Among the battery systems involving a lithium containing cathode, the anode-free lithium metal battery (AFLMB) exhibits the highest potential energy density. However, the lack of excess lithium ...amplifies the problems of dendritic Li growth, dead lithium formation, parasitic reactions, etc. The surface properties of the current collector play a crucial role in affecting the cycling stability of AFLMBs. Herein, we use a simple chemical pre-lithiation method to form a thin Li 4.4 Sn coating layer with a fully lithiated phase on Cu foil (Li 4.4 Sn@Cu). The lithiophilic Li 4.4 Sn layer is conducive to fast electrochemical kinetics and induces higher nucleation density, which facilitates the epitaxial and dense deposition of Li ions. The dense Li deposition reduces the consumption of active lithium due to the inhibited side reactions between lithium and the electrolyte. Thus, anode-free lithium metal pouch cells assembled with Li 4.4 Sn@Cu and a LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 cathode with an areal capacity of 4 mA h cm −2 exhibits a high capacity retention of 85.5% after 50 cycles with an energy density of 355 W h kg −1 under limited electrolyte addition of 2 g A h −1 .
A series of Nb-doped (Ce,Cr)
x
O
2
-Nb
2
O
5
mixed oxides with varying (Ce,Cr)
x
O
2/
Nb
2
O
5
mass ratio were prepared by a co-precipitation method and evaluated for the catalytic performance of ...eliminating 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE). The results indicate that there exists a strong synergistic effect between acid sites and redox species in (Ce,Cr)
x
O
2
-Nb
2
O
5
improving the catalytic activity for DCE oxidation. Appropriate Nb doping could promote the high dispersion and the interaction of metal oxides in the (Ce,Cr)
x
O
2
-Nb
2
O
5
catalysts, resulting in the formation of more Cr
6+
species with strong oxidizing ability and excellent mobility of oxygen species from bulk to surface to create more active sites for DCE deep oxidation. The (Ce,Cr)
x
O
2
-Nb
2
O
5
catalysts with (Ce,Cr)
x
O
2
/Nb
2
O
5
ratios of 2/1~1/2 exhibit excellent catalytic activity and durability for DCE degradation in dry air as well as benzene or water vapor, and less chlorinated byproduct is produced during the degradation of DCE.
In ferromagnet/antiferromagnet bilayers and core/shell nanoparticles, an exchange-bias-like loop bias phenomenon in the ferromagnet is observed solely due to the long-range dipolar interactions ...between ferromagnet and antiferromagnet. With increasing cooling field, the loop bias field may increase from zero in the bilayers or from a negative value in the core/shell nanoparticles to a positive saturated value, depending on the interfacial dipolar interaction and/or ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic thickness. Using a modified Monte-Carlo method and the Meiklejohn-Bean model, the interfacial dipole fields (up to several teslas) and the domain sizes imprinted on the interfacial antiferromagnet are explicitly calculated to elucidate the cooling field dependence of loop bias, which is governed by distinct mechanisms at the flat and curved interfaces. Finally, through simply discussing the roles of lattice structure, ferromagnetic dipolar interaction, and simulation time, it is evidenced that the dipole-induced loop bias is ubiquitous and applicable for stabilizing a ferromagnet, irrespective of the interface mismatch and the undeterministic diffusion between different ingredients. This work helps us to develop the spintronic devices with nonatomic-contact nanostructure assemblies.
Abstract
GH2132 superalloy performances excellent properties, such as the good rupture strength and yield strength below 923K, the fine processing plasticity and the good welding properties. The warm ...working behavior of GH2132 superalloy at 673 K – 773K is investigated by a thermal simulator in this paper. The results show that the worm working effects at the center of specimen is the most significant compared with other positions. The deformation temperature and strain rate is the key parameters significantly affecting the warm working behavior. The increase of the temperature enhances the recovery softening effect, which reduces the stress and the work hardening effect slightly. The deformation heat is significant with the increasing strain rate, which results in the work hardening behavior does not change markedly. This study provides an important reference for the worm forming of GH2132 superalloy.
Background. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an ultrarare vascular sarcoma. At present, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and prognostic factors are still unclear. Our study ...attempted to describe clinical features, investigate the prognostic indicators, and establish the nomogram prediction model based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for EHE patients. Methods. The patients diagnosed with EHE from 1986 to 2018 were collected from the SEER database and were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 7 : 3. The Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the independent factors affecting prognosis and establish a nomogram prognostic model to predict the survival rates for patients with EHE. The accuracy and discriminative ability of the model were measured using the concordance index, receiver operating characteristic curves, and calibration curves. The clinical applicability and application value of the model were evaluated by decision curve analysis. Results. The overall age-adjusted incidence of EHE was 0.31 patients per 1,000,000 individuals, with a statistically significant difference per year. Overall survival at 1, 5, and 10 years for all patients was 76.5%, 57.4%, and 48.2%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified age, tumour stage, degree of tissue differentiation, surgical treatment, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy as independent factors affecting prognosis (P<0.05). The C-index values for our nomogram model of training group and validation group were 0.752 and 0.753, respectively. The calibration curve was in good agreement with the actual observation results, suggesting that the prediction model has good accuracy. The decision curve analysis indicated a relatively large net benefit. Conclusions. The nomogram model may play an important role in predicting the survival rate for EHE patients, with good concordance and accuracy, and can be applied in clinical practice.
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR is an oncogene, that has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in multiple types of malignant tumor tissues. However, its expression and association with ...synovial sarcoma (SS) remains unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the expression level of HOTAIR in SS tissues and also identify its role. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of HOTAIR and microRNA (miR)-126 in 54 tissue samples from patients with SS, in 10 tissue samples from synovium tissues of normal patients, and in SW982 cells. The protein expression level was measured using western blot analysis and cellular immunofluorescence. Cellular proliferation, invasion and migration were assessed using MTT, Transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. HOTAIR was expressed at high levels in SS tissues. In contrast, miR-126 was expressed at low levels in SS tissues, and was negatively correlated with HOTAIR expression. HOTAIR knockdown in SW982 cells inhibited cellular proliferation
, but also significantly increased the ratio of cells in the G
/G
phase of the cell cycle, and decreased the ratio of cells in the G
/S phase. In addition, HOTAIR knockdown inhibited the invasion and migration of the SW982 cells, as observed in the Transwell and wound healing assays. Furthermore, HOTAIR knockdown increased miR-126 expression level and decreased the expression level of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) at the protein level. On the other hand, while miR-126-mimic decreased the protein expression level of SDF-1, miR-126-inhibitor increased its expression level in SW982 cells. Notably, HOTAIR knockdown or SDF-1 knockout significantly decreased the protein expression levels of CDK1, CDK2, cyclin D1, MMP-9, vimentin and N-cadherin, and significantly increased the protein expression levels of p21, p53 and E-cadherin in SW982 cells. HOTAIR was highly expressed in SS tissues, wherein it could promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of SS cells by increasing the expression of SDF-1 via miR-126 inhibition.
Lithium metal anode is regarded as the ultimate choice for next-generation energy storage systems, due to the lowest negative electrochemical potential and super high theoretical specific capacity. ...However, the growth of lithium dendrite during the cycling process is still one of the most critical bottlenecks for its application. In this work, a slurry-like hybrid electrolyte is proposed towards the application for lithium metal anode, which is composed of a liquid electrolyte part and a nanometric silane-Al2O3 particle part. The hybrid electrolyte shows high ionic conductivity (3.89 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25 °C) and lithium-ion transference number (0.88). Especially, the resistance of hybrid electrolyte decreases compared to that of liquid electrolyte, while the viscosity of hybrid electrolyte increases. It is demonstrated that the hybrid electrolyte can effectively suppress the growth of lithium dendrite. Stable cycling of Li/Li cells at a current density up to 1 mA cm−2 is possible. The hybrid electrolyte helps to uniform the lithium ion flux inside the battery and partly comes from the formation of a rigid and highly conductive hybrid interfacial layer on the surface of lithium metal. This work not only provides a fresh way to stabilize lithium metal anode but also sheds light on further research for electrolyte optimization and design of lithium metal battery system.
Compared to liquid electrolyte, the hybrid electrolyte has higher lithium-ion transference number, which contributes to dendrite-suppressed deposition of Li metal. These slurry-like hybrid electrolyte shows cycling stability in both Li symmetrical cells and Li4Ti5O12/Li cells. Display omitted
The incidence of cancer patients with bone metastasis is increasing annually. With the advancement of medical treatment for malignant tumors, the survival time of patients with spinal metastases is ...gradually being prolonged, and adjacent segment vertebral metastases often occur after conventional pedicle screw (CPS) surgery, leading to spinal instability, pain and nerve function injury again, with repeated symptoms. Combined pedicle screw fixation can maintain or reconstruct the spinal stability. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of cement-augmented fenestrated pedicle screws in the posterior approach for spinal metastases by comparing with CPS.
From January 2017 to August 2019, 52 patients with spinal metastases who underwent separation surgery and internal fixation via posterior approach were retrospectively enrolled. Cases were divided into the cement-augmented pedicle screw (CAPS) group (28 cases) and the CPS group (24 cases). The baseline data age, gender, surgical sites, surgical segment, Tomita classification, Tomita score, Tokuhashi score, spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS), surgical information, and local progression-free survival (PFS) time were compared between the two groups. Every patient was followed-up every 3 months with imaging examination. The visual analog scale (VAS) score and Frankel grade of the two groups were recorded before and 3 months after the operation were used to evaluate the efficacy. The operation time, the amount of intraoperative blood loss, the amount of bone cement injected in the pedicle screw group, and the complications of the surgery were recorded to evaluate the safety of CAPS.
The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two group. Compared with the CPS group, the CAPS group showed significantly longer operation time (163±20
138±18 min, P<0.001) and lower VAS scores (2.93±1.33
4.17±1.34, P=0.002). Adjacent segment vertebral metastasis occurred in 10 cases (2 in the CAPS group and 8 in the CPS group, P=0.017). Internal implant failure occurred in 8 cases (1 in the CAPS group and 7 in the CPS group, P=0.011). Compared with the CPS group, the CAPS group had a significantly longer local PFS time (P<0.05).
CAPS could be a safe and effective choice in surgery for spinal metastases with the posterior approach.
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