To enhance the availability of utility-scale PV plants generations, energy storage systems (ESS) have been applied. In both planning and operation stages, it is important to evaluate the credible ...capacity of optimally controlled PV-ESS plants. In this paper, a credible capacity evaluation method is proposed, which is suitable for PV farms with battery devices. A sequence Monte-Carlo simulation is introduced to evaluate the effective load-carrying capability of the PV-ESS plant. Then, a Markov chain is presented for modeling state transition of the energy storage system, considering fluctuation of both PV power and load. The optimized dispatch of energy storages is formulated as a Markov decision process, which generates the optimal control strategy of the PV-ESS plant. A real power system named as Qinghai Grid is adopted to validate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.
In this study, the diversity within the duodenum (S), jejunum (K) and caecum (M) contents of the three different intestinal gut sections microbiota of 30-week-old (peak production stage) Jinghong ...laying hens were evaluated. The bacterial DNA was sequentially isolated and the V3 to V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes were amplified. Results showed that the average bacterial sequences from the duodenum, jejunum and caecum content were identified to be 175.33 ± 26.63, 64.00 ± 20.95 and 305.33 ± 4.16 OTUs, respectively. The inherent OTUs were found among duodenum (75), jejunum (2) and caecum (172). The caecum had the highest diversity (Shannon = 5.57 ± 0.06) among the three communities. Firmicutes (65.54%) and Proteobacteria (32.68%) were the predominant bacterial phyla in the duodenum content. Firmicutes (97.27%) was the most commonly detected phyla in the jejunum content. As to the caecum, the relatively prominent phyla were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and Fusobacteria, accounting for 48.70%, 28.91% and 15.93%, respectively. At the genus level, Lactobacillus, Helicobacter, Bacillus, Peptoclostridium and Campylobacter were the relatively abundant genera in the duodenum content, accounting for 51.76%, 28.07%, 5.89%, 5.04% and 1.70%, respectively. Within the jejunum content, Lactobacillus was the most commonly detected genera, which represent 96.26% of the total genera.
Vegetation indices (VIs) are valuable in numerous remote sensing fields. Nevertheless, it is difficult to accurately discern vegetation using VIs, causing by the effects of the shaded vegetation, ...saturation vegetation, synthetic turf stadiums, and colored steel tile. Measuring the spectral curves of shadows, synthetic turf stadiums, and colored steel tiles, we found that the interfering features can be suppressed by a formula composition, named the original multiple spectrum-based vegetation index (OMSVI). In addition, we integrated the antisaturation function into OMSVI to solve the band saturation issue, resulting in the improved multiple spectrum-based vegetation index (IMSVI). To address the structure saturation issue, the blue and red edge 1 band could be used to alter the denominator structure of IMSVI, thus obtaining the final modified multiple spectrum-based vegetation index (MMSVI). To demonstrate the generalization of the MMSVI, nine common VIs were compared in three large cities with diverse environments. The results of MMSVI showed that the vegetation extraction accuracy was stabilized at more than 90%, and the saturated leaf area index (SLAI) position continued to exceed 5.0, both of which were superior to the current VIs. In combination with a conventional optical sensor, it provided an innovative solution for monitoring vegetation in high-dynamic spaces, particularly in subtropical cities, where saturation issues are more prevalent.
Gastric tuberculosis is rarely seen in clinical practice, which occurs mostly secondary to lung tuberculosis, intestinal tuberculosis, and other common tuberculosis. Gastric tuberculosis rarely ...presents as a single microscopic superficial erosion. We recently diagnosed such a case, hence reporting it herein.
A 40-year-old female patient was admitted with a chief complaint of painful enlarged cervical lymph nodes. She had no other symptoms or any previous history of remarkable diseases.
Physical examination found multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Computer tomography revealed multiple circular well-defined soft tissue masses in the bilateral carotid sheath spaces. A cervical lymph node biopsy showed caseous necrosis with infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and most importantly, mycobacteria through staining for acid fast bacilli. Routine gastroscopy showed a 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm well-defined erosion on the large curvature of the gastric body. Gastric biopsy revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation with mycobacteria through staining for acid fast bacilli. The patient was diagnosed as having cervical lymph node tuberculosis and gastric tuberculosis.
She received 6 months of standard anti-tuberculosis therapy. The enlarged cervical lymph nodes shrank in size and the pain was relieved.
Gastroscopy should be performed to look for gastric tuberculosis if the patient presents primary tuberculosis in other organs/tissues such as cervical lymph nodes. If any small erosion is found, a biopsy is justified for checking the possibility of gastric tuberculosis.
Textures often occur in real-world images and may cause considerable difficulties in image segmentation. In order to segment texture images, we propose a new segmentation model that combines image ...decomposition model and active contour model. The former model is capable of decomposing structural and oscillating components separately from texture image, and the latter model can be used to provide smooth segmentation contour. In detail, we just replace the data term of piecewise constant/smooth approximation in CCV (convex Chan-Vese) model with that of image decomposition model-VO (Vese-Osher). Therefore, our proposed model can estimate both structural and oscillating components of texture images as well as segment textures simultaneously. In addition, we design fast Split-Bregman algorithm for our proposed model. Finally, the performance of our method is demonstrated by segmenting some synthetic and real texture images.
Since modern smart grids have various and deeply coupled cyber-physical components, they are vulnerable to malicious cyber attacks. Although regular defenses including firewall and IDS are deployed, ...they may be weakened by zero-day vulnerabilities and sophisticated attack schemes. Therefore, defense strategies to mitigate the risk of blackouts during cyber attacks are necessary. This paper proposes a cyber-physical coordinated defense strategy to overcome the disruption and minimize the risk as much as possible. At the cyber layer, a zero-sum multilevel Markovian Stackelberg game is proposed to model sequential actions of the attacker and the defender. The defender distributes defensive resources to protect lines in a real-time manner, according to the attacker's action. If cyber attacks should result in physical outages, defense at the physical layer is then employed. A security-constrained optimal power flow reserving security margin of critical components will be performed to minimize the blackout scale and potential future risk. To solve the corresponding optimization problem and further get the optimal defense strategy, this paper devises a novel "water-pouring" algorithm. Lastly, test results show that the proposed dynamic defense strategy mitigates risk significantly and outperforms existing methods.
In the analysis of cascading outages and blackouts in power systems, risky cascading fault chains should be accurately identified in order to do further block or alleviate blackouts. However, the ...huge computational burden makes online analysis difficult. In this paper, an online search method for representative risky fault chains based on reinforcement learning and knowledge transfer is proposed. This method aims at promoting efficiency by exploiting similarities of adjacent power flow snapshots in operations. After the "representative risky fault chain" is defined, a framework of tree search based on Markov Decision Process and Q-learning is constructed. The knowledge in past runs is accumulated offline and then applied online, with a mechanism of knowledge transition and extension. The proposed learning based approach is verified on an illustrative 39-bus system with different loading levels, and simulations are carried out on a real-world 1000-bus power grid in China to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
To explore whether resveratrol can postpone the fibrosis associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) by modulating the mitochondrial autophagy response through the AMPK/SIRT1-mediated IRE1α/PINK ...signaling pathway.
A DCM mouse model was established using a high-sugar high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Resveratrol was administered to a subset of the DCM mouse models for comparison. Echocardiography, Masson staining, TNUEL assay, and transmission electron microscopy were employed to evaluate the cardiac status, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial cell apoptosis, and morphological changes of myocardial cells and their internal mitochondria in each group of mice. Western blot staining was performed on myocardial tissues to assess the protein expression levels of p-AMPK, SIRT1, SIRT3, p22, GP91, p-IRE1α, XBP1s PINK, Parkin, LC3I, and Beclin. Mouse myocardial cells were cultured in vitro and intervened with a high-sugar high-fat diet, resveratrol, and GSK690693 (an AMPK inhibitor) to observe the protein expression levels of p-AMPK, p22, XBP1s, and PINK in mouse myocardial cells in each group.
Results from echocardiography, Masson staining, TNUEL assay, and transmission electron microscopy showed that resveratrol administration alleviated cardiac damage, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial autophagy in DCM mice. Resveratrol administration promoted the expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in the myocardial tissue of mice, while lowering the elevated protein expression levels of p22 subunit (p22), guanine nucleotide-binding protein q polypeptide 1 (GP91), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (p-IRE1α), X-box binding protein 1 spliced form (XBP1s), PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK), Parkin, microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3 isoform I (LC3I), and Beclin (Bcl-2 interacting protein) caused by DCM. GSK690693 (an AMPK inhibitor) suppressed the expression of p-AMPK, SIRT1, and SIRT3 and enhanced the protein expression of p22, XBP1s, and PINK.
Resveratrol postpones dilated cardiomyopathy fibrosis by regulating the mitochondrial autophagy response through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)-mediated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α)/PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK) signaling pathway.
Multiplicative noise removal is always a hard problem in fundamental image processing task. Many methods are proposed for the multiplicative noise removal by using different denoiser prior in ...variational framework. Among the image prior, total variation (TV) is first proposed and then many other regularization such as PM, TGV, nonlocal and many other priors are also proposed for enhancing the denoising ability. Although using the priors can get good performance, the models are hard to be resolved with sophisticated priors. A new model based on the deep CNN denoiser prior for removing multiplicative noise is proposed in this paper. The proposed energy function is easy calculated via several sub-optimal questions by split bregman method and alternative minimization is used for the solution. The proposed method does not need to deduce the sophisticated formula and can achieve good performance. From the experiments, we can see that our method achieved good results.
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