Depression and anxiety are common symptoms for schizophrenia (SZ) in the early onset. This study aimed to determine whether long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be indicators for diagnosing SZ in ...nonpsychiatric hospitals.
Three upregulated SZ lncRNAs, six downregulated major depressive disorder (MDD) lncRNAs and three upregulated generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) lncRNAs were cross-validated in 45 SZ patients, 48 MDD patients, 52 GAD patients and 40 controls by reverse transcription-PCR.
Three SZ lncRNAs were significantly downregulated in GAD patients. The expression of the six MDD lncRNAs showed an opposite trend in SZ patients, and the three GAD lncRNAs also showed significant differences between SZ and GAD patients.
The three upregulated SZ lncRNAs are not entirely replicated in MDD and GAD patients and could be potential indicators for distinguishing SZ from MDD and GAD in nonpsychiatric hospital.
About half of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have clinically meaningful levels of anxiety. Greater severity of depressive illness and functional impairment has been reported in ...patients with high levels of anxiety accompanying depression. The pathogenesis for the comorbidity was still unsure.
This study aimed to determine whether there would be molecular link for overlapped pathogenesis between MDD and anxiety disorder.
Using long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) microarray profiling and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, six downregulated lncRNAs and three upregulated lncRNAs had been identified to be the potential biomarkers for MDD and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), respectively. Then, the lncRNAs were cross-checked in forty MDD patients, forty GAD patients, and forty normal controls.
Compared with normal controls, six downregulated MDD lncRNAs also had a significantly lower expression in GAD (
< 0.01), and there was no significant difference between GAD and MDD (
> 0.05). In addition, three upregulated GAD lncRNAs had no different expression in MDD (
> 0.05), but there was remarkable difference between MDD and GAD (
< 0.01).
These results indicated that lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells could be potential molecular link between MDD and GAD, which added new evidence to the overlapped pathogenesis and suggested that anxious depression could be a valid diagnostic subtype of MDD.
Detecting/sensing targets underwater has very important applications in environmental study, civil engineering and national security. In this paper, an organic-film based triboelectric nanogenerator ...（TENG） has been successfully demonstrated for the first time as a self-powered and high sensitivity acoustic sensor to detect underwater targets at low frequencies around 100 Hz. This innovative, cost-effective, simple-design TENG consists of a thin-film-based Cu electrode and a polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） film with nanostructures on its surfaces. On the basis of the coupling effect between triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, the sensor generates electrical output signals in response to incident sound waves. Operating at a resonance frequency of 110 Hz, under an acoustic pressure of 144.2 dBspc, the maximum open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the generator can respectively reach 65 V and 32 ~A underwater. The directional dependence pattern has a bi-directional shape with a total response angle of 60~. Its sensitivity is higher than -185 dB in the frequency range from 30 Hz to 200 Hz. The highest sensitivity is -146 dB at resonance frequency. The three-dimensional coordinates of an acoustic source were identified by four TENGs, self-powered active sensors, and the location of the acoustic source was determined with an error about 0.2 m. This study not only expands the application fields of TENGs from the atmosphere to water, but also shows the TENG is a promising acoustic source locator in underwater environments.
With its light weight, low cost, and high efficiency, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is considered a sustainable and renewable energy source for self‐powered or mobile electronics. However, ...the performance of TENG is seriously affected by humid environment. Here, for the first time, TENG with improved performance under high humidity is obtained by adding HKUST‐1 (Cu3(BTC)2, (BTC = 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate or trimesate)) to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. At 10% relative humidity (RH), an effective power (3.17 mW) of the composite TENG based on 5 wt% HKUST‐1 is obtained at a load resistance of 10 MΩ, which is 13 times higher than that of the TENG based on pure PDMS. More importantly, the performance of composite TENG remains constant or becomes higher even under high humidity, while that of conventional TENG dramatically decreases at the same condition. The excellent humidity‐resistive performance comes from the remarkably enhanced electron‐trapping capacity and dielectric constant due to the absorption of HKUST‐1 to water molecules. This work not only demonstrates that a metal organic framework is an effective filler to improve the performance of TENG but also provides a novel strategy to obtain high output properties under highly humid environments by increasing the electron‐trapping capacity and dielectric constant.
A high‐performance triboelectric nano‐generator (TENG), especially in highly humid environments, is obtained by adding 5 wt% HKUST‐1 possessing reversible adsorption and desorption behaviors of water molecules in the nanochannels. This work first expands the current materials used for TENGs to metal organic frameworks and provides a novel strategy to improve the poor output performance induced by the high humidity.
Although textile-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are highly promising because they scavenge energy from their working environment to sustainably power wearable/mobile electronics, the ...challenge of simultaneously possessing the qualities of cloth remains. In this work, we propose a strategy for TENG textiles as power cloths in which core–shell yarns with core conductive fibers as the electrode and artificial polymer fibers or natural fibrous materials tightly twined around core conductive fibers are applied as the building blocks. The resulting TENG textiles are comfortable, flexible, and fashionable, and their production processes are compatible with industrial, large-scale textile manufacturing. More importantly, the comfortable TENG textiles demonstrate excellent washability and tailorability and can be fully applied in further garment processing. TENG textiles worn under the arm or foot have also been demonstrated to scavenge various types of energy from human motion, such as patting, walking, and running. All of these merits of proposed TENG textiles for clothing uses suggest their great potentials for viable applications in wearable electronics or smart textiles in the near future.
Despite the rapid advancements of soft electronics, developing compatible energy devices will be the next challenge for their viable applications. Here, we report an energy-harnessing triboelectric ...nanogenerator (TENG) as a soft electrical power source, which is simultaneously self-healable, stretchable, and transparent. The nanogenerator features a thin-film configuration with buckled Ag nanowires/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) composite electrode sandwiched in room-temperature self-healable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) elastomers. Dynamic imine bonds are introduced in PDMS networks for repairing mechanical damages (94% efficiency), while the mechanical recovery of the elastomer is imparted to the buckled electrode for electrical healing. By adjusting the buckling wavelength of the electrode, the stretchability and transparency of the soft TENG can be tuned. A TENG (∼50% stretchabitliy, ∼73% transmittance) can recover the electricity genearation (100% healing efficiency) even after accidental cutting. Finally, the conversion of biomechanical energies into electricity (∼100 V, 327 mW/m2) is demonstrated by a skin-like soft TENG. Considering all these merits, this work suggests a potentially promising approach for next-generation soft power sources.
Rapid development in wearable electronics has brought huge convenience to human life and gradually penetrated into various indispensable fields, such as health monitoring, medical assistance, smart ...sports, object tracking and smart home, etc. However, the suitable energy supply system for these wearable electronics remains an important issue to address. Fiber and textile triboelectric nanogenerators (f/t-TENGs), capable of converting biomechanical energy into electricity, have promising features to act as a mobile sustainable power source for wearable electronics or directly serve as an intelligent self-powered sensing solution. Compared with the low-output piezoelectric nanogenerators, hard-to-wear electromagnetic generators and other bulk TENGs, the fiber/textile TENG may be the best type of wearable human mechanical energy harvester at present. Herein, this review comprehensively introduces the recent progress of smart fibers and textiles with a highlight on triboelectric nanogenerators, including the general materials and structures of fiber/textile shaped electronics, various fiber and textile devices for triboelectric/triboelectric-integrated energy harvesting and self-powered smart sensing systems. Moreover, the advance of f/t-TENGs with multifunctionality and large-scale textile processing techniques is summarized as well. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of f/t-TENGs for future improvement, large-scale production and emerging applications are thoroughly discussed as well.
Graphic abstract
Researchers have devoted a lot of efforts on pursuing light weight and high flexibility for the wearable electronics, which also requires the related energy harvesting devices to have ultrathin ...thickness and high stretchability. Hence, an elastic triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is proposed that can serve as the second skin on human body. The total thickness of this TENG is about 102 µm and the device can work durably under a strain of 100%. The carbon grease is painted on the surface of elastomer film to work as stretchable electrode and thus the fine geometry control of the electrode can be achieved. This elastic TENG can even work on the human fingers without disturbing body movement. The open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current from the device with a contact area of 9 cm2 can reach 115 V and 3 µA, respectively. Two kinds of self‐powered sensor systems with optimized identification strategies are also designed to demonstrate the application possibility of this elastic TENG. The superior characteristics of ultrathin thickness, high stretchability, and fine geometry control of this TENG can promote many potential applications in the field of wearable self‐powered sensory system, electronics skin, artificial muscles, and soft robotics.
An ultrathin and highly stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device is demonstrated. The total thickness of this elastic TENG is about 102 µm and the device can work durably under a strain of 100%. The TENG device can serve as a fundamental element for the self‐powered sensory system or as the energy supplier for electronic skin, artificial muscles, and soft robotics.
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