the BLs were investigated. Compared with that achieved by soda-AQ, over 45% silicon was removed from BL after soda-oxygen cooking at a similar delignification level. The total solid (TS) concentration of the soda-oxygen BL was easily concentrated by up to approximately 50%. SiO
2
can be further removed by simple centrifugation and membrane filtration, and its TS could be increased to 60% at 300 mp s. With cooking end point further decreased pH < 10, the centrifugated BL had the lowest silica content, the highest volumetric isothermal expansivity (VIE) value, and the lowest pyrolysis temperature.
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death globally. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating various types of cancer, but its effectiveness varies among patients. The Controlling Nutritional ...Status (CONUT) score has been linked to the prognosis of different cancers. However, its predictive value for immunotherapy outcomes is not well understood. Our research represents the pioneering meta-study to examine the prognostic value of the CONUT score on cancer patients treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. The study was conducted until July 28, 2023. This analysis encompassed a comprehensive evaluation of various clinical outcomes, namely overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). 663 patients from 8 studies were included in this study. It showed that cancer patients with high CONUT score had poorer OS (HR: 1.94, 95% CI, 1.52–2.47,
p
< 0.001) and PFS (HR: 2.22, 95% CI, 1.48–3.31,
p
< 0.001), as well as worse ORR (OR: 0.46, 95% CI, 0.25–0.85,
p
= 0.013) and DCR (HR: 0.29, 95% CI, 0.14–0.59,
p
= 0.001). The CONUT score can predict the prognosis of tumor patients treated with ICIs.
Fatty acid metabolism is closely linked to the progression of gastric cancer (GC), a very aggressive and life-threatening tumor. This study examines linked molecules, such as Sterol Regulatory ...Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBP1), ATP Citrate Lyase (ACLY), Acetyl-CoA Synthases (ACSs), Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC), Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1), CD36, Fatty Acid Binding Proteins (FABPs), and Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), as well as their latest studies and findings in gastric cancer to unveil its core mechanism. The major enzymes of fatty acid de novo synthesis are ACLY, ACSs, ACC, FASN, and SCD1, while SREBP1 is the upstream molecule of fatty acid anabolism. Fatty acid absorption is mediated by CD36 and FABPs, and fatty acid catabolism is mediated by CPT1. If at all possible, we will discover novel links between fatty acid metabolism and a prospective gastric cancer target.
Herein, four kinds of low-cost biochars (i.e. straw, rice husk, peanut shell and sawdust biochar) were used as the catalysts and their influence on the HTL of microalgae was investigated. It ...indicated that the biochars could improve the bio-oil quality. Particularly, the sawdust biochar increased the higher heating value of the bio-oil from 35.8 MJ/kg (without biochar) to 37.7 MJ/kg. The straw biochar increased the low boiling fraction (< 200 °C) of bio-oil by about 15% compared with that of the bio-oil without catalysts. Overall, the biochar is beneficial for the bio-oil used as transportation fuels in the future.
Display omitted
•Biochar improved the HHV of the bio-oil and reduced the nitrogen and sulfur content.•Rice husk biochar obtained the largest fraction of straight & branched hydrocarbons.•Straw biochar obviously reduced the nitrogen heterocyclic compounds in the aqueous.•Staw biochar increased the low boiling fraction (< 200 °C) of the bio-oil by 15%.
A series of biomass-derived platform molecules, such as glucose, furans, levulinic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and acetic acids, can be converted into a variety of value-added chemicals through ...catalytic transformations that include dehydration, hydrogenation, oxidation, isomerization, reforming, ketonization, and aldol condensation over heterogeneous catalysts. Aqueous-phase processing is an important issue and a great challenge for the heterogeneous catalytic conversion of biobased chemicals due to the high water content of the biomass and the formation of water during the transformation process. In this paper, heterogeneous catalysts that are applicable to the aqueous-phase conversion process of biomass platform chemicals, including noble metal catalysts, non-noble metal catalysts, bimetallic catalysts, metal oxides, and zeolite, are introduced, and a comprehensive evaluation of the catalyst performance, including the catalytic activity, stability, and regeneration performance of different kinds of heterogeneous catalysts, are made. Besides, we highlighted the effect of water on heterogeneous catalysts and the deactivation mechanism in the aqueous phase. Beyond this, several catalytic mechanisms of aqueous-phase conversion over heterogeneous catalysts are summarized in order to help understand the reaction process on the surface of catalysts in the aqueous phase, so as to design targeted catalysts. At last, a prospect of biobased chemicals and fuels is forecasted.
An increasing number of studies have focused on the association between leptin, adiponectin levels and the risk as well as the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the reported results are ...conflicting.
A meta-analysis was performed to assess the correlation between leptin, adiponectin levels and risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (CRD42020195882). Through June 14, 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases were searched, including references of qualifying articles. Titles, abstracts, and main texts were reviewed by at least 2 independent readers. Stata 16.0 was used to calculate statistical data.
Thirty studies were included in this meta-analysis and results showed that hepatocellular carcinoma group had significantly higher leptin levels than the cancer-free control group (SMD = 1.83, 95% CI (1.09, 2.58), P = 0.000), the healthy control group (SMD = 4.32, 95% CI (2.41, 6.24), P = 0.000) and the cirrhosis group (SMD = 1.85, 95% CI (0.70, 3.01), P = 0.002). Hepatocellular carcinoma group had significantly higher adiponectin levels than the healthy control group (SMD = 1.57, 95% CI (0.37, 2.76), P = 0.010), but no statistical difference compared with the cancer-free control group (SMD = 0.24, 95% CI (- 0.35, 0.82), P = 0.430) and the cirrhosis group (SMD = - 0.51, 95% CI (- 1.30, 0.29), P = 0.213). The leptin rs7799039 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (G vs A: OR = 1.28, 95% CI (1.10, 1.48), P = 0.002). There were linear relationships between adiponectin levels and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (OR = 1.066, 95% CI (1.03, 1.11), P = 0.001). In addition, the results showed that high/positive expression of adiponectin was significantly related to lower overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HR = 1.70, 95% CI (1.22, 2.37), P = 0.002); however, there was no significantly association between the leptin levels and overall survival (HR = 0.92, 95% CI (0.53, 1.59), P = 0.766).
The study shows that high leptin levels were associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Adiponectin levels were proportional to hepatocellular carcinoma risk, and were related to the poor prognosis.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The influence of body composition on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with melanoma is still uncertain in clinical practice. Therefore, the objective of this study ...was to examine the potential association between body composition and clinical outcomes in patients with melanoma undergoing ICIs treatment.
A systematic literature search was performed across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar, to gather relevant studies. The primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), assessed by hazard ratios (HR). Secondary outcomes, such as adverse events (AE), were evaluated using odds ratios (OR).
This meta-analysis comprised ten articles involving a total of 1,283 patients. Systemic analysis of all collected evidence revealed that body composition, including low skeletal muscle index (SMI) (OS: HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13-2.43, p = 0.010; PFS: HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06-1.55, p = 0.009), high subcutaneous adipose tissue density (SMD) (OS: HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.09-3.44, p = 0.025; PFS: HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.06-1.63, p = 0.012), and sarcopenia (OS: HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03-1.51, p = 0.022; PFS: HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03-1.51, p = 0.022), were significantly associated with OS and PFS in melanoma patients treated with ICIs. However, these markers did not show a significant association with treatment-related adverse events. Interestingly, no significant correlation was found between visceral fat index (VFI) (OS: HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.29-1.76, p = 0.462; PFS: HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.93-1.02, p = 0.274) and OS or PFS in melanoma patients under ICIs treatment.
Body composition was found to be associated with decreased treatment response and lower long-term efficacy in patients with melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, it is important to note that body composition did not appear to contribute to increased incidence of adverse events in these patients.
PDF
