Vortex beams with orbital angular momentum play a crucial role in increasing the information capacity in optical communications. The magnitude of orbital angular momentum determines the ability of ...information encoding. In practice, a vortex beam can encounter random objects or turbulence during free-space propagation, resulting in information damage. Therefore, accurately measuring the orbital angular momentum of a randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beam is a considerable challenge. Herein, we propose a single-shot method for the phase retrieval of a randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beam by combining the phase-shift theorem and self-reference holography. Experimental results reveal that the sign and magnitude of the initial orbital angular momentum can be simultaneously determined based on their quantitative relation with the number of coherence singularities on the observation plane, thus addressing the effects of random occlusion and atmospheric turbulence. The proposed method considerably improved the accurate decoding of orbital angular momentum information in nonideal freespace optical communications.
For a partially coherent Laguerre–Gaussian (PCLG) vortex beam, information regarding the topological charge (TC) is concealed in the cross-spectral density (CSD) function phase. Herein, a flexible ...method for the simultaneous determination of the sign and magnitude of the TC for a PCLG vortex beam is proposed based on the measured CSD amplitude and phase after the beam propagates through a dual cylindrical lens with adjustable angles. Both the stripes in the CSD amplitude and phase exhibit quantitative relationships with the value of TC, that is, N=2l+1. Meanwhile, the angle adjustability of cylindrical lenses allows flexible measurements, thus rendering the scheme effective for both high and extreme coherences.
C5 nerve root paralysis is a nonnegligible complication after posterior cervical spine surgery (PCSS). The cause of its occurrence remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyse the ...incidence of and risk factors for C5 nerve root paralysis after posterior cervical decompression.
We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 640 patients who underwent PCSS in the Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2013 to September 2019. According to the status of C5 nerve root paralysis after surgery, all patients were divided into paralysis and normal groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors for C5 nerve root paralysis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to demonstrate the discrimination of all independent risk factors.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex, preoperative cervical spine curvature, posterior longitudinal ligament ossification, and preoperative C4/5 spinal cord hyperintensity were independent risk factors for paralysis, whereas the width of the intervertebral foramina was an independent protective factor for paralysis. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the T2 signal change at C4-C5, sex, cervical foramina width, curvature and posterior longitudinal ligament ossification were 0.706, 0.633, 0.617, 0.637, and 0.569, respectively.
Male patients with C4-C5 intervertebral foramina stenosis, preoperative C4-C5 spinal cord T2 high signal, combined with OPLL, and higher preoperative cervical spine curvature are more likely to develop C5 nerve root paralysis after surgery. Among the above five risk factors, T2 hyperintensity change in C4-C5 exhibits the highest correlation with C5 paralysis and strong diagnostic power. It seems necessary to inform patients who have had cervical spine T2 hyperintensity before surgery of C5 nerve root paralysis after surgery, especially those with altered spinal cord T2 signals in the C4-C5 segment.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumorigenicity, but the role of EMT-related lncRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains ...unclear.
The clinical data and gene expression profile of CRC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differential expression analysis, Cox regression model, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to study the relationship between EMT-related lncRNAs and the prognosis of CRC. Functional analysis and unsupervised clustering analysis were performed to explore the influence of certain lncRNAs on CRC. Finally, Cytoscape was used to construct mRNA-lncRNA networks.
Two signatures incorporating six and ten EMT-related lncRNAs were constructed for predicting the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that patients in the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis than those in the low-risk group. The results of the functional analysis suggested that the P53 and ECM-receptor pathways affect the prognosis of CRC, and AL591178.1 is a key prognostic EMT-related lncRNA, which is negatively related to immune cells, P53 pathway, and ECM-receptor pathway.
Six OS-related and ten DFS-related EMT-related lncRNAs were correlated with the prognosis of CRC by potentially affecting the immune microenvironment, and AL591178.1 plays a key role as a prognostic factor.
Amorphous alloys produced through rapid solidification offer a host of exceptional properties, with the caveat that achieving a fully amorphous structure. In our laboratory, the FeSiBPC alloy has ...demonstrated substantial industrial potential, but it contends with a persistent challenge in the form of surface crystallization during large-scale manufacturing. This study delves into the phenomenon of surface crystallization, variables influencing surface crystallization and elucidate its distinctive characteristics were studied. A noteworthy breakthrough emerges with the inaugural characterization of a high-quality fiber texture within an Fe-based amorphous alloy, achieved through Electron Backscattered Diffraction. Our findings underscore the remarkable sensitivity of air pressure within the chamber, revealing its significant impact on the intensity of Bragg peaks related to surface crystals. Moreover, the crucial role of an oxide atmosphere in effectively mitigating surface crystallization and offer insights into the mechanisms governing this preventive action. This study provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay of factors governing surface crystallization in amorphous alloys, offering promising avenues for enhanced industrial applications.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, efficacy, and indications of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) combined with selective transforaminal endoscopic ...decompression (TED) in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBLF).
From August 2015 to October 2018, a total of 41 patients with single-segment TLBF (28 men and 13 women) were enrolled in this study. X-ray and computed tomography were obtained before surgery, 1 week after surgery, and 1 year after surgery to evaluate spinal recovery. In addition, we used the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA), and the Frankel classification of neurological deficits to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments.
The average follow-up time was 22.02 ± 8.28 months. The postoperative Cobb angle, vertebral body compression ratio, vertebral wedge angle, mid-sagittal canal diameter compression ratio, and Frankel grade were significantly improved. There were also significant improvements in the VAS (7.61 ± 1.41 vs. 1.17 ± 0.80, P < 0.001), ODI (89.82 ± 7.44 vs. 15.71 ± 13.50, P < 0.001), and JOA (6.90 ± 2.91 vs. 24.90 ± 3.03, P < 0.001).
Our results showed that PPSF combined with selective TED in the treatment of TLBF had excellent efficacy, high safety, less secondary injury than other treatments, and a wide range of indications and that it could accurately distinguish patients who did not need spinal canal decompression after posterior fixation. PPSF combined with selective TED is therefore a good choice for the treatment of TLBF.
Based on the definition of fractional Fourier transform (FRT), the propagation properties of an anomalous hollow beam (AHB) through the FRT have been investigated in detail. An analytical formula is ...derived for the FRT of an AHB. By using the derived formula, the properties of an AHB in the FRT plane are illustrated numerically. The results show that the properties of an AHB in the FRT plane are closely related to the parameters of the beam and the fractional order p. The derived formula provides an effective and convenient way for analyzing and calculating the FRT of an AHB.
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•The effects of constituent elements on AFA and grain refinement were analyzed.•FeSiBPCCu alloys were designed according to the proposed composition design rules.•Preformed ...Cu-clusters can stimulate the crystallization process.•Suitable Cu content is essential for uniform structure and excellent properties.•Changes of magnetic properties is well explained by the microstructure evolutions.
High Bs nanocrystalline alloys (HBNAs) are increasingly attractive due to their unique microstructure and outstanding magnetic properties. It is important to clearly explore the crystallization mechanism to provide reliable and efficient composition design methods. In this study, composition design rules are proposed under the considerations of high amorphous forming ability (AFA) and microstructure refinement. These rules were verified in designing a FeSiBPCCu alloy system with excellent magnetic performance. The crystallization mechanism was investigated by exploring the microstructure evaluation process and the effects of Cu on the nucleation and crystallization processes. The addition of Cu stimulates the crystallization process, leading to the formation of a uniform microstructure with fine grains. The microstructure evaluation process was also clearly exhibited, which could explain the changes in the magnetic properties during the annealing process. The results are of great significance and shed light on the crystallization mechanism of HBNAs.
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