Research has shown that personality is associated with anxiety levels in the general population. However, little is known about the relationship between personality and preoperative anxiety and the ...subsequent health outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. Therefore, this review aimed to identify studies that explored the relationship between personality traits and preoperative anxiety, as well as their association with postoperative outcomes. Existing literature shows that anxiety may play an intermediary role in the relationship between personality and postoperative outcomes. Severe anxiety may partially explain the adverse effects of certain personality traits, such as neuroticism, on postoperative outcomes. However, the relationship between personality traits, preoperative anxiety, and postoperative outcomes remains unclear. Interventions such as clinical evaluation, preoperative counseling, and management strategies can be of great value in identifying and resolving patients' anxiety and negative emotions to improve postoperative outcomes.
Lymphocyte apoptosis and monocyte dysfunction play a pivotal role in sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Programmed death-1 (PD1) and its ligand programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) exert inhibitory ...function by regulating the balance among T cell activation, tolerance, and immunopathology. PD-1 deficiency or blockade has been shown to improve survival in murine sepsis. However, PD-L1 and PD-1 differ in their expression patterns and the role of PD-L1 in sepsis-induced immunosuppression is still unknown.
Sepsis was induced in adult C57BL/6 male mice via cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on peripheral T cells, B cells and monocytes were measured 24 hours after CLP or sham surgery. Additionally, the effects of anti-PD-L1 antibody on lymphocyte number, apoptosis of spleen and thymus, activities of caspase-8 and caspase-9, cytokine production, bacterial clearance, and survival were determined.
Expression of PD-1 on T cells, B cells and monocytes and PD-L1 on B cells and monocytes were up-regulated in septic animals compared to sham-operated controls. PD-L1 blockade significantly improved survival of CLP mice. Anti-PD-L1 antibody administration prevented sepsis-induced depletion of lymphocytes, increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 production, decreased IL-10 production, and enhanced bacterial clearance.
PD-L1 blockade exerts a protective effect on sepsis at least partly by inhibiting lymphocyte apoptosis and reversing monocyte dysfunction. Anti-PD-L1 antibody administration may be a promising therapeutic strategy for sepsis-induced immunosuppression.
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have been very promising for versatile optoelectronic applications, whereas the inherent toxicity and instability of lead halide restrict its wide application. ...Herein, a kind of high‐performance multifunctional phosphor is designed based on heavy concentration Er
3+
‐activated lead‐free double perovskite Cs
2
NaBiCl
6
(CNBC), which realizes the self‐sensitization of Er
3+
ions and emits high‐brightness pure green emission upon dual near‐infrared (dual‐NIR) excitation. The luminescence properties can be further optimized by adding sensitizers (Yb
3+
/Nd
3+
). Interestingly, the emission intensity of the green region is heightened by 212‐fold after Yb
3+
ions doping, which is 40 times higher than that of the current popular phosphors (α‐NaYF
4
:2%Er
3+
,18%Yb
3+
). Meanwhile, the temperature sensing properties of the thermally coupled levels (Er
3+
:
2
H
11/2
,
4
S
3/2
) in Cs
2
NaBiCl
6
:40%Er
3+
are also investigated systematically based on the luminescence intensity ratio principle, and the maximum relative sensitivity is calculated to be as high as 1.27% K
‐1
(980 nm) and 1.57% K
‐1
(808 nm). Fortunately, the thermal stability and the performance for temperature readout of the studied phosphors are still maintaining a high level after doping sensitizers. The insights provided by this work will broaden the scope of lead‐free halide double perovskites in the fields of luminescence and thermometry.
The infinite potential of lanthanide in optoelectronic research has triggered the search for ideal host materials. Herein, based on the excellent lanthanide compatibility of double perovskite La 2 ...MgTiO 6 , light-responsive multifunctional phosphors with four modes were successfully constructed (Modes I–IV: Tm–Yb; Er–Yb; Ho–Yb; Er/Tm–Yb). After systematically exploring the internal mechanism of high-purity and brightness upconversion (UC) photoluminescence behind the four modes, intense green, blue and near-white lighting-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated. Besides, aiming at the different emission energy levels of the monitored bands, the temperature-sensing performance of Modes I–IV was strictly evaluated utilizing thermally coupled or non-thermally-coupled luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) techniques. All the modes demonstrate excellent temperature measurement potential, stability and repeatability. Especially in Mode IV, a novel self-calibrating partition thermometer with dual-emitting centers originating from Er/Tm was designed successfully, which can provide specific LIR for three regions of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature, and finally achieve high relative sensitivity over an ultra-wide temperature range. The results testify that the as-synthesized multifunctional phosphors break through the limitation of lanthanide doping types in a single material, which can realize the diversification of application functions and launch a new chapter for the design of advanced multifunctional materials.
The title compounds were prepared by a straightforward two-step procedure. Tartaric acid was first protected as either a bis(ketal) or a bis(acetal). This intermediate was then treated with potassium ...tert-butoxide at reduced temperature to effect a stereoselective elimination leading to the Z diastereomer of the α,β-unsaturated acid. This protocol is useful for the laboratory-scale synthesis of these compounds but can also be scaled up to produce kilogram quantities of the material.
Analytical pyrolysis-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC × GC/MS) was employed for the on-line analysis of cellulose via catalytic pyrolysis with different ...catalysts and catalytic temperatures to study the products and aromatic hydrocarbons selectivity. The catalysts were subjected to characterization methods, including XRD, TEM, NH3-TPD, to investigate the effects of the physicochemical properties of the catalyst on the product distribution. Results showed that the Ce0.8Zr0.2-xAlxO2 could significantly promote the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons under 400–550 °C. A lower catalytic temperature (≤350 °C) favored the formation of furan compounds, and a higher catalytic temperature (≥450 °C) supported the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The relative peak area of the aromatics prepared by using the Ce0.8Zr0.15Al0.05O2 catalyst was the highest being 85.24% at 550 °C. Moreover, the selectivity of the single-ring aromatics, such as benzene, toluene and xylene, were significantly affected by the presence of the Ce0.8Zr0.2-xAlxO2 catalysts. The higher total acidity of Ce0.8Zr0.15Al0.05O2 favored the formation of benzene and toluene. Additionally, the Ce0.8Zr0.15Al0.05O2 catalyst had a great thermal stability. The catalyst recycling tests showed that the Ce0.8Zr0.15Al0.05O2 catalyst can be reused five times to produce aromatic-rich bio-oil via catalytic fast pyrolysis.
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•Py-GC×GC/MS was employed to achieve catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose and on-line analysis of catalytic products.•Ce0.8Zr0.2-xAlxO2 catalysts were found to be an effective catalyst.•The highest relative peak area (87.24% ) of aromatics was achieved from cellulose over Ce0.8Zr0.15Al0.05O2 at 550°C.•Ce0.8Zr0.15Al0.05O2 catalyst can be reused five times to produce aromatic-rich bio-oil via catalytic fast pyrolysis.•Reduction of coke formation in the CFP of cellulose using Ce0.8Zr0.2-xAlxO2 catalysts.
The infinite potential of lanthanide in optoelectronic research has triggered the search for ideal host materials. Herein, based on the excellent lanthanide compatibility of double perovskite La
2
...MgTiO
6
, light-responsive multifunctional phosphors with four modes were successfully constructed (Modes I-IV: Tm-Yb; Er-Yb; Ho-Yb; Er/Tm-Yb). After systematically exploring the internal mechanism of high-purity and brightness upconversion (UC) photoluminescence behind the four modes, intense green, blue and near-white lighting-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated. Besides, aiming at the different emission energy levels of the monitored bands, the temperature-sensing performance of Modes I-IV was strictly evaluated utilizing thermally coupled or non-thermally-coupled luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) techniques. All the modes demonstrate excellent temperature measurement potential, stability and repeatability. Especially in Mode IV, a novel self-calibrating partition thermometer with dual-emitting centers originating from Er/Tm was designed successfully, which can provide specific LIR for three regions of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature, and finally achieve high relative sensitivity over an ultra-wide temperature range. The results testify that the as-synthesized multifunctional phosphors break through the limitation of lanthanide doping types in a single material, which can realize the diversification of application functions and launch a new chapter for the design of advanced multifunctional materials.
Multicolour LEDs and a self-calibrating partition thermometer are designed based on the excellent lanthanide compatibility of double perovskite La
2
MgTiO
6
.
The crystallization behavior, melting characteristics, and semicrystalline morphologies of wollastonite-filled recycled polypropylene (R-PP) composites without and with beta-nucleating agent were ...investigated in this study. The crystallization temperature (T.sub.c) of 20 mass% wollastonite-filled R-PP composite is 0.4 °C higher than that of R-PP, suggesting that the adding of wollastonite has little nucleation effect on crystallization of R-PP. However, 0.3 mass% TMB-5 significantly increases the T.sub.c of R-PP and induces a large number of beta-crystals in wollastonite-filled R-PP composites. For calcium pimelate-supported wollastonite (beta-W) filled R-PP composites, the T.sub.c and the relative beta-phase content of R-PP increase with increasing addition amount of beta-W (from 1 to 20 mass%). As a result, wollastonite-filled R-PP composites with beta-phase content higher than 85% can be obtained by adding 0.3 mass% TMB-5 or 20 mass% beta-W, which provides an effective method for realizing high value-added and low-cost recycling of R-PP.
On the basis of the remarkable optical properties, lanthanide ions‐doped luminescent materials have recently received increasing attention in the fields of information security and temperature ...sensors. Herein, the Ba2TiGe2O8 (BTGO) matrix can realize the cyan self-activated photoluminescence, the colour of lanthanide ions (Eu3+, Tb3+, Pr3+) doped BTGO phosphors can also change from cyan to red, green and yellow with varying excitation wavelength. Therefore, the dots with the various colour are designed to denote specific information for recognizing hiding message. In addition, a nonintrusive near-infrared (NIR)-II/III optical thermometer based on BTGO: Yb3+/Ho3+/Er3+ phosphor is also developed utilizing the phonon-assisted downshifting emissions (Ho3+, Er3+). All the results indicate that the optical property of lanthanide ions-doped BTGO phosphors are an important research and application field in the ratio thermometer and information security.
A multifunctional material for near-infrared nonintrusive luminescent thermometer and information security was designed based on lanthanide ions‐doped Ba2TiGe2O8 with high sensitivity and security. Display omitted
•The Ba2TiGe2O8 matrix has self-activated photoluminescence.•Optical performances of Ba2TiGe2O8: Ln3+ (Eu, Pr, Tb) can be applied to the information security.•The near-infrared ratio thermometry was designed by utilizing the downshifting emission of Ho3+ and Er3+ ions.
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![Effect of [beta]-nucleating...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/1388-6150/small "Effect of [beta]-nucleating agent on crystallization of wollastonite-filled recycled polypropylene composites")
