The shell-closing strength (SCS) of oysters is the main parameter for physiological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of SCS as an indicator of live oyster health. ...This study developed a flexible pressure sensor system with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the sensitive layer to monitor SCS in live oysters (rGO-PDMS). In the experiment, oysters of superior, medium and inferior grades were selected as research objects, and the change characteristics of SCS were monitored at 4 °C and 25 °C. At the same time, the time series model was used to predict the survival rate of live oyster on the basis of changes in their SCS characteristics. The survival times of superior, medium and inferior oysters at 4 °C and 25 °C were 31/25/18 days and 12/10/7 days, respectively, and the best prediction accuracies for survival rate were 89.32%/82.17%/79.19%. The results indicate that SCS is a key physiological indicator of oyster survival. The dynamic monitoring of oyster vitality by means of flexible pressure sensors is an important means of improving oyster survival rate. Superior oysters have a higher survival rate in low-temperature environments, and our method can provide effective and reliable survival prediction and management for the oyster industry.
Gene delivery as a promising and valid tool has been used for treating many serious diseases that conventional drug therapies cannot cure. Due to the advancement of physical technology and ...nanotechnology, advanced physical gene delivery methods such as electroporation, magnetoporation, sonoporation and optoporation have been extensively developed and are receiving increasing attention, which have the advantages of briefness and nontoxicity. This review introduces the technique detail of membrane perforation, with a brief discussion for future development, with special emphasis on nanoparticles mediated optoporation that have developed as an new alternative transfection technique in the last two decades. In particular, the advanced physical approaches development and new technology are highlighted, which intends to stimulate rapid advancement of perforation techniques, develop new delivery strategies and accelerate application of these techniques in clinic.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The objective of this work was to investigate the damage characteristics and failure modes of gypsum rock under dynamic impact loading. Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests were performed under ...different strain rates. The strain rate effects on the dynamic peak strength, dynamic elastic modulus, energy density, and crushing size of gypsum rock were analyzed. A numerical model of the SHPB was established using the finite element software, ANSYS 19.0, and its reliability was verified by comparing it to laboratory test results. The results showed that the dynamic peak strength and energy consumption density of gypsum rock increased exponentially with strain rate, and the crushing size decreased exponentially with the strain rate, both findings exhibited an obvious correlation. The dynamic elastic modulus was larger than the static elastic modulus, but did not show a significant correlation. Gypsum rock fracture can be divided into crack compaction, crack initiation, crack propagation, and breaking stages, and is dominated by splitting failure. With increasing strain rate, the interaction between cracks is noticeable, and the failure mode changes from splitting to crushing failure. These results provide theoretical support for improvements of the refinement process in gypsum mines.
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be ...found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
The diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with ultrasound elastography for benign and malignant thyroid nodules is still controversial, so we used meta-analysis to seek ...controversial answers. The PubMed, OVID, and CNKI databases were searched according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature was selected from the establishment of each database to February 2024. The QUADAS-2 tool assessed diagnostic test accuracy. SROC curves and Spearman's correlation coefficient were made by Review Manager 5.4 software to assess the presence of threshold effects in the literature. Meta-Disc1.4 software was used for Cochrane-Q and χ
tests, which be used to evaluate heterogeneity, with P-values and I
indicating heterogeneity levels. The appropriate effect model was selected based on the results of the heterogeneity test. Stata18.0 software was used to evaluate publication bias. The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with ultrasound elastography for benign and malignant thyroid nodules was evaluated by calculating the combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, DOR, and area under the SROC curve. A total of 31 studies included 3811 patients with 4718 nodules were analyzed. There is no heterogeneity caused by the threshold effect, but there is significant non-threshold heterogeneity. Combined diagnostic metrics were: sensitivity = 0.93, specificity = 0.91, DOR = 168.41, positive likelihood ratio = 10.60, and negative likelihood ratio = 0.07. The SROC curve area was 0.97. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography show high diagnostic accuracy for thyroid nodules, offering a solid foundation for early diagnosis and treatment.Trial registration. CRD42024509462.
Through introducing octakis (3-mercaptopropyl) octasilsesquioxane (POSS-SH) synthesized in our lab to the prepolymerization solution containing stearyl acrylate (SA), 1,6-hexanediol ethoxylate ...diacrylate (HEDA) in the existence of porogenic solvents (tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol and 1-propanol), a POSS-containing hybrid monolithic column was fabricated via photo-initiated thiol-acrylate polymerization within 7 min. The resulting poly(SA-co-HEDA-co-POSS) monoliths were investigated by physical characterization and chromatographic evaluation. It was found that both the additive amount of thiol group and the proportion of porogenic solvents played vital effect on column efficiency, pore morphology and hydrophobicity of monolithic columns. Consequently, the poly(SA-co-HEDA-co-POSS) monolith possessed superior thermal stability, suitable permeability and homogeneous microstructure. The highest column efficiency was ∼111,000 N m−1 for butylbenzene at the linear velocity of 0.71 mm s−1 in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Subsequently, baseline separations of 9 phenolic compounds, 5 anilines and 5 antibiotics were achieved, indicating the monolithic poly(SA-co-HEDA-co-POSS) column had great ability for separation of small molecules. The analytic results of the tryptic digest of BSA and HeLa were also proved that the hybrid monolith had potential for the analysis of complicated biological samples.
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•POSS-SH was firstly employed to prepare hybrid monoliths.•A monolithic poly(SA-co-HEDA-co-POSS) column was fabricated via photo-initiated thiol-acrylate polymerization.•The poly(SA-co-HEDA-co-POSS) monolithic column exhibited high efficiencies in cLC.•The monolith was applied for separation of complicated biological samples in cLC-MS.
Unlike traditional user-item recommendation tasks (e.g., movie or consumer-product recommendation), reciprocal recommender systems (RRSs) (e.g., online dating services and job-recruitment sites) must ...consider the interests of both two users. Pair matching prediction can improve the efficiency with which RRSs match potential partners. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful models for learning representations of attributed graphs and information circulation between nodes. GNNs greatly facilitate link prediction in the area of user-item recommender systems but have not been extensively applied to RRS. In this study, we present a novel method for pair matching prediction that learns the reciprocal information circulation between users: not only side information about them but also structural information about their behavior histories. In contrast to earlier RRSs, which focus on response prediction, ours predicts both send and reply signals. Moreover, we introduce negative sample mining to explore the effect of different types of multiple samples on recommendation accuracy in real applications. Testing our method on data provided by an online dating service, we achieved an AUC of 73.15% (an absolute improvement of over 3.20% point above baseline) and an AP of 26.01% (an absolute improvement of over 2.79%) on send prediction; an AUC of 68.95% (an absolute improvement of over 1.74%) and an AP of 23.02% (an absolute improvement of over 0.70%) on reply prediction; an AUC of 71.26% (over 4.35% point absolute improvement) and an AP of 23.95% (over 0.30% point absolute improvement) on fusion reciprocal prediction.
Thermal pre-oxidation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers is a time-consuming and energy-consuming step in the production of PAN-based carbon fibers. In this paper, the effect of temperature on the ...structures and properties of PAN fibers cyclized in the supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO₂) medium was studied. The thermal behaviors of the PAN fibers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The cyclization reaction was sensitive to the heating temperature and gas atmosphere. The FT-IR results of the PAN fibers treated in the Sc-CO₂ confirmed that the degree of cyclization increased with the increase of the cyclization temperature. Compared with the PAN fibers treated in the air, the PAN fibers treated in the Sc-CO₂ showed a higher degree of cyclization even at the same temperature. These findings might be related to the osmotic action of Sc-CO₂ causing the fibers to be further arranged in a regular manner, which was favorable for the cyclization reaction. Moreover, as one kind of high diffusion and high heat transfer media, the heat release during the cyclization of PAN fibers could be quickly removed by Sc-CO₂, which achieved the progress of the rapid-entry cyclization reaction.
In this paper, the preparation and characteristics of SnS2 saturable absorber were demonstrated, and the SnS2 saturable absorber was used in Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG laser. Under different output coupler, ...repetition rate showed the range from 1.5 kHz to 6.2 kHz and pulse width showed the range from 3.1 ns to 5.8 ns with the increasing pump power. The max pulse energy was 29 μJ with peak power of 9.4 kW.
Most coal mine field application processes are carried out using empirical formulas because of the insufficient understanding of the fracture development law of the static blasting technology. This ...lack of understanding results in poor coal seam gas extraction. In this study, a stress–damage coupling model was established to investigate the construction parameters of the static blasting technology using COMSOL simulation software. Then, a stress–damage–seepage coupling model was designed to study the evolution of the fracture field (seepage field) during the static blasting process using realistic failure process analysis simulation software. Finally, the influencing factors and fracturing effects were analyzed comprehensively. The research results show the following. (1) Comparing the simulation results with previous field tests reveals that the seepage law of the numerical simulation of the static blasting technology is consistent with the field test results, verifying the rationality of the stress–damage–seepage coupling model. (2) The development of coal seam fractures is affected by the expansion pressure, elastic modulus, and guide hole arrangement; the guide hole arrangement can play a role in guiding the development direction of fractures and enhancing the effect of fracturing. (3) The coal body mainly experienced the following five stages of fracturing: coal body compaction, microdamage formation, microfracture formation, large fracture formation, and fracture propagation. In addition, because of the rapid release of soundless cracking agents during the large fracture formation stage, the gas flow decreased in a short time. (4) The static blasting technology causes the coal seam permeability coefficient to increase. Compared with conventional extraction, the effective influence radius in the horizontal direction increases by 5.1 times, and the effective influence radius in the vertical direction increases by approximately 3 times. The static blasting technology can increase the number of coal seam fractures and significantly reduce the coal seam gas pressure, thereby enhancing coal seam permeability and realizing safe coal mining.
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