A novel ferrate(VI)/titanium dioxide/ultraviolet Fe(VI)/TiO
2
/UV system was successfully established for the photocatalytic oxidation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP). This system demonstrated a higher ...removal efficiency of DMP (95.2%) than the conventional TiO
2
/UV and Fe(VI) alone systems (51.8% and 23.5%, respectively) and produced obvious synergistic effects. Response surface methodology (RSM), based on a three level, three independent variables design, was conducted through Design Expert 8.0.6 program, and a second-order polynomial model (
R
2
= 0.998) was developed to quantitatively describe the photocatalysis of TiO
2
combined with Fe(VI) oxidation under ultraviolet irradiation. The fresh TiO
2
and photochemical reacted Fe(VI)/TiO
2
were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and element dispersive spectrum (EDS), which indicated that Fe(VI) was imprinted into the TiO
2
, and the surface adsorbed Fe-O-(organic) materials inhibited DMP degradation. This photocatalytic oxidant showed high activity and stability after nine cycles without loss of its effectiveness (counting from the second cycle). The intermediates/products of DMP were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The proposed pathway for DMP degradation involved one electron transfer of hydroxyl radical and breaking of the ester bond and benzene ring. The mineralization efficiencies of DMP in actual industrial wastewater and simulated water were 87.1% and 95.2%, respectively, suggesting practical field applications. A ecotoxicity test (17.3% inhibition on bioluminescence) in treating actual industrial wastewater containing DMP implied that the proposed Fe(VI)/TiO
2
/UV had a potential for industrial water treatment.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and communication between the gut and brain (the gut-brain axis) has been found to be essential in behavior and cognitive ...function. However, the exact mechanisms underlying microbiota dysbiosis in PD progression have not yet been elucidated. Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between gut microbiota disturbances and feces metabolic disorders in PD. We used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to induce PD models and observed mice's motor symptoms, dopaminergic (DA) neuron death, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. To identify alterations in microbiota and metabolome, feces were collected from mice and analyzed using 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing feces metabolomics. Pearson analysis was utilized to investigate correlations between the abundances of gut microbiota components and the levels of gut microbiota metabolites, displaying their interaction networks. Our findings revealed a significant increase in Desulfobacterota in the PD mouse model and 151 differentially expressed fecal metabolites between PD and vehicle mice. Moreover, Pearson correlation analysis suggested that the protective factor N-acetyl-L-leucine (NALL) may be associated with neuroinflammation in the striatum and substantia nigra, which also had a negative relationship with the concentration of Desulfobacterota. Additionally, we found that oral administration of NALL alleviated MPTP-induced Motor Impairments and DA neuronal deficits. All in all, we concluded that the decrease of NALL might lead to a significant increase of Desulfobacterota in the MPTP model mouse and subsequently result in the damage of DA neurons via the gut-brain aix pathway.
•Desulfobacterota showed a downward trend in the PD mouse model.•N-acetyl-L-leucine had a negative relationship with the concentration of Desulfobacterota.•N-acetyl-L-leucine was a possible protective factor for PD.
Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
nanohybrids were assembled by the photoreduction–precipitation assisted with ultrasonic method. Rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) were selected to evaluate ...the photocatalytic performance of Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
nanohybrids, and the effects of operating conditions (photocatalyst dosage, dye concentration and pH) were further studied. The photocatalytic debasement of Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
for RhB, MB and MO reached 99%, 98% and 95% under UV light (365 nm) for 30 min, respectively, while decreased to 90%, 88% and 73% under visible light (> 420 nm). In comparison with the pure ZnTiO
3
, the degradation of RhB, MB and MO by Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
under UV light increased 14.09-fold, 3.16-fold and 6.18-fold, respectively. Based on UV–visible absorption spectra and photoluminescence spectra, the photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
nanoparticles was enhanced by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and efficient interchange between photogenerated electrons and holes. After five cycling experiments, the degradation ability of Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
nanoparticles descended less than 10% and the physicochemical features almost unchanged, which indicated that these hybrid photocatalysts exhibited favorable durability and stability. Moreover, an enhancement photocatalytic mechanism of Ag/AgCl/ZnTiO
3
photocatalysts was proposed by band gap analysis and trapping experiments.
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality across the world. However, there is a paucity of information regarding mortality rates and associated risk factors in patients with acute ischemic ...stroke (AIS) undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). In this study, we aimed to clarify these issues and analyzed previous publications related to mortality in patients treated with EVT.
We analyzed the survival of 245 consecutive patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy for AIS for which mortality information was obtained. Early mortality was defined as death occurring during hospitalization after EVT or within 7 days following hospital discharge from the stroke event.
Early mortality occurred in 22.8% of cases in this cohort. Recanalization status (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction, mTICI) (
= 0.002), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS) score 24-h after EVT (
< 0.001) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) (
< 0.001) were independently associated with early mortality. Age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, NIHSS score pre-treatment, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), stroke subtype, site of arterial occlusion and timing form onset to recanalization did not have an independent influence on survival. Non-survivors had a shorter hospitalization (
< 0.001) but higher costs related to their hospitalization and outpatient care.
The recanalization status, NIHSS score 24-h after EVT and sICH were predictors of early mortality in AIS patients treated with EVT.
Objective To investigate the effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on pyroptosis in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and the underlying possible mechanism. Methods PCa cell lines PC-3 and DU145 were divided ...into control group and DHA treatment group (50 μmol/L DHA). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the cell proliferation in the PC-3 and DU145 cells with and without DHA treatment. Pyroptosis was observed by electron microscopy. The integrity of cell membrane was detected by Caspase-1 activity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The contents of interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β were detected by ELISA. Annexin V-PI double-staining flow cytometry was used to measure pyroptosis. Bioinformatics analysis were performed to seek out the differentially expressed genes between normal prostate cells and PCa cells. Decitabine (DAC, 2 μmol/L) was used as a compared agent, the methylation level of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC) was detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR. The mRNA an
Diabetic nephropathy is considered one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and the pathophysiology involves multiple factors. Progressive diabetic nephropathy is believed to be ...related to the structure and function of the tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. However, the role of lysine acetylation in lesions of the renal tubular epithelial cells arising from hyperglycemia is poorly understood. Consequently, in this study, we cultured mouse renal tubular epithelial cells
under high glucose conditions and analyzed the acetylation levels of proteins by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. We identified 48 upregulated proteins and downregulated 86 proteins. In addition, we identified 113 sites with higher acetylation levels and 374 sites with lower acetylation levels. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the majority of the acetylated proteins were located in the mitochondria (43.17%), nucleus (28.57%) and cytoplasm (16.19%). Enrichment analysis indicated that these acetylated proteins are primarily associated with oxidative phosphorylation, the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), metabolic pathways and carbon metabolism. In addition, we used the MCODE plug-in and the cytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape software to analyze the PPI network and displayed the first four most compact MOCDEs and the top 10 hub genes from the differentially expressed proteins between global and acetylated proteomes. Finally, we extracted 37 conserved motifs from 4915 acetylated peptides. Collectively, this comprehensive analysis of the proteome reveals novel insights into the role of lysine acetylation in tubular epithelial cells and may make a valuable contribution towards the identification of the pathological mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy.
Air pollution has become one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is one of the important risk factors for adverse birth outcomes such as ...preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defects. Air pollution control has a long way to go. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to analyze and identify relevant protective factors. Some studies have shown that green space may be a protective factor for the adverse birth outcomes related to air pollution. This kind of research mainly utilizes satellite monitoring data, quantifies the green space coverage level in a certain range of buffer zone centered on the pregnant women's home addresses, and analyzes its mediation effect on the adverse pregnancy outcomes related to air pollution. In this paper we reviewed the use of green space data, the estimated effect of green space mediating the relationship between air pollution and adverse birth outcomes, and its possible mechanisms, aiming to clarify the impact of gre
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•EtOH-CCl4-H2O ternary solvent system was used for reactive dyeing of wool.•Chemical damage of wool fibers was reduced.•Water consumption and effluents discharge were reduced using ...the proposed method.
Severe effluent pollution and chemical damage to protein fibers generated from conventional aqueous dyeing process have stimulated interest in exploiting sustainable dyeing of wool. Herein, an ethanol (EtOH)-carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-water (H2O) ternary solvent system was used as the dyeing medium to protect wool fibers from being damaged in the dyeing process. The wool fibers were firstly pretreated in an aqueous acid solution, followed by dyeing in the EtOH-CCl4-H2O (45:50:5) ternary solvent system with reactive dyes. The results indicated that the acid pretreatment solution could be reused for several times, the samples dyed in the EtOH-CCl4-H2O mixture with the investigated dyes showed higher K/S values compared to the conventional approach, implying the increased dye utilization and decreased effluents discharge were realized. Furthermore, acceptable permeability, good colorfastness, and satisfactory leveling properties of the dyed samples were achieved using the developed method. Additionally, the solvent-assisted dyed samples showed improved mechanical properties compared with the conventionally dyed samples. The dyeing mechanisms of wool fibers in the EtOH-CCl4-H2O mixture were illustrated in detail. The proposed dyeing technology consumes fewer energy, freshwater, and chemicals compared with the conventional wool dyeing method. Future work will principally concentrate on the reuse of the dye-contaminated EtOH-CCl4-H2O mixture.
Air pollution has become one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is one of the important risk factors for adverse birth outcomes such as ...preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defects. Air pollution control has a long way to go. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to analyze and identify relevant protective factors. Some studies have shown that green space may be a protective factor for the adverse birth outcomes related to air pollution. This kind of research mainly utilizes satellite monitoring data, quantifies the green space coverage level in a certain range of buffer zone centered on the pregnant women's home addresses, and analyzes its mediation effect on the adverse pregnancy outcomes related to air pollution. In this paper we reviewed the use of green space data, the estimated effect of green space mediating the relationship between air pollution and adverse birth outcomes, and its possible mechanisms, aiming to clarify the impact of green space on adverse birth outcomes related to air pollution and provide a scientific basis for public health intervention strategies.
The hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) is observed in a proportion of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This sign reflects the presence of an intravascular thrombus rich in red ...blood cells. Several studies have demonstrated that HMCAS increases the risk of poor outcomes in AIS patients treated with IV thrombolysis or no reperfusion therapy; however, whether HMCAS predicts a poor outcome in patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is less clear. We aimed to evaluate the functional outcome by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 90 days and technical challenges in patients with HMCAS undergoing EVT.
We studied 143 consecutive AIS patients with middle cerebral artery M1 segment or internal carotid artery + M1 occlusions who underwent EVT.
There were 73 patients (51%) with HMCAS. Patients with HMCAS had a higher frequency of cardioembolic stroke (
= 0.038); otherwise, no other baseline difference was observed. No differences in functional outcomes (mRS) at 90 days (
= 0.698), unfavorable outcomes (mRS > 2) (
= 0.929), frequency of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (
= 0.924), and mortality (mRS-6) (
= 0.736) were observed between patients with and without HMCAS. In patients with HMCAS, EVT procedures were 9 min longer, requiring a higher number of passes (
= 0.073); however, optimal recanalization scores (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction: 2b-3) were equally achieved by both groups.
Patients with HMCAS treated with EVT do not have a worse outcome at 3 months compared with no-HMCAS patients. Patients with HMCAS required a greater number of thrombus passes and longer procedure times.
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