•Cell envelope proteinase (CEP) extracted from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus.•CEP mainly degraded soybean protein near 35 kDa.•Hydrolysis time affects structural properties and ...antioxidant activity of hydrolysates.•Hydrolysates after 4 h have the highest antioxidant activity.
In this work, we investigated the structural and biological properties of soybean protein isolate (SPI) after 0–8 h hydrolyzation with cell envelope proteinase (CEP) extracted from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. CEP hydrolysis increased the β-sheet and red-shifted the fluorescence peak, while decreasing the α-helix, indicating the unfolding of soybean proteins. Increased surface hydrophobicity and fluorescence of the soybean protein hydrolysates were correlated with the increased hydrophobic amino acid (from 209.67 to 217.6 mg/100 g). CEP tended to hydrolyze the N- and C-terminal regions of sequences dominated by Gly and Leu, which enhanced the antioxidant activity of the SPHs (lowest IC50s value of ABTS•+ and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were 0.324 ± 0.006 mg/mL and 0.365 ± 0.001 mg/mL after 4 h hydrolysis). Comparison with the database of bioactive peptides suggested various potential biological activities, including antioxidant activity, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory activity. The study findings have theoretical significance for the development of CEP hydrolysis and novel bioactive soybean peptides.
Abstract To evaluate the expression of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and their correlation with patient clinical ...characteristics, we detected using immunohistochemistry in 81 specimens of patients with DLBCL. The correlation between protein expression levels and clinical parameters, as well as the association between CD68 and TLR4 were analyzed. The number of CD68 TAMs was closely related to β2 -microglobulin ( P = .028 and P < .05), whereas there was no significant correlation between the number of CD68 TAMs and other clinical factors. Toll-like receptor 4 was related to tumor size and peripheral blood lymphocyte to monocyte ratio. The Spearman correlation coefficient indicated a significant positive correlation between CD68 TAMs and TLR4 expression ( r = 0.240; P = .038, P = .05). These results, on one hand, indicated that TLR4-induced inflammatory responses may affect TAM infiltration and accumulation, and that TAMs and TLR4 may interact to play important roles in DLBCL microenvironment regulating the tumor growth, but, on the other hand demonstrated that both of TAMs and TLR4 had not only one side on DLBCL growth.
Performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of low-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating epilepsy.
An electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE, ...Weipu, and Wanfang databases was conducted to select randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of low-frequency rTMS for epilepsy and related diseases. Outcome measures mainly included seizure frequency, response rate, and cognitive assessment score. Odds ratio (OR), standardized mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to evaluate these effects. The heterogeneity test was measured using chi-square and I2. Possible effects of covariates were investigated using meta-regressions. The sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment also was performed.
The retrieval time was from the establishment to February 2023. 18 RCTs were identified, including 1224 patients. The results showed that rTMS treatment reduced the frequency of the seizure in antiepileptics drugs (AEDs) therapy (SMD = -1.066, 95% CI -1.618, -0.515), especially in the first week after treatment (SMD = -1.641, 95% CI -2.778, -0.503), and significantly improved the effective rate (OR = 3.877, 95% CI 2.725, 5.515) and cognitive assessment score (SMD = 1.038, 95% CI 0.745, 1.332). The sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were stable, and Egger's tests showed no evidence of publication biases.
The current evidence suggests that low-frequency rTMS-assisted therapy significantly improves antiepileptics drugs' efficacy and improves patients' cognitive function. This additional therapeutic effect has a certain timeliness. Limited by the quantity and quality of the selected studies, further prospective studies with more participants are needed to draw broad and accurate conclusions.
Wireless Sensor Network is an important part of the Internet of Things. Data privacy preservation in wireless sensor networks is extremely urgent and challenging. To address this problem, we propose ...in this paper a privacy-preserving data aggregation protocol in wireless sensor networks. Compared to the previous research, our protocol protects the actual data from other nodes based on a rotation scheme while reducing communication overhead dramatically. The protocol achieves accurate aggregation results. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm the high privacy and efficiency of our proposal.
High-adhesive superhydrophobic polyethersulfone (PES) litchi-like coating has been fabricated by combining dopamine polymerization and the sol-gel technology. Polydopamine as an adhesive effectively ...enhanced the interface bonding force between the polymer (PES) and inorganic particles (nano-SiO2). The superhydrophobic PES coating has wear resistance, corrosion resistance performances and is also highly applicable on different substrates.
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•Nano-silica particles has been in-situ grown on polyethersulfone surface directly.•Polydopamine as an adhesive enhanced the polyethersulfone-silica interface bonding force.•The superhydrophobic coating has litchi-sharp structure surface.•The superhydrophobic PES coating has highly applicable on different substrates.
This work presents the preparation of durable superhydrophobic polyethersulfone (PES) composite coating with large water contact angle of 157.2 ± 1.3° and small sliding angle of 3 ± 0.5°. The interface bonding force between PES and SiO2 nanoparticles was enhanced through the dopamine self-polymerization on the surfaces of PES particles during the sol-gel process. After surface modification with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (POTS), superhydrophobic PES-PDA-SiO2-POTS coating was easily prepared by a simple one-step spraying method with less than 2.6 wt% SiO2. The dosage of nanoparticles to establish micro/nano structures for superhydrophobic coating was much less than the previously reported, which is beneficial to improve the interface bonding force between PES and SiO2. The prepared coating can still remain superhydrophobicity even after 84 h of immersion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The durable superhydrophobicity was mainly attributed to the litchi-like structure that trapped more air to effectively prevent water infiltration. Combined with the high interface bonding force of PES-SiO2 and the low concentration of SiO2, the adhesive ability of the coatings accorded with Grade 0 of GB/T9286, which represented the best adhesive strength. In addition, the wear life of the PES-PDA-SiO2-POTS coating was prolonged to 8 times than that of PES/SiO2/POTS coating. Potentiodynamic polarization plots indicated that the coating had great corrosion resistance, low corrosion current density of 9 × 10−9 A/cm2 and high corrosion protection effect of 99.99%. The superhydrophobic PES-PDA-SiO2-POTS coating can be also highly applied on different substrates. It is believed the PES-PDA-SiO2-POTS coating may have great potential for large-scale applications.
This study investigated the predicting effect of implicit theories of health on HPV vaccination intention among young adult Chinese women and its underlying mechanisms. Four-hundred and eighty-three ...young Chinese women adults (18-26 years old) participated this study by completing measures on implicit theories of health, consideration of future consequences, future self-continuity, and reported their HPV vaccination intention. The results demonstrated that age, whether they knew someone being diagnosed with cancer, implicit (incremental) theories of health, consideration of future consequences (CFC-Future), and future self-continuity significantly predicted young adult Chinese women's HPV vaccination intention. The predicting effect of implicit theories of health was mediated by consideration of future consequences and future self-continuity. Implications of the current research for promoting HPV vaccination among young adult women and directions for future research are discussed.
Abstract Background Multi-antibiotic resistance in bacterial infections is a growing threat to public health. Some experiments were carried out to study the multi-antibiotic resistance. Methods The ...changes of the multi-antibiotic resistance with time were achieved by numerical simulations and the mathematical models, with the calculated temperature field, velocity field, and the antibiotic concentration
field. Results The computed results and experimental results are compared. Conclusions Both numerical simulations and the analytic models suggest that minor low concentrations of antibiotics could induce antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
Abstract Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome is characterized by infantile onset seizures, development delay, movement disorders, and acquired microcephaly. The phenotype includes allelic ...variants such as intermittent ataxia, choreoathetosis, dystonia, and alternating hemiplegia of childhood with or without epilepsy. Dystonias involve allelic variants of glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome. Three Chinese patients presented with paroxysmal behavioral disturbance, weakness, ataxia (especially after fasting), and exercise intolerance. Electroencephalogram findings did not correlate with clinical manifestations. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging produced normal results or mild hypomyelination. Hypoglycorrhachia was evident in all cases. Cerebrospinal fluid glucose ranged from 1.63-2.45 mmol/L. Erythrocyte 3-O-methyl- d -glucose uptake was decreased to 58% in patient 1. Three SLC2A1 disease-causing mutations (761delA, P383H, and R400C) were observed. No patient tolerated ketogenic diets. Two patients responded to frequent meals with snacks. Cerebrospinal fluid evaluation constitutes the diagnostic testing permitting early treatment of glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment improve prognoses.
Federated Learning is a distributed machine learning framework, which mainly adopts cloud-edge collaborative computing mode and supports multiple participants to train models without directly sharing ...local data. However, participants' sensitive information may still be leaked through their gradients. Besides, incorrect aggregated results returned by the aggregation server may reduce the effect of joint modeling. This article proposes a privacy-preserving and verifiable federated learning method called PPVerifier to support privacy protection and verification of aggregated results in the cloud-edge collaborative computing environment. By the integrating Paillier homomorphic encryption and random number generation technique, all gradients and their ciphertexts can be protected. Meanwhile, an additive secret-sharing scheme is introduced to resist potential collusion attacks among the aggregation server, malicious participants, and edge nodes. Moreover, a verification scheme based on discrete logarithm is proposed, which can not only verify the correctness of aggregated results, but also discover lazy aggregation servers, and the verification overhead can be reduced by over half compared with a bilinear aggregate signature method. Finally, theoretical analysis and experiments conducted on the MNIST data set prove that our proposed method can achieve gradient protection and correctness verification of the aggregated results with higher efficiency.
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