Sonodynamic therapy depending on ultrasound irradiation, which generates reactive species to kill cancer cells, has attracted considerable attention due to the deep tissue penetration depth. However, ...the insufficient separation of electron/hole pairs induces its limited therapeutic efficiency. Herein, we use oxygen vacancy and ZnO quantum dots decoration techniques to enhance electron/hole separation and reactive species production. In oxygen vacancy-engineered BaTiO3, the higher oxygen vacancy concentration leads to more efficient adsorption of activate O2 and thus results in production of more radicals. In BaTiO3/ZnO heterostructures, the built-in electric field further improves separation of electron/hole pairs. The separated electron/hole react with O2/H2O to produce reactive species of •OH/∙O2- and kill cancer cells upon ultrasound irradiation. The work provides a guidance for sonosensitizers to tumor therapy.
Medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is a serious issue. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for MDRPI associated with ICU patients through ...systematic review and meta-analysis, and provide insights into the clinical prevention of MDRPI.
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Database, and China BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) (from inception to January 2023) for studies that identified risk factors of MDRPI in ICU patients. In order to avoid the omission of relevant literature, we performed a secondary search of the above database on February 15, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3.
Fifteen studies involving 4850 participants were selected to analyze risk factors for MDRPI in ICU patients. While conducting a meta-analysis, we used sensitivity analysis to ensure the reliability of the results for cases with significant heterogeneity among studies. When the source of heterogeneity cannot be determined, we only described the risk factor. The risk factors for MDRPI in ICU patients were elder age (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.10), diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.96-5.21), edema (OR = 3.62, 95% CI: 2.31-5.67), lower Braden scale score (OR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.11-1.33), higher SOFA score (OR = 4.21, 95%CI: 2.38-7.47), higher APACHE II score (OR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.15-1.64), longer usage time of medical devices (OR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.05-1.19), use of vasoconstrictors (OR = 6.07, 95%CI: 3.15-11.69), surgery (OR = 4.36, 95% CI: 2.07-9.15), prone position (OR = 24.71, 95% CI: 7.34-83.15), and prone position ventilation (OR = 17.51, 95% CI: 5.86-52.36). Furthermore, we found that ICU patients who used subglottic suction catheters had a higher risk of MDRPI, whereas ICU patients with higher hemoglobin and serum albumin levels had a lower risk of MDRPI.
This study reported the risk factors for MDRPI in ICU patients. A comprehensive analysis of these risk factors will help to prevent and optimize interventions, thereby minimizing the occurrence of MDRPI.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Incorporation of carbon quantum dots on surface of BiFeO3 nano particles.•Enhanced visible light absorbance and electrons’ migration by carbon quantum dots.•Suppressed recombination ...of photoinduced charge carriers by piezoelectric effect.
Designing catalysts that can effectively make use of renewable energy benefits to solve the current challenges of environmental pollution and increasing energy demands. Piezo-photocatalysis that can utilize solar energy and natural vibration-energy has emerged as a “green” technique. In this work, we fabricated BiFeO3/C nano composites that can harvest solar and vibration energies and degrade organic pollutants. The incorporated carbon quantum dots bring about more efficient visible light absorbance and separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. The piezoelectric polarization further suppresses the recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. The catalysts own higher reaction rates in piezo-photocatalysis and the BiFeO3/C-0.12 shows the highest degradation efficiency (k-value of 0.0835 min−1).
Pelvic pain, infertility, and a high postoperative recurrence rate are associated with endometriosis and adversely affect the physical and mental health of patients. Moreover, these factors place a ...heavy burden on families and society. The identification of endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) in the eutopic endometrium, menstrual blood, and ectopic lesions of women with endometriosis not only provides new research objects in the context of endometriosis but also promotes and improves our understanding of its pathogenesis. Furthermore, based on previous studies, we reasonably suppose that dysfunctions of eutopic EnSCs play a critical role in the onset of endometriosis and directly cause abnormalities in the endometrium; subsequently, retrograde menstruation facilitates the delivery of abnormal endometrial tissues to the ovaries and pelvic cavity, where they ectopically implant, grow, and form ectopic lesions. Additionally, as a chronically progressive disease, there is a delay (3–11 years) from the first onset of symptoms to the diagnosis of endometriosis. Therefore, the development of a method for early diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity is essential for endometriosis patients and has the potential to enable early treatment, prevent endometriosis progression, and relieve pain in patients. Thus, focusing on EnSCs will contribute to clarifying the potential pathogenesis of endometriosis and provide support for the application of EnSCs as therapeutic and early diagnostic targets in endometriosis treatment. Summary sentence Focusing on endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) will contribute to clarifying the potential pathogenesis of endometriosis and provide support for the application of EnSCs as therapeutic and early diagnostic targets in endometriosis treatment.
Background
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, but its treatment options remain limited. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–tyrosine ...kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have limited efficacy in the treatment of lung SCC. Here, we report an SCC patient who developed EGFR-T790M mutation and showed gefitinib resistance achieved an extremely long survival by taking Osimertinib alternatively.
Case summary
A patient, 66-year-old non-smoking and drinking male with advanced SCC who was deemed inoperable at the time of diagnosis. The first genetic testing showed deletion mutation of exon 19 of EGFR. The patient was then treated with gefitinib with no significant efficacy. EGFR-T790M mutation was found in the second genetic test. The treatment regimen was changed to radiotherapy with Osimertinib, and the patient’s primary lesion and the brain metastases were well controlled.
Conclusion
This typical case highlights the important role of Osimertinib in patients with SCC carrying EGFR mutations.
Nosocomial infections (NIs) are an important cause of mortality, and increasing evidence reveals that the prevalence of NIs can be reduced through effective prevention and control measures. The aim ...of this study was to investigate the impact of the prevention and control measures for the COVID-19 pandemic on NIs. A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of NIs before and after COVID-19 pandemic for 6 months in the Children's Hospital of Soochow University. A total of 39,914 patients in 2019 and 34,645 patients in 2020 were admitted to the hospital during the study. There were 1.39% (481/34645) of patients with NIs in 2020, which was significantly lower than the 2.56% (1021/39914) of patients in 2019. The rate of critical and fatal cases was also decreased. In addition, the rate of appropriate handwashing, the number of protective gloves and aprons used per person and the number of healthcare staff per patients were significantly increased. Except for the ICU, the prevalence of nosocomial infection in most departments decreased from 2019 to 2020. Regarding the source of infections, a significant reduction was mainly observed in respiratory (0.99% vs 0.42%, p = 0.000) and digestive tract (0.63% vs 0.14%, p = 0.000). The microorganism analysis of respiratory infections indicated an obvious decline in acinetobacters and fungi. The most significant decline of pathogens in gastrointestinal infections was observed for rotavirus. The comparison of catheter-related nosocomial infections between 2019 and 2020 did not show significant differences. The prevention and control measures for the COVID-19 pandemic have reduced the nosocomial infection in almost all departments, except the ICU, mainly regarding respiratory, gastrointestinal, and oral infections, while catheter-related infections did not show any differences.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent type of cancer in the whole world. Cuproptosis is discovered as a programmed cell death pathway and connected to cells' growth and death, as well as ...tumorigenesis. The relationship between cuproptosis and GC is still elusive. Two aspects of this study will elaborate the relationship between cuproptosis and immunotherapy as well as biomarkers in GC. Notably, the herein review is intended to highlight what has been accomplished regarding the cuproptosis for the diagnosis, immunotherapy, and prognosis in GC. The aim of this study is to offer a potential directions and the strategies for future research regarding cuproptosis inside the GC.
Matrine (MT) is a naturally occurring alkaloid and an bioactive component of Chinese herbs, such as
and Radix
. Emerging evidence suggests that MT possesses anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, ...anti-oxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-fibrotic, anti-allergic, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties. These pharmacological properties form the foundation for its application in the treatment of various diseases, such as multiple types of cancers, hepatitis, skin diseases, allergic asthma, diabetic cardiomyopathy, pain, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. However, an increasing number of published studies indicate that MT has serious adverse effects, the most obvious being liver toxicity and neurotoxicity, which are major factors limiting its clinical use. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that MT has low oral bioavailability and short half-life
. This review summarizes the latest advances in research on the pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics of MT, with a focus on its biological properties and mechanism of action. The review provides insight into the future of research on traditional Chinese medicine.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the third most common cause of cancer death. But it has only limited therapeutic options, aggressive nature, and very low overall survival. Dihydroartemisinin ...(DHA), an anti-malarial drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), inhibited cell growth in HCC. The Warburg effect was one of the ten new hallmarks of cancer. Solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) was a crucial carrier for glucose to enter target cells in the Warburg effect. Yes-associated transcriptional regulator 1 (YAP1), an effector molecule of the hippo pathway, played a crucial role in promoting the development of HCC. This study sought to determine the role of DHA in the SLC2A1 mediated Warburg effect in HCC. In this study, DHA inhibited the Warburg effect and SLC2A1 in HepG2215 cells and mice with liver tumors in situ. Meanwhile, DHA inhibited YAP1 expression by inhibiting YAP1 promoter binding protein GA binding protein transcription factor subunit beta 1 (GABPB1) and cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1). Further,
YAP1
knockdown/knockout reduced the Warburg effect and SLC2A1 expression by
shYAP1
-HepG2215 cells and
Yap1
LKO
mice with liver tumors. Taken together, our data indicated that
YAP1
knockdown/knockout reduced the SLC2A1 mediated Warburg effect by
shYAP1
-HepG2215 cells and
Yap1
LKO
mice with liver tumors induced by DEN/TCPOBOP. DHA, as a potential YAP1 inhibitor, suppressed the SLC2A1 mediated Warburg effect in HCC.
Silicone rubber insulators are widely used in power grids because of their excellent performance, but aging has been an inevitable problem of silicone rubber, especially in extreme conditions, such ...as acidic conditions. In order to clarify the performance changes in silicone rubber in an acidic environment, this paper uses the developed acid-resistant silicone rubber sheet and common silicone rubber samples as the research objects, and conducts an aging comparison test on them in a natural acidic environment. The electrical properties, physical properties, and chemical properties of the two types of silicone rubber specimens with different aging times are analyzed to obtain the performance characteristics of silicone rubber under a natural acidic environment. The research results show that the dry flash voltage and pollution flashover voltage of the acid-resistant silicone rubber after one year of aging are greater than those of the common type; the water repellency of both types of silicone rubber remains in good condition. The silicone rubber produced by our team according to the self-developed acid-resistant silicone rubber formula has indeed played a role in delaying aging in an acidic environment compared with the common-type silicone rubber.
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