Phenolic pollutants released from industrial activities seriously damage natural freshwater resources, and their elimination or reduction to safe levels is an urgent challenge. In this study, three ...catechol-based porous organic polymers, CCPOP, NTPOP, and MCPOP, were prepared using sustainable lignin biomass-derived monomers for the adsorption of phenolic contaminants in water. CCPOP, NTPOP, and MCPOP showed good adsorption performance for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) with theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of 808.06 mg/g, 1195.30 mg/g, and 1076.85 mg/g, respectively. In addition, MCPOP maintained a stable adsorption performance after eight consecutive cycles. These results indicate that MCPOP is a potential material for the effective treatment of phenol pollutants in wastewater.
Carbon fibers (CFs) have attracted attention in the automotive, aviation, and aerospace industries. However, the coloration of CFs is challenging due to their brittleness, inertness, complexity, and ...time/energy-intensive processes. Herein, inspired by the naturally grown protrusive nanostructures on the green central surface of peacock back feathers, we report an in-situ self-growing strategy for developing carbon spheres (CSs) on the CFs surface to achieve color tuning. This is achieved via the dynamic growth of CSs using glucose as the feeding material. Combined with the coloration process, the interaction between CSs and CFs promotes stable interfacial forces in integrated molding. This strategy allows the coloring system to continuously vary its color in a designated manner, thereby, endowing it with satisfactory mechanical robustness, acid durability, and light fastness. We anticipate this developed approach can be potentially competitive in the color construction of CFs with multi-colors due to its low-cost manufacturing.
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This work aims at quantitative analysing the effect of different microstructures on the velocity at stress-free and stress coefficient (K) of longitudinal critical refraction (LCR) ...wave in measuring welding residual stress process, ameliorating the traditional LCR wave method for improving its’ effectiveness and accuracy. The longitudinal critically refracted wave attenuation velocity (LCR-AV) method was proposed in the evaluation of residual stresses in A7N01 welded joints. The same initial status base materials samples are used to produce different levels of grain size and precipitation by heat treatment technology, obtained the velocity at stress-free and attenuation of LCR wave. As expected, the voltage amplitude changes linearly with velocity and stress coefficient, and the precipitation effect can be ignored. The LCR-AV method based on the liner relationship between velocity, attenuation and grain size are efficient to decrease the errors resulting from the different microstructure (base metals, heat-affected zones, and welded zones). Differ with the traditional LCR waves method, the LCR-AV method also measures the voltage amplitude, and the measured results of LCR-AV method compared with those obtained by the hole-drilling reference method shows more sufficient measurement reliability and precision. It shows that LCR-AV method is a valuable quantitative technology to estimate the residual stress of welded joints.
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•Antibacterial and antiviral Cu2OPU composite films were fabricated by the improved nonsolvent induced phase separation.•The composites exhibited over 99.99 % inactivation ratio ...against Staphylococcus aureus and H1N1 virus.•The antibacterial activity of the composites remains above 99.99% after cyclic friction, bending, twisting, multi-temperature water dipping, and laundering.
Textile composites are ubiquitous in daily life and are one of the main ways in which bacteria and viruses spread. Highly effective antibacterial and antiviral flexible composites are effective for reducing microbe transmission. Herein, we reported an improved nonsolvent-induced phase separation method for the fabrication of flexible textile composites. Cu2O/polyurethane (Cu2OPU) composite films containing antibacterial and antiviral coatings were constructed using a Cu2O-polyvinyl butyral coagulation bath and binary solvent mixtures, yielding a composite that had excellent mechanical properties and stability and the components did not leach out. The as-prepared Cu2OPU composite films exhibited strong antibacterial and antiviral activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the H1N1 virus (above 99.99 % inactivation ratio). What’s more, Cu2OPU has excellent mechanical and environmental stability owing to the strong interfacial adhesion of Cu2O with the polymer matrix. Furthermore, it can withstand multiple washes and be suitable for daily use. Cu2OPU may be sustainably produced with great scalability, which may meet public, home, and textile applications.
Root pruning hinders the absorption and utilization of nutrients and water by seedlings in the short term. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are an important source of nutrient and water for ...seedlings except for the root system. However, the mechanism by which AMF affect the physiological growth of seedlings after root pruning has rarely been studied. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted through a three-compartment partition system to clarify the effects of Funneliformis mosseae (F. mosseae) strain BGC XJ07A on the physiological growth of root-pruned Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings. Five root pruning treatments (zero, one-fifth, one-fourth, one-third and one-half of the taproot length were removed) were applied to noninoculated seedlings and those inoculated with F. mosseae. The results showed that the presence of F. mosseae significantly increased the shoot and root biomasses, leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. The root projected area, root surface area, average root diameter, root density, root volume and number of root tips of the inoculated seedlings were higher than those without inoculation in all root pruning treatments. The root cytokinin, gibberellins and indole-3-acetic acid concentrations, but root abscisic acid concentration, were higher than those measured in the absence of inoculation in all root pruning treatments. Moreover, the changes in the root endogenous hormone concentrations of the seedlings were closely related to the root morphological development and seedling biomass. The AMF increased the soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, soil available potassium and soil organic matter concentrations compared with the noninoculated treatment. These results indicate that AMF can alleviate the adverse effects of root pruning on the physiological growth of R. pseudoacacia and soil properties, and can provide a basis for AMF application to forest cultivation and the sustainable development of forest ecosystems.
Conventional coloration of polyester (PET) yarns brings a huge burden to the environment due to the large amounts of water and energy consumption. Biomass-based industrial crops have received ...significant attention for multifunctional applications because of their properties of sustainability and low cost. This paper aims to provide a coloration process for PET yarns using biomass Lotus leaf powders (LLP) via a simple dip-rolling method. The PET yarns exhibited a greenish-yellow color originating from the LLP after the coloration process, showing the CIE color coordinates of (0.36, 0.37). An enhanced hydrophobic property with a contact angle of 141.1° accompanied by improving thermal stability was also obtained for the colored PET yarns. A textile fabricated using the as-prepared PET yarns showed bright color and enhanced hydrophobicity toward several kinds of liquids. The proposed coloration technology may demonstrate a promising strategy to endow PET yarns with multifunctional applications using biomass industrial crops.
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•Lotus leaf powders were used to construct color and hydrophobicity of polyester yarns.•Polyester yarns with enhanced properties were endowed by one-step dip-rolling method.•Textile with multifunctional property was fabricated by as-prepared polyester yarns.
Inorganic pigments have received considerable attention due to their color brilliance and thermal stability, which results in beautiful visual effects and desirable specific functions. Herein, we ...demonstrated a strategy for the coloration of cotton fabrics coloring with inorganic pigments using a transient high-temperature coloration method. The uniform color, excellent brilliance, and satisfactory fastness were given to the cotton fabrics after the coloration process. The cotton fabrics could be also colored by a mixture of various inorganic pigments. Meanwhile, the colored cotton fabrics exhibited improved heat conduction compared with the control sample, showing an increase in surface temperature by 2 °C. The heating conduction rate of cotton colored using inorganic pigments was also superior to the raw cotton fabric. Therefore, the proposed transient high-temperature coloration technology using inorganic pigments may be a potential industrialization method to improve coloration and functional properties in cotton applications.
Residual stress measurement and control are highly important for the safety of structures of high-speed trains, which is critical for the structure design. The longitudinal critically refracted wave ...technology is the most widely used method in measuring residual stress with ultrasonic method, but its accuracy is strongly related to the test parameters, namely the flight time at the free-stress condition (
t
0
), stress coefficient (
K
), and initial stress (σ
0
) of the measured materials. The difference of microstructure in the weld zone, heat affected zone, and base metal (BM) results in the divergence of experimental parameters. However, the majority of researchers use the BM parameters to determine the residual stress in other zones and ignore the initial stress (σ
0
) in calibration samples. Therefore, the measured residual stress in different zones is often high in errors and may result in the miscalculation of the safe design of important structures. A serious problem in the ultrasonic estimation of residual stresses requires separation between the microstructure and the acoustoelastic effects. In this paper, the effects of initial stress and microstructure on stress coefficient
K
and flight time
t
0
at free-stress conditions have been studied. The residual stress with or without different corrections was investigated. The results indicated that the residual stresses obtained with correction are more accurate for structure design.
We demonstrate the first true real-time in vivo video imaging of extracellular protease expression using an ultrafast-acting and extended-use activatable probe. This simple, one-step technique is ...capable of boosting fluorescent signals upon target protease cleavage as early as 30 minutes from injection in a small animal model and is able to sustain the strong fluorescent signal up to 24 hours. Using this method, we video imaged the expression and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in a tumor-bearing mouse model. The current platform can be universally applied to any target protease of interest with a known peptide substrate and is adaptable to a wide range of real-time imaging applications with high throughputs such as for in vivo drug screening, examinations of the therapeutic efficacy of drugs, and monitoring of disease onset and development in animal models.
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