The prediction of areas susceptible to floods is essential for the protection of the population living in vulnerable conditions. It is only possible when the main contributing factors are pointed ...out. It is very challenging for hydrologists to run models when the input data are not representative. Alternative methods, such as the multicriteria decision analysis, represent a good solution for the simulation of future scenarios. However, the criteria selection affects the accuracy of the further modelling process. The purpose of the current study was to select and attribute scores to all the feasible criteria that contribute to flood susceptibility in the coastal plains of the Juqueriquere river basin, Brazil. First, the Delphi method was employed in the expert-based survey. Then, the root square judgement scale was adapted to an extended Analytic Hierarchy Process approach for the final allocation of priority values. Even though the initially ranked scores were within a limited range, the proposed methodology could adequately redistribute these scores in the final scale from 1 to 10. The consistency and sensitivity analyses revealed that the findings were coherent, providing the weight vector of the achievable criteria that affect the flood likelihood in the study area.
Two major mechanisms have been causally implicated in the establishment of cellular senescence: the activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway and the formation of senescence-associated ...heterochromatic foci (SAHF). Here we show that in human fibroblasts resistant to premature p16(INK4a) induction, SAHF are preferentially formed following oncogene activation but are not detected during replicative cellular senescence or on exposure to a variety of senescence-inducing stimuli. Oncogene-induced SAHF formation depends on DNA replication and ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related). Inactivation of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) or p53 allows the proliferation of oncogene-expressing cells that retain increased heterochromatin induction. In human cancers, levels of heterochromatin markers are higher than in normal tissues, and are independent of the proliferative index or stage of the tumours. Pharmacological and genetic perturbation of heterochromatin in oncogene-expressing cells increase DDR signalling and lead to apoptosis. In vivo, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) causes heterochromatin relaxation, increased DDR, apoptosis and tumour regression. These results indicate that heterochromatin induced by oncogenic stress restrains DDR and suggest that the use of chromatin-modifying drugs in cancer therapies may benefit from the study of chromatin and DDR status of tumours.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This article demonstrates the successful application of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks to simulate streamflow in the Aquidauana River basin, located in the Brazilian ...Pantanal. The LSTM network used daily precipitation data as input to predict future streamflow in the region. The results obtained from this research show a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.82, indicating a strong fit of the model to the observed data. Additionally, the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) was found to be 0.53, indicating the model's accuracy in predicting streamflow compared to actual data. These findings highlight the effectiveness of LSTM networks in hydrological modeling for the Pantanal region, which is crucial for water resource planning and sustainable management in this ecologically significant area. This study is expected to serve as a catalyst for further research and make a substantial contribution to the advancement of streamflow prediction techniques in complex watersheds such as the Aquidauana River basin.
Este artigo mostra uma aplicação bem-sucedida de rede neural recorrente - Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), para simular a vazão na bacia do rio Aquidauana, dentro dos limites do Pantanal brasileiro. Os dados diários de precipitação serviram como variáveis de entrada para permitir que a rede LSTM previsse o fluxo futuro na região. Os resultados obtidos demonstram um coeficiente de determinação (R2) de 0,82, indicando um ajuste favorável do modelo aos dados observados, juntamente com um erro quadrático médio (RMSE) de 0,53, demonstrando precisão na previsão do modelo em comparação com a vazão real. Tais métricas ressaltam a eficiência das redes LSTM para modelagem hidrológica na região do Pantanal, um aspecto crucial para o planejamento e gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos na área. Espera-se que este estudo inspire novas pesquisas e contribua significativamente para o avanço das técnicas de previsão de vazões em bacias hidrográficas complexas e com deficiência de dados, como a bacia do Rio Aquidauana.
The Internet of Things (IoT) leverages added valued services by the wide spread of connected smart devices. The Swarm Computing paradigm considers a single abstraction layer that connects all kinds ...of devices globally, from sensors to super computers. In this context, the Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) emerges, spreading out connection to the IoT end devices. With the upsides of long-range, low power and low cost, LPWAN presents major limitations regarding data transmission capacity, throughput, supported packet length and quantity per day limitation. This situation makes LPWAN systems with limited interoperability integrate with systems based on REpresentational State Transfer (REST). This work investigates how to connect web-based IoT applications with LPWANs. The analysis was carried out studying the number of packets generated for a use case of REST-based IoT over LPWAN, specifically the Swarm OS over LoRaWAN. The work also presents an analysis of the impact of using promising schemes for lower communication load. We evaluated Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) and Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) to make transmission over the restricted links of LPWANs possible. The attained results show the reduction of 98.18% packet sizes while using SCHC and CBOR compared to HTTP and JSON by sending fewer packets with smaller sizes.
...this study represents a significant advancement in the realm of hydrological modeling within the Pantanal region. ...the insights gained from the utilization of LSTM in addressing data scarcity ...challenges can offer valuable implications for analogous circumstances in other regions globally. ...accurate hydrological modeling is indispensable for understanding the response of wetland ecosystems to environmental changes, ensuring their conservation, and supporting the communities dependent on these regions for their livelihoods. The Pantanal, with its vast floodplain and extensive network of rivers, exemplifies the intricate interplay between wetland hydrology and ecosystem health. ...gaining insights into the hydrological dynamics of the Pantanal, and wetlands in general, is essential for sustainable environmental management, particularly in the face of changing climate conditions.
Aberrant histone acetylation was physiopathologically associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). Reversal of histone deacetylation by histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACis) ...activates a cell death program that allows tumor regression in mouse models of AMLs. We have used several models of PML-RARA-driven acute promyelocytic leukemias (APLs) to analyze the in vivo effects of valproic acid, a well-characterized HDACis. Valproic acid (VPA)-induced rapid tumor regression and sharply prolonged survival. However, discontinuation of treatment was associated to an immediate relapse. In vivo, as well as ex vivo, VPA-induced terminal granulocytic differentiation. Yet, despite full differentiation, leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) activity was actually enhanced by VPA treatment. In contrast to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or arsenic, VPA did not degrade PML-RARA. However, in combination with ATRA, VPA synergized for PML-RARA degradation and LIC eradication in vivo. Our studies indicate that VPA triggers differentiation, but spares LIC activity, further uncouple differentiation from APL clearance and stress the importance of PML-RARA degradation in APL cure.
Erysipelothrix sp. isolates obtained from a deadly outbreak in farmed turkeys were sequenced and compared to representatives of the genus. Phylogenetic trees-supported by digital DNA:DNA ...hybridization and Average Nucleotide Identity-revealed a novel monophyletic clade comprising isolates from pigs, turkeys, and fish, including isolates previously described as E. sp. Strain 2. Genes coding for the SpaC protein, typically found in E. sp. Strain 2, were detected in all isolates of the clade. Therefore, we confirm E. sp. Strain 2 represents a unique species that may be isolated from a broad host range, and the name "Erysipelothrix takahashiae" is suggested. Core genome analysis showed that the pathogenic species of this genus, E. rhusiopathiae and the clade E. sp. Strain 2, are enriched in core functionalities related to nutrient uptake and transport, but not necessarily homologous pathways. For instance, whereas the aerobic DctA transporter may uptake C
-dicarboxylates in both species, the anaerobic DcuC transporter is exclusive of the E. sp. Strain 2. Remarkably, the pan-genome analysis uncovered that genes related to transport and metabolism, recombination and repair, translation and transcription in the fish isolate, within the novel clade, have undergone a genomic reduction through pseudogenization. This reflects distinct selective pressures shaping the genome of species and strains within the genus Erysipelothrix while adapting to their respective niches.
1. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between Escherichia coli isolates recovered from turkeys and the expression of beta-lactamase genes, such as extended spectrum beta-lactamase ...(ESBL) and ampicillin class C (AmpC). The phenotype of the resistance profile was examined using the association between amoxicillin and ceftiofur resistance.
2. Results showed that 84% from the turkey isolates harboured 4 or 5 genes associated with the CoIV plasmid. In an antibiogram test, 82% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, the highest levels of resistance being against erythromycin (99%) and amoxicillin (76.1%). ESBL-positive groups were 31% positive for the ctx-m-2 gene, 6.8% were positive for ctx-m-8 and 70% harboured the tem wild gene.
3. All positive isolates from the AmpC beta-lactamase-positive group harboured the cmy-2 gene. The presence of the cmy-2 gene was associated with both the CTX-group genes and resistance to ceftiofur.
4. There was a high prevalence of avian pathogenic E. coli in suspected cases of colibacillosis in turkeys and a high antimicrobial resistance index. The results highlighted the risk of ceftiofur resistance and the presence of both ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase E. coli in the turkey production chain.
The neglected tropical diseases Human African Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are caused by infection with trypanosomatid parasites Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania spp, respectively. The genomes ...of these organisms contain multiple putative G-quadruplex (G4) forming sequences which have recently been proposed to mediate processes relevant for parasite survival. Therefore, G4 could be considered as potential targets for a novel approach towards the development of antiparasitic drugs. Recently, we have demonstrated that G4 ligands such as carbohydrate naphthalene diimide conjugates (carb-NDIs) possess notable antiparasitic activity. Herein, we have synthesized a new family of carb-NDIs, characterized by significant structural variability, and evaluated their anti-parasitic activity, with special focus on T. brucei. The interaction with relevant G4 sequences was evaluated in vitro through independent biophysical methods (FRET melting assays under competing conditions with double stranded DNA, circular dichroism and fluorescence titrations). Finally, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy experiments demonstrated that the conjugates exhibit excellent uptake into T. brucei parasites, localizing in the nuclei and kinetoplasts. Promising antiparasitic activity and selectivity against control mammalian cells, together with their peculiar mechanism of action, render the carb-NDI conjugates as suitable candidates for the development of an innovative treatment of trypanosomiasis.
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•Carbohydrate-naphthalene diimide conjugates as antiparasitic drugs.•A G-quadruplex nucleic acid formed within T. brucei parasite genome.•Fluorescent G-quadruplex ligands monitoring the uptake into T. brucei parasites.•Antiparasitic drugs localised into the nuclei and kinetoplasts.
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