Ye N., Zhang X., Wang H., Lian W., Mao Y., Xu D., Li B., Liang C., Zou J., Zhu B., Jiang Z., Gao Z. and Li D. 2012. Characterization and production of tetraspore-derived seedlings of Grateloupia ...lanceolata (Halymeniales, Rhodophyta) in northeastern China. Phycologia 51: 330-339. DOI: 10.2216/11-03.1
In this study, Grateloupia lanceolata, newly recorded from northeastern China, was classified on the basis of morphology and rbcL sequence analysis and also raised in a laboratory to evaluate the feasibility of producing tetraspore-derived seedlings. Analysis of the rbcL sequence showed the samples to be monophyletic with G. lanceolata and different from any other species of the genus. Analysis of variance indicated that time has a significant (P < 0.01) effect on both tetraspore output and the percentage of total tetraspores released; those released in the first 2 d made up more than 72% of the total sporulation output; whereas, those released in the last 2 d contributed only 2.52%. In culture, tetraspores released from the unilocular sporangia developed into small discs in one week, and 87% ± 5.7% of the tetraspores that settled developed into sporelings after 9 wk of culture. Tetraspore culture of G. lanceolata in tanks and in the open sea proved to be a feasible method of generating large numbers of individual gametophytes economically.
Sound source localization in visual scenes aims to localize objects emitting the sound in a given image. Recent works showing impressive localization performance typically rely on the contrastive ...learning framework. However, the random sampling of negatives, as commonly adopted in these methods, can result in misalignment between audio and visual features and thus inducing ambiguity in localization. In this paper, instead of following previous literature, we propose Self-Supervised Predictive Learning (SSPL), a negative-free method for sound localization via explicit positive mining. Specifically, we first devise a three-stream network to elegantly associate sound source with two augmented views of one corresponding video frame, leading to semantically coherent similarities between audio and visual features. Second, we introduce a novel predictive coding module for audio-visual feature alignment. Such a module assists SSPL to focus on target objects in a progressive manner and effectively lowers the positive-pair learning difficulty. Experiments show surprising results that SSPL outperforms the state-of-the-art approach on two standard sound localization benchmarks. In particular, SSPL achieves significant improvements of 8.6% cIoU and 3.4% AUC on SoundNet-Flickr compared to the previous best. Code is available at: https://github.com/zjsong/SSPL.
This paper addresses two crucial problems of learning disentangled image representations, namely controlling the degree of disentanglement during image editing, and balancing the disentanglement ...strength and the reconstruction quality. To encourage disentanglement, we devise a distance covariance based decorrelation regularization. Further, for the reconstruction step, our model leverages a soft target representation combined with the latent image code. By exploring the real-valued space of the soft target representation, we are able to synthesize novel images with the designated properties. To improve the perceptual quality of images generated by autoencoder (AE)-based models, we extend the encoder-decoder architecture with the generative adversarial network (GAN) by collapsing the AE decoder and the GAN generator into one. We also design a classification based protocol to quantitatively evaluate the disentanglement strength of our model. Experimental results showcase the benefits of the proposed model.
A crucial problem in learning disentangled image representations is controlling the degree of disentanglement during image editing, while preserving the identity of objects. In this work, we propose ...a simple yet effective model with the encoder-decoder architecture to address this challenge. To encourage disentanglement, we devise a distance covariance based decorrelation regularization. Further, for the reconstruction step, our model leverages a soft target representation combined with the latent image code. By exploiting the real-valued space of the soft target representations, we are able to synthesize novel images with the designated properties. We also design a classification based protocol to quantitatively evaluate the disentanglement strength of our model. Experimental results show that the proposed model competently disentangles factors of variation, and is able to manipulate face images to synthesize the desired attributes.
Based on the analysis of dissolved organic carbon(DOC),particulate organic carbon(POC)and chlorophyll a(Chl-a)of the water samples collected from eighteen stations in Sanggou Bay in ...August,2012,according to the different aquaculture characteristics,the horizontal distribution of DOC and POC,and the source of POC were discussed.The results showed that the concentrations of DOC ranged from 1.70mg/L to 2.82mg/L,with an average of 2.03mg/L.The DOC demonstrated a decreasing trend from the west to the east.The concentration of POC ranged from 0.04mg/L to 1.33mg/L,with the average of 0.55mg/L.The POC demonstrated an increasing trend from the south to the north.The concentrations of DOC and POC in net-cage culture area showed the highest values,followed by the coastal waters of Sanggou Bay.The DOC and POC concentrations were the lowest in the kelp culture area,indicating a direct relationship between the concentration of organic carbon and aquaculture species.Preliminary analysis of the source of POC based the POC/Ch
Rut disease and anti-rut performance of a 13km very long uphill expressway was studied, which indicates that standard rut testing methods and dynamic stability controlling standard values are not ...suitable for the very long uphill expressway. According to the study, the 52km very long continuous uphill expressway was divided into three sections based on the temperature and longitudinal slope condition. Many asphalt surface course combination structures were set for the three sections. Total-thickness rut tests were carried out for these combination structures at heavy loading, low speed and different temperature conditions with the developed Wheel Tracking Test equipment. A dynamic stability controlling standard value for the whole asphalt surface course of the 52km long uphill expressway was determined, and according to the dynamic stability controlling standard value, the optimal asphalt surface course combination structures were recommended for the three sections.
Water quality inside the lantern nets and the mortality of scallop Chlamys farreri in Sanggou Bay in 2006 were evaluated. The results showed that after 7 months of culture, the mortality rate was ...below 6% for scallops with the initial density of less than 30 individuals per disk, while up to 27% for scallops with high initial density of 40 individuals per disk. There was no significant difference between the concentrations of dissolved phosphorous and silicate inside and outside the lantern nets. However, the concentration of ammonia was significantly different in July and August. The concentration of chlorophyll a inside and outside the lantern nets was significantly different. In September, for the experimental scallop groups with high density, the concentration of chlorophyll a was lower than 0.67 mg/m super(3), and food may be the limiting factor for the growth and survival of scallops. In August, the concentration of bacteria inside the lantern nets with the high density group was significantly higher th
The distribution of dissolved nutrients in Sanggou Bay was investigated in April, July and November 2006 and January 2007. The concentration and distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), ...phosphate (PO sub(4) super(3-)) and silicate in Sanggou Bay showed obvious seasonal variation. DIN reached the lowest level in spring and the highest level in autumn, PO sub(4) super(3-) concentration was at the lowest level in summer and the highest level in autumn, while Si concentration reached the lowest point in autumn and the highest point in summer. Limiting nutrients for the growth of phytoplankton were assessed by the method of theoretical half-saturation constant (Ks) and stoichiometric ratios among DIN, PO sub(4) super(3-) and SiO sub(2) super(3-). The results showed that in spring, the percentage of stations with concentration of DIN and PO sub(4) super(3-) below Ks was 44% and 39%, respectively, suggesting for potential N and P limitation. In summer, the percentage of stations with PO sub(4) super(3-) c
