Text mining technology holds considerable potential for augmenting research in the humanities, offering a novel approach to overcome the limitations inherent in traditional introspective ...methodologies and introducing innovative perspectives for literary analysis. This study explores the application of text mining within the humanities and social sciences, employing the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method for the feature vector representation of textual information. It constructs a linguistic feature analysis model using three computational techniques: support vector machine, logistic regression, and the naive Bayesian model. Philip Roth’s “Goodbye, Columbus” serves as the focal point of this research. The study involves preprocessing the text corpus and subsequently comparing the performance indices of the three linguistic feature analysis models to delve deeper into the relevance of syntactic and semantic feature analysis. The evaluation criteria used to delineate the linguistic characteristics of Jewish literature are identified and employed to conclude. Among the models tested, the support vector machine model demonstrates superior performance, evidenced by its higher accuracy (0.839), precision (0.866), and F-value (0.874) relative to the other models. The analysis identifies the most influential features for capturing the linguistic essence of Jewish literature as the proportion of dialogue, sentence disjunction, average word length, and word disjunction. The selected sample of Jewish literature exhibited notable characteristics, including dialogue richness (0.369), sentence rhythm (0.234), and linguistic richness (0.266). The findings affirm that the text-mining approach utilized in this study significantly enhances the linguistic characterization of Jewish literature. This method proves effective in assisting the linguistic analysis and research of Jewish literary works, thereby reinforcing the value of integrating advanced computational techniques in humanities research.
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a reversible mRNA modification that has been shown to play important roles in various biological processes. However, the roles of m6A modification in macrophages are still ...unknown. Here, we discover that ablation of Mettl3 in myeloid cells promotes tumour growth and metastasis in vivo. In contrast to wild-type mice, Mettl3-deficient mice show increased M1/M2-like tumour-associated macrophage and regulatory T cell infiltration into tumours. m6A sequencing reveals that loss of METTL3 impairs the YTHDF1-mediated translation of SPRED2, which enhances the activation of NF-kB and STAT3 through the ERK pathway, leading to increased tumour growth and metastasis. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 checkpoint blockade is attenuated in Mettl3-deficient mice, identifying METTL3 as a potential therapeutic target for tumour immunotherapy.
In the traditional management accounting information processing method, the method used to solve the problem is often fixed due to excessive assumptions. In order to improve its operating efficiency, ...combined with artificial intelligence information technology, this paper uses data mining algorithms to conduct data acquisition and rule exploration. Moreover, this paper uses statistics, machine learning and other techniques to analyze the correlation between attribute values and transform data into knowledge needed for decision-making. In addition, this paper combines machine learning algorithms to build an intelligent management accounting information system and realizes the close connection between corporate finance and business, which helps to form a closed-loop management between financial analysis, risk management, performance management, and decision-making. Finally, this paper designs experiments to verify the performance of the model. The research results show that the system constructed in this paper satisfies the intelligent demand of accounting information.
High-temperature electrochemical sensors based on stabilized zirconia play an important role in the control of exhaust emissions and the improvement of product quality and productivity. This paper ...gives an overview about high temperature oxygen sensor, auxiliary electrode type sensor, and mixed potential gas sensor. The response theories of a variety of sensors are elucidated. The related measurement ranges and application examples of oxygen sensors are presented. Since air pollution regulations are being reinforced in many countries, the worldwide demand for oxygen sensors is expected to be growing. Without appropriate solid electrolyte, auxiliary electrode type sensors are developed for measuring phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, manganese and chromium in melt and CO2, NOx and SOx in gas. We have described recent advances in improving the sensitivity, selectivity and long-term stability of mixed potential gas sensors which could be obtained by selecting suitable SE materials. This paper also reviews the limiting factors in measurement, the properties of stabilized zirconia and the role of electrode configuration in electrochemical sensors.
•Paper presents a review of electrochemical sensors based on stabilized zirconia.•Limiting factors in measurements are discussed.•Critical work of the state-of-the-art in the electrochemical sensors is presented.•Electrode reaction at the TPB and gas diffusion within electrode are discussed.
Discussions of China's hollowed village reconstruction (HVR) program tend to divide initiatives into community-based model (CBM, led by local actors which is also called bottom-up model) and ...government-led model (GLM, driven by policy makers which is also called top-down model). In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework, which goes beyond these two models. Then, we take three typical villages which experienced different models of HVR in recent years as case studies, exploring the intersection of the process of decision-making, the structure of governance and the performance of projects. Both theoretical analysis and case studies show that a hybrid governance structure (HGS), with limited range of reconstruction in the distribution and functions of rural land, is most in line with China's background for HVR and rural vitalization. The participatory process is very important for these three modes, with villages and communities as the important carriers for participation and interaction. Not only villagers can truly participate in the planning and decision-making process in the HGS's approach, which enables villagers to have more autonomy, but also enhanced the project's performance by integrating villagers' interests and willingness with government proposals, matching the subjective and the objective conditions. This research indicates that we can integrate diverse driving forces of village revitalization, pay more attention to the governance's structure and operating models of reconstructing. More importantly, this study responds to Elinor Ostrom's common-pool resource theory and suggests a way forward in the public governance of rural vitalization in contemporary China.
•Most rural China are experiencing rapid depopulation and hollowing.•Hollowed village reconstruction (HVR) can help to revitalize hollowed villages.•This paper compares the top-down, bottom-up and combined models of HVR.•Hybrid top-down/bottom-up model could help to revitalize hollowed villages better.
Graphene aerogel (GA) has attracted great attention due to its unique properties, such as ultralow density, superelasticity, and multifunctionality. However, it is a great challenge to develop ...superelastic and fatigue-resistant GA (SFGA) with ultralow density because it is generally contradictory to improve the mechanical properties with reducing density of GA. Herein, we report a simple and efficient approach to prepare ultralight SFGA templated by graphene oxide liquid crystal (GOLC) stabilized air bubbles. The thus-prepared ultralight SFGA (∼2 mg cm–3) exhibits superelasticity (rapid recovery from >99% compression) and unprecedented fatigue-resistant performance (maintaining shape integrity after 106 compressive cycles at 70% strain and 5 Hz). The ultralow density and excellent dynamic mechanical properties of SFGA are mainly associated with the “volume exclusion effect” of the air bubbles as well as the highly ordered, closely packed, and uniform porous structure of the resultant GA, respectively. This study provides a green and facile strategy for preparing high-performance ultralight SFGA, which has great potential in various applications, including ultrafast dynamic pressure sensors, soft robot, and flexible devices.
Background
In the era of immunotherapy, the immune function of patients with cancer has attracted increasingly more attention. The immune scoring system is an important supplement to the classical ...tumor staging and classification process. The immune system plays a controversial role in the development of cancer. Meanwhile, the prognostic significance of peripheral blood lymphocytes is still controversial. The present study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of peripheral blood lymphocytes in eight types of cancers.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 32731 patients with cancer hospitalized in Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD56+, and CD127+ lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of all patients were examined using flow cytometry. The immune cell subsets of patients with cancer were classified into three groups using the K-means clustering method via the R language software. Differences in the overall survival rate were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. The Cox regression model was utilized for univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results
The mean survival time of patients with liver cancer, rectal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, and lymphoma was 30.25, 21.74, 37.67, 16.28, 21.62, 30.25, 31.43, and 34.27 months, respectively. The survival curves showed that the most prognostically beneficial immune state of the patients was when the expression of the immune cells in the peripheral blood was in equilibrium. Moreover, Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that the factors affecting the overall survival (OS) of patients with eight different kinds of cancer were not identical. However, CD19+ lymphocytes had the most significant impact on the prognosis of these patients.
Conclusions
Cancer occurrence and development were associated with the density of lymphocyte infiltration. Thus, immune homeostasis could be an effective indicator to evaluate prognosis and judge cancer treatment.
Grazing management can alter soil properties and microbial communities that are critical to maintaining grasslands' long-term productivity and function, but information relevant to such influences ...operating on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China is scarce. The present study was undertaken to examine the impact of different grazing management approaches e.g., seasonal grazing (SG), continuous grazing (CG), and exclosure grazing (EG) on soil properties and microbial communities on the QTP. Soil properties from two depths (0 to 0.15 m and 0.15 to 0.30 m) and microbial communities from topsoil (0 to 0.15 m) were measured in plots representative of each grazing type. Several soil properties were of greater magnitude in SG vs. CG sites: aboveground biomass, 838 vs. 46 g/m2; soil organic carbon 20.73 vs. 8.07 g/kg; total soil nitrogen 1.74 vs. 1.07 g/kg; total soil phosphorus 0.20 vs. 0.16 g/kg. Soil property values at the EG site were intermediate to those at the SG and CG sites. While no significant difference in richness and the α-diversity of soil bacteria and soil fungi occurred among grazing types, the β-diversity of soil fungi differed significantly, and the β-diversity of soil bacteria under EG was significantly different from that under SG or CG. Results from the present study suggest that grazing management can alter soil conditions and microbial β-diversity, and EG might prove a useful long-term option for grassland recovery.
•Soil condition under seasonal grazing was better than under continuous grazing•Soil condition under exclosure grazing was intermediate between above-mentioned two•No difference in the α-diversity of soil microbes among the three types of management•The fungal communities were significantly different among these management practices•Exclosure grazing may be a useful, but slow, tool for grassland recovery on the QTP
Stem cell differentiation is of great interest in medical research; however, specifically and effectively regulating stem cell differentiation is still a challenge. In addition to chemical factors, ...physical signals are an important component of the stem cell ecotone. The mechanical microenvironment of stem cells has a huge role in stem cell differentiation. Herein, we describe the knowledge accumulated to date on the mechanical environment in which stem cells exist, which consists of various factors, including the extracellular matrix and topology, substrate stiffness, shear stress, hydrostatic pressure, tension, and microgravity. We then detail the currently known signalling pathways that stem cells use to perceive the mechanical environment, including those involving nuclear factor-kB, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, the piezoelectric mechanosensitive ion channel, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha. Using this information in clinical settings to treat diseases is the goal of this research, and we describe the progress that has been made. In this review, we examined the effects of mechanical factors in the stem cell growth microenvironment on stem cell differentiation, how mechanical signals are transmitted to and function within the cell, and the influence of mechanical factors on the use of stem cells in clinical applications. Keywords: Stem cell, Extracellular matrix, Shear stress, Hydrostatic pressure, Tension, Microgravity, NF-kB, nAChR, PIEZO, HIF-1alpha
The predictive power of extubation failure diagnosed by cough strength varies by study. Here we summarise the diagnostic power of extubation failure tested by cough strength.
A comprehensive online ...search was performed to select potentially eligible studies that evaluated the predictive power of extubation failure tested by cough strength. A manual search was also performed to identify additional studies. Data were extracted to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR), negative LR, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to evaluate the predictive power of extubation failure.
A total of 34 studies involving 45 study arms were enrolled, and 7329 patients involving 8684 tests were analysed. In all, 23 study arms involving 3018 tests measured cough peak flow before extubation. The pooled extubation failure was 36.2% and 6.3% in patients with weak and strong cough assessed by cough peak flow, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive LR, negative LR, DOR, and AUC were 0.76 (95% confidence interval CI: 0.72-0.80), 0.75 (0.69-0.81), 2.89 (2.36-3.54), 0.37 (0.30-0.45), 8.91 (5.96-13.32), and 0.79 (0.75-0.82), respectively. Moreover, 22 study arms involving 5666 tests measured the semiquantitative cough strength score (SCSS) before extubation. The pooled extubation failure was 37.1% and 11.3%, respectively, in patients with weak and strong cough assessed by the SCSS. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive LR, negative LR, DOR, and AUC were 0.53 (95% CI: 0.41-0.64), 0.83 (0.74-0.89), 2.50 (1.93-3.25), 0.65 (0.56-0.76), 4.61 (3.03-7.01), and 0.74 (0.70-0.78), respectively.
Weak cough is associated with increased extubation failure. Cough peak flow is superior to the SCSS for predicting extubation failure. However, both show moderate power for predicting extubation failure.
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