Abstract 1584
TET2, a gene frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies, encodes an oxygenase that may convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in hematopoietic cells. Using ...high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass sprectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS), we found lower levels of 5hmC in erythroblasts from patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms and TET2 mutations than in erythroblasts from non mutated patients. To study the function of TET2 during myelopoiesis, we used lentiviruses expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) designed to inhibit TET2 expression in CD34+ cells from normal bone marrow or umbilical cord blood. TET2 mRNA was knocked down by 56 to 74% in several human leukemia cell lines expressing shRNA-TET2, compared to cell lines expressing scramble shRNA. TET2 expression was then assessed in these cell lines by western blot, which showed a 49% reduction of TET2 protein in TF1 cell line, and 80 to 90% reduction in Kasumi, Uke1, and Mo7E cell lines. In addition, knock down of TET2 led to a 73% decrease in 5hmC in Mo7E cell line DNA whereas 5mC and cytosine contents remained unchanged as measured by HPLC-MS-MS. These results indicate that TET2 has a role in the hydroxylation of 5mC in human cells of hematopoietic origin. We then studied the consequences of TET2 knock-down in umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells in vitro. We observed a skewing of CD34+CD38- progenitor differentiation toward the myeloid lineage (52 +/− 4% of the TET2 knock down cells versus 35 +/− 3% of the control cells, n=3, p=0.001) at the expense of lympho-myeloid development and B cell and natural killer (NK) lymphoid lineages in a B/myeloid/NK culture condition. Methylcellulose in the presence of EPO, IL3, SCF, G-CSF showed greater numbers of CFU-G/GM (66 +/− 4 versus 58 +/− 3 colonies per 1000 input CD34+ cells) and lower numbers of BFU-E (60 +/−19 versus 78 +/− 19) in TET2 knock-down samples than in control samples (n= 4, p<0.05) indicating that there was also a skewing toward the granulo-monocytic differentiation at the expense of the erythroid lineage. In addition, in presence of G-CSF, IL3, and FLT3-ligand granulocytic differentiation was delayed in TET2 knock-down cells with a relative excess of monocytic cells at day 10 of culture as assessed by the analysis of cell morphology (47 +/− 4% monocytic cells versus 37 +/− 3%, n=5, p=0.006) and immunophenotype (52 +/− 3% of CD14+ cells versus 39+/−8%, n=5, p=0.002). We then analyzed the expression of a set of transcription factors at the mRNA level that confirmed that some transcription factors specific to granulocytic differentiation were under-expressed in TET2 knocked down cells between day 5 and day 10 of culture. Together, our results show that TET2 participates to the conversion of 5mC to 5hmC in hematopoietic cells, and suggest that TET2 inactivation may have a role in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies through the disturbance of myeloid differentiation.
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Peripheral blood sample was donated by a 61years old female patient diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia secondary to a primary myelofibrosis harboring the 52-bp deletion in the CALR gene ...(c.1092_1143del, p.L367fs*46) and the R693X mutation in the ASXL1 gene (c.2077C>T, p.R693X). CD34+ cells were isolated from the sample and subjected to the reprogramming procedure by using the Sendai virus carrying the reprogramming factors Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc. iPS colonies generated retained the original mutations and displayed all the features of bona fide iPS cells.
Orientador: Fernando Ferreira Costa
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: Policitemia vera (PV) é uma síndrome mieloproliferativa (SMP) crônica que ocorre por proliferação clonal de progenitores hematopoéticos multipotenciais. Pacientes com PV apresentam expansão das três principais linhagens mielóides na medula óssea, levando à produção aumentada de hemácias, granulócitos e plaquetas. Características importantes de PV incluem elevação de hematócrito em presença de níveis normais ou diminuídos de eritropoetina (EPO) e a formação de colônias eritróides endógenas (CEE). A mutação JAK2 V617F, presente na maioria dos pacientes com PV, causa ativação constitutiva de JAK2 e parece ser responsável pelo fenótipo observado. Apesar disso, as mudanças transcricionais desencadeadas pela mutação ainda não foram completamente caracterizadas. Neste trabalho, utilizou-se Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) para realizar um estudo de expressão gênica global em células da medula óssea de um paciente com PV portador da mutação, ao diagnóstico e em células normais de doadores saudáveis. Genes com expressão aumentada em PV estão envolvidos em processos biológicos importantes, como transdução de sinal, diferenciação e proliferação celular, ciclo celular, apoptose, resposta imune e regulação da transcrição. JUNB foi um dos genes identificados e, usando reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa em tempo real (qRT-PCR), detectou-se expressão aumentada de JUNB em dois outros pacientes com PV JAK2 V617F-positivos. Por meio de linhagens murinas Ba/F3-REPO e culturas primárias de eritroblastos humanos, observou-se que JUNB é expresso após adição de EPO e que a proteína JunB é constitutivamente induzida por JAK2 V617F. Além disso, interferência na expressão de JUNB diminuiu o potencial clonogênico e proliferativo de progenitores eritróides humanos Ainda, em PV, a eritropoese causada por JAK2 V617F mostrou-se mais sensível à diminuição de expressão de JunB do que a eritropoese normal. Assim, esses resultados sugerem que JunB tenha um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento de SMPs causadas por JAK2 V617F
Abstract: Polycythemia vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder that arises through clonal proliferation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. PV patients present bone marrow trilineage expansion, leading to increased production of mature red cells, granulocytes and platelets. Important PV features are elevated red cell mass, despite normal or subnormal erythropoietin (EPO) levels, and endogenous erythroid colony (EEC) formation. The JAK2 V617F mutation, present in the majority of polycythemia vera (PV) patients, causes a JAK2 constitutive activation and seems to be responsible for the PV phenotype. However, the transcriptional changes triggered by the mutation have not yet been totally characterized. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was used to perform a large scale gene expression study in bone marrow cells of a newly-diagnosed PV patient harboring the JAK2 V617F mutation and in normal bone marrow cells from healthy donors. Genes overexpressed in PV are involved in important biological processes, such as signal transduction, cellular differentiation, cellular proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, immune response and transcriptional regulation. JUNB was one of the genes up-regulated in PV and overexpression of JUNB was also detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in hematopoietic cells of another two JAK2 V617F PV patients. Using Ba/F3-EPOR cell lines and primary human erythroblast cultures, JUNB was found to be expressed after Epo addition and JunB protein was shown to be constitutively induced by JAK2 V617F. In addition, JUNB knock down reduced the clonogenic and proliferative potential of human erythroid progenitors. Furthermore, in PV, the JAK2 V617F driven erythropoisis was more sensitive to JunB downregulation than normal erythropoiesis. Hence, these results demonstrate that JunB may play a major role in the development of JAK2 V617F myeloproliferative disorders
Doutorado
Medicina Experimental
Doutor em Fisiopatologia Medica
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