Gold nanorods (NRs), pseudo-one-dimensional rod-shaped nanoparticles (NPs), have become one of the burgeoning materials in the recent years due to their anisotropic shape and adjustable plasmonic ...properties. With the continuous improvement in synthetic methods, a variety of materials have been attached around Au NRs to achieve unexpected or improved plasmonic properties and explore state-of-the-art technologies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the latest progress on Au NRs, the most versatile anisotropic plasmonic NPs. We present a representative overview of the advances in the synthetic strategies and outline an extensive catalogue of Au-NR-based heterostructures with tailored architectures and special functionalities. The bottom-up assembly of Au NRs into preprogrammed metastructures is then discussed, as well as the design principles. We also provide a systematic elucidation of the different plasmonic properties associated with the Au-NR-based structures, followed by a discussion of the promising applications of Au NRs in various fields. We finally discuss the future research directions and challenges of Au NRs.
Enriching the library of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles that can be chemically mass-produced will greatly facilitate the applications of chiral plasmonics in areas ranging from constructing optical ...metamaterials to sensing chiral molecules and activating immune cells. Here we report on a halide-assisted differential growth strategy that can direct the anisotropic growth of chiral Au nanoparticles with tunable sizes and diverse morphologies. Anisotropic Au nanodisks are employed as seeds to yield triskelion-shaped chiral nanoparticles with threefold rotational symmetry and high dissymmetry factors. The averaged scattering g-factors of the L- and D-nanotriskelions are as large as 0.57 and - 0.49 at 650 nm, respectively. The Au nanotriskelions have been applied in chiral optical switching devices and chiral nanoemitters. We also demonstrate that the manipulation of the directional growth rate enables the generation of a variety of chiral morphologies in the presence of homochiral ligands.
Probiotics can prevent obesity and related metabolic complications. In our study, the protective effect and molecular mechanism of
JL1 (separated from the feces of healthy infants) on high-fat diet ...mice were investigated. After 10 weeks of dietary intervention with
JL1 intervention, the body weight of the JL1 group (23.78 g) was significantly lower than that of the HFD group (26.59 g,
< 0.05) and the liver index was reduced. Serum biochemical analysis showed that the TC, TG and LDL-C contents of JL1 group mice were significantly decreased (
< 0.05). Histological images of the mice livers showed that the degree of lipid action and damage of hepatic cells were improved.
JL1 activated the AMPK pathway, and reduced the gene expression of PPAR-γ, LXR-α and SREBP-1C. In addition, the protein expression of PPAR-γ and LXR-α were reduced. After dietary intervention with
JL1, the concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were increased significantly, especially the concentration of butyric acid, which was 63.16% higher than that of the HFD group (
< 0.05). In conclusion, this study provided a theoretical reference for the development and application of probiotics derived from healthy infant feces in health products and functional foods.
A salt-tolerant polymer based on hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, allyl polyethylene glycol, acrylamide, and
N,N
′-dimethyl octadecyl allyl ammonium ...chloride has been synthesized. Salt thickening and rheological performance of the polymer solutions have been studied. Polymer solutions have demonstrated an excellent uninterruptedly thickening ability within a wide range of salt concentrations. When concentrations of NaCl and CaCl
2
reached 19.9 and 19.3%, the apparent viscosity of a 1% polymer solution increased to 660 and 330 mPa s, respectively. Meanwhile, polymer solutions containing high NaCl or CaCl
2
concentrations showed good viscoelasticity, shear resistance, and temperature resistance. A scanning electron microscopy showed that increase in a salt concentration enhanced the hydrophobic association strength of polymer solutions and increased the density of the formed network structure, which was macroscopically manifested as a viscosity increase. The results of this study may promote the research and development of polymers resistant to extreme salt concentrations.
The dynamic and static gelation process in porous media of the phenol formaldehyde resin gel was studied for successful application in conformance control and water shutoff. Shear rate was the most ...important factor affecting the dynamic gelation in porous media. Compare to static gelation in ampoule bottles and in porous media, the dynamic gelation time in porous media was extended by 2–6 times. The ability of migration and plugging after dynamic gelation was controlled by system concentration. The porous media permeability was the key factor for dynamic gelling time and strength. The quantitative relationship equation was established between dynamic gelling strength and permeability to choose the appropriate permeability for polymer gel treatment.
Glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMD) refer to a series of metabolic disorders caused by abnormal processes of glucose and lipid synthesis, decomposition, and absorption in the body, leading to ...glucose and lipid excess, insulin resistance, and obesity. Probiotic intervention is a new strategy to alleviate metabolic syndrome.
JY062 (
JY062) was separated from the Tibet-fermented dairy products. The results demonstrated a strong ability to relieve blood glucose disorders, blood lipid disorders, and tissue damage. The LPH group had the best effect, significantly decreasing the total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), leptin, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations and increasing the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, adiponectin, and
level compared to HFD-group mice.
JY062 could activate the
pathway, increased
, and
mRNA expression and decreased
,
, and
mRNA expression.
JY062 intervention decreased the relative abundance of harmful bacteria, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, and restored the imbalance of gut microbiota homeostasis caused by a high-glucose-fat diet.
JY062 alleviated glucolipid metabolism disorders via the adipoinsular axis and gut microbiota. This study provided a theoretical basis for probiotics to ameliorate glucolipid metabolism disorders by regulating the adipoinsular axis.
We describe a special, interesting phenomenon found in the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus (AHLM): most tear patterns in the AHLM are distinctive, with loose fibers in injured region and ...circumferential fiber bundles were separated. We name it as macerated tear. The goal of this study was to bring forward a new type of meniscal tear in the AHLM and investigate its clinical value.
AHLM tears underwent arthroscopic surgery from January 2012 to December 2014 were included. Data regarding the integrity of AHLM were prospectively recorded in a data registry. Tear morphology and treatment received were subsequently extracted by 2 independent reviewers from operative notes and arthroscopic surgical photos.
A total of 60 AHLM tears in 60 patients (mean age 27.1 years) were grouped into horizontal tears (n = 15, 25%), vertical tears (n = 14, 23%), complex tears (n = 6, 10%), and macerated tears (n = 25, 42%). There were 6 patients with AHLM cysts in macerated tear group and one patient in vertical tear group. 60 patients were performed arthroscopic meniscus repairs and were followed-up with averaged 18.7 months. Each group had significant postoperative improvement in Lysholm and IKDC scores (p < 0.05). However, the macerated tear group showed least functional recovery of Lysholm and IKDC scores compared to other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, there were no differences in postoperative range of motion, return to work, or return to sport/other baseline activities between the four groups (p > 0.05).
This study demonstrated that the macerated tear is common in the tear pattern of AHLM. However, feasibility of the treatment of this type of meniscal tear, especially the meniscus repairs still requires further study.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective
To bring forward an arthroscopic classification of the popliteomeniscal fascicles of the lateral meniscus (PFLM) tears.
Design
Six fresh frozen knee joint samples of adult males were ...chosen, and the lateral meniscus at the popliteal hiatus region were measured to analyze their anatomic relationship. Patients who had received magnetic resonance imaging scan at knee joint before the surgery and diagnosed as PFLM tears by arthroscopy from April 2014 to October 2017 were selected. Data regarding the integrity of PFLM were prospectively recorded in a data registry. Tear morphology and treatment received were subsequently extracted by 2 independent reviewers from operative notes and arthroscopic surgical photos.
Results
The average length and thickness of the popliteal hiatus of the lateral meniscus were 2.09 ± 0.21 cm and 0.43 ± 0.08 cm, respectively. The average length of anterosuperior popliteomeniscal fascicle (APF) was 0.87 ± 0.18 cm, and the posterosuperior popliteomeniscal fascicle (PPF) was 0.72 ± 0.15 cm. A total of 36 PFLM tears in 36 patients were divided as type I (APF tear; n = 5, 13.9%), type II (PPF tear; n = 20, 55.6%), and type III (both APF and PPF tears; n = 11, 30.6%). All patients were treated with arthroscopic all-inside repair using a suture hook for the PFLM tears and follow-up for 21.1 months. All patients have done well with significantly improved Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee scores at the last follow-up relative to preoperative scores (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
This study suggests to possibly classify the PFLM tears for clinical practice.
Plasmonic metal nanostructures generate vivid colors with high spatial resolution. Active control of plasmonic pixels by electrical means, which is compatible with integrated circuit technologies, is ...a promising technique for dynamic full color reflective display. However, the development of electrical plasmonic display is still limited by the difficulties in cost‐effective construction of active plasmonic pixels over large areas. This study demonstrates the achievement of electrical plasmonic display in full color by electrophoretic movement control of plasmonic noble metal nanocrystals in an organic electrolyte solvent. The persistent issues of nanoparticle aggregation and irreversible deposition in electrophoresis are addressed through appropriate surface modifications of the plasmonic nanocrystals, enabling them as advantageous nanoscale colorful pigments with long‐term durability. A weak electric field therefore allows color display with high contrast, high saturation, and electrical reconfigurability. The ink containing plasmonic pigments is further assembled into microfluidic chips to display different characters. The strategy will pave the way towards the development of plasmonic electronic paper in full color.
Electrical plasmonic display is achieved by reconfigurable electrophoretic movement control of noble metal nanocrystals in an organic electrolyte solvent. The noble metal nanocrystals serve as advantageous nanoscale colorful pigments with long‐term durability and mass production compatibility when their surfaces are modified by a hydrophobic coating. The technique is highly valuable in developing plasmonic electronic paper in full color.
Manipulating large numbers of a variety of particles/wires is essential for many lab-on-a-chip technologies. Here we generate a planar array of optofluidic vortices with photothermal gradients from ...an easy-fabricated graphene oxide (GO) heater to achieve high-throughput and multiform manipulation at low excitation power and low loss. As a tweezer, each vortex can rapidly capture and confine particles without restrictions on shapes and materials. The stiffness of the confinement is easily tuned by adjusting the vortex dimension. As a motor, it can actuate any traps to persistently rotate/spin in clockwise or anti-clockwise mode. As a high-performance 'workshop', this work lays the groundwork for various self-assembly ranging from colloid-based clusters, chains, capsules, shells and ultra-thin films, through particles' surface modification and fusion, to nanowire-based architectures. Furthermore, we can create multiple vortex arrays through fabricating an array of heaters, which enables massively parallel manipulation and distributed operations all on a chip.
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