By changing the spatial planning policy after 1991, a new practice of spatial development planning was introduced for the Slovenian coastal zone as well. This framework also involves the planning and ...design of open public space in the narrow coastal zone. The focus of this study was to define the situation concerning the manifestations of these spaces, their typology, design project practices, and the actual implementation level. The Strunjan Bay was selected as the study area, i.e. as a special landscape and cultural entity subject to a multitude of development and conservation interests. Using a descriptive research method, 10 existing projects were analysed for the area, which contain detailed designs of open public spaces. By comparing the individual parameters we found that the projects used a variety of authorial approaches, adapted processing criteria, and various interpretations of attractive visual elements, which are a component of the overall set design of traditional activities related to the marine environment. For most of the cases we found that they provided high-quality spatial solutions, but the level of their implementation was low – due to many complex reasons. The key differences are due to the different reasons of introducing these projects and their sources of financing. The solutions are therefore either highly research-oriented or, on the contrary, investment-oriented. In all cases the presence of the relevant spatial profession is evident. With all its accessible open public space, the coastal zone must remain in the public domain. A high-quality design of the spatial solutions in the zone can significantly contribute to a sustainable provision of democratic use of a public good.
In Slovenia, working at home is a traditionally present spatial paradigm with many positive implications for social development. This paper presents the results of a study that focused on the ...analysis of its manifestations, existing regulatory instruments, and the definition of measures for improving the situation in the field of its spatial regulation. Working at home occurs in a wide range of spatial solutions, from small-scale conversions or extensions to introduction of large building volumes into a settlement’s structure. Compared to operations in a business zone, its advantages are reflected in reduced labour and housing costs and in the mobilisation of owners’ property capacities. The negative consequences include increased freight transport, noise, and introduction of the typology of business buildings into the morphologically completed residential areas. This decreases the anthropogenic quality of the living environment and the potential value of properties. In most cases, the conditions that the existing spatial planning documents provide for are too vague to support the architectural and urbanistic transformation of residential buildings and the presence of disposal sites of raw materials, products, and technological waste. Along with the boundary values of noise, emissions, and other impacts determined by formal norms, it is also necessary to recognise the visual effect of modified buildings and their cumulative impacts on the wider living environment. At the spatial planning level we need to define the appropriate policy regarding the developmental significance and scope of working at home in individual spatial planning units, while at the implementing level we need efficient design conditions to develop high-quality functional and design solutions, which will support rational spatial interventions and their acceptability in the context of the local community.
El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar líneas de base para el desarrollo de un sistema de gestión integrada de zonas costeras (GIZC), como lo requiere el Protocolo GIZC (2008) para el Adriático. ...Utilizando métodos descriptivos y experimentales, se ha simulado el proceso de elaboración del Plan Municipal detallada espacial (OPPN) para desarrollos espaciales en la zona costera de la bahía de Strunjan, que está protegida bajo diferentes esquemas de protección. La simulación se dirige a reconocer la ordenación del espacio existente y el sistema de diseño urbano y en la definición de los puntos de partida para desarrollar un sistema de gestión integrado. Encontramos que en la actualidad el sistema existente en la República de Eslovenia se ve obstaculizada por las jurisdicciones estrictamente separadas por la parte marina y la parte terrestre, y la práctica metodológica establecida se centra exclusivamente en la producción de documentos de planificación espacial de la tierra. El sistema de gestión de la tierra acuática se basa en una concesión parcial de los derechos de concesión para el uso de la tierra y el agua es, en realidad, no comparable con el sistema de gestión en tierra. Para llevar a cabo la "integración" hay que encontrar un nuevo enfoque que aumentar la gama de actores participantes, los puntos de partida del proyecto, y la forma de su tratamiento metodológico.El estudio se llevó a cabo bajo el Proyecto SHAPE; sus resultados están destinados a ser utilizados por las instituciones a nivel local y nacional, responsables de la gestión de las zonas costeras.
L'objectiu d'aquest estudi va ser dissenyar línies de base per al desenvolupament d'un sistema de gestió integrada de zones costaneres (GIZC), com ho requereix el Protocol GIZC (2008) per l'Adriàtic. Utilitzant mètodes descriptius i experimentals, s’ha simulat el procés d'elaboració del Pla Municipal detallada espacial (OPPN) per a desenvolupaments espacials a la zona costanera de la badia de Strunjan, que està protegida sota diferents esquemes de protecció. La simulació es dirigeix a reconèixer l'ordenació de l'espai existent i el sistema de disseny urbà i en la definició dels punts de partida per desenvolupar un sistema de gestió integrat. Trobem que en l'actualitat el sistema existent a la República d'Eslovènia es veu obstaculitzada per les jurisdiccions estrictament separats per la part marina i la part terrestre, i la pràctica metodològica establerta se centra exclusivament en la producció de documents de planificació espacial de la terra. El sistema de gestió de la terra aquàtica es basa en una concessió parcial dels drets de concessió per a l'ús de la terra i l'aigua és, en realitat, no comparable amb el sistema de gestió en terra. Per dur a terme la "integració" cal trobar un nou enfocament que augmentar la gamma d'actors participants, els punts de partida del projecte, i la forma del seu tractament metodològic.L'estudi es va dur a terme sota el Projecte SHAPE; els seus resultats del qual estan destinats a ser utilitzats per les institucions a nivell local i nacional, responsables de la gestió de les zones costaneres.
The aim of this study was to design baselines for developing an Integrated coastal zone management system (ICZM), as required by the ICZM Protocol (2008) for the Adriatic. Using descriptive and experimental methods, we simulated the process of drawing-up the Municipal Detailed Spatial Plan (OPPN) for spatial developments in the coastal zone of the Strunjan Bay, which is protected under different protection schemes. The simulation was directed at recognising the existing spatial planning and urban design system and at defining the starting points to develop an integrated management system. We found that nowadays the existing system in the Republic of Slovenia is hindered by the strictly separate jurisdictions for the marine part and terrestrial part, and the established methodological practice focusing purely on producing spatial planning documents for land. The aquatic land management system is based on a partial granting of concession rights for the use of water land and is, in reality, non-comparable to the system of management on land. To bring about “integration” it is necessary to find a new approach that would increase the range of participating stakeholders, project starting points, and the manner of their methodological treatment.The study was conducted under the SHAPE1 project; its results are intended to be used by institutions at the local and national levels responsible for coastal zone management.1 Shaping an Holistic Approach to Protect the Adriatic Environment between coast and sea (2011–2014).
Maritime spatial planning (MSP) has been developing for years on the basis of international commitments, national legislations, and professional practices. Projects under European Territorial ...Cooperation have also made an important contribution to its development. They were designed to support EU countries in the implementation of MSP. The projects implemented in Slovenia always covered the entire national sea and coastal zone. In accordance with the MSP Directive, the countries of Northern Adriatic are currently preparing the first generation of maritime spatial plans, largely based on the experience and results gained from these projects. This article presents the results of research aimed at assessing the contribution of the projects to the preparation of the first plan in Slovenia. Using a descriptive research method, a detailed analysis of the results of seven projects was conducted and compared with the content of the draft plan. A comparison was made and the proportion of the results implementation in the draft plan was determined for the following structural elements: development baselines, objectives and guidelines; expert bases; stakeholders and public participation; sectoral interests; administrative competences; international dimension; and databases and analytical tools. A high degree of coherence was found, showing the obvious contribution of the projects at the methodological and structural levels.
In Slovenia, during the period of transition practically all mechanisms for steering economic and spatial development changed. The planning of business zones is part of this framework; business zones ...are competitive business environments for the placement of economic activities in the physical space. Over the past 25 years, their design was influenced by various factors: introduction of free market principles, privatisation of social property, and interests of the young state to establish, using proper strategies and financial initiatives, an efficient network of zones as drivers of economic development. Despite the ambitious plans and adopted strategic spatial planning acts at the national level we nowadays find that the zones, in their current spatial and administrative form, are not an efficient enough development mechanism. The focus of the study was to define the starting points as the basis for planning business zones and shaping policies to improve the existing situation. To improve the business competitiveness of the existing zones and their role in the planning and design system, we will have to set up a more efficient data updating system and form a broader approach to their management, promotion, and marketing.
Work at home and work from home are becoming the subject of interdisciplinary research in the current social conditions. Slovenia, as a post-transition country, has specific experience in terms of ...its regulation, as the former socialist and later transition period were relatively tolerant of various forms of work at home. The article presents the results of research aimed at studying current normative provisions for the organization of work at home, its actual spatial and program scope, and its correlation with building typology and morphology. Using a descriptive research method and by analyzing existing databases in the GIS environment, we found that work at home is a very extensive phenomenon in Slovenia. Despite the effective instruments in the fields of spatial planning, public administration, tax system, and employment legal relationships, its scope is mainly a consequence of historical tolerance, as this form of work has been legally organized and desirable for decades. We found that various urban characteristics did not significantly affect its occurrence in the past. The differences are reflected only in the extent of business activities that can be carried out in residential areas and differ according to the distance from urban centers. In order for the regulation of work at home to become even more efficient in the future, it is necessary to define more detailed criteria, especially in terms of its program regulation and monitoring of the spatial situation.
Številno ustanavljanje novih gospodarskih con odraža določene potrebe lokalnega podjetništva pri iskanju površin za vzpostavitev ali širitev delovanja. Različne definicije ustanovljenih območij za ...proizvodnjo, trgovino, storitve in servise nakazujejo, da je trenutni podjetniški trend usmerjen v široko paleto dejavnosti, ki bi jih načrtovalci prostora radi postavili v isti okvir. Neopredeljena terminologija in relativno razpršeno ustanavljanje novih območij sta predvsem posledica prenačelnih prostorskih strategij (regionalnih in nacionalnih), ki pri umeščanju novih ali obuditvi zdajšnjih con ne opredeljujejo konkretnega števila, velikosti in tipologije.
The ongoing establishment of new economic zones reflects specific needs of local entrepreneurs that are searching for places to ensure or expand their operation. Differing definitions of the newly ...established areas for production, retail and services point out that the present entrepreneurial trend is directed into a wide palette of activities, but physical planners are however trying to define them in the same framework. Undefined terminology and relatively dispersed creation of new zones are mainly the consequence of vague planning strategies (national and regional), which when dealing with new or revitalised zones don’t define real numbers, sizes and typologies.
The article presents the spatial distribution of business entities in Slovenia from locations in business zones and the areas of community, commerce and business services to work at home. The study ...uses the comparative method to determine their size, location and building typology. It was concluded that the structure is quite diversified and that most of the entities are located in residential areas. This field of study requires a further comprehensive treatment and regulation.
U članku je prikazana prostorna raspodjela poslovnih subjekata u Sloveniji od lokacije u poslovnim zonama, u područjima centralnih djelatnosti, do rada kod kuće. U istraživanju smo koristili komparativnu metodu da utvrdimo njihovo stanje s obzirom na broj, lokaciju i tipologiju zgrada u kojima se nalaze. Ustanovili smo da je struktura vrlo razgranata i da se većina entiteta nalazi u stambenim područjima. To područje u budućnosti zahtijeva cjelovitija istraživanja i reguliranje.
One of the key characteristics of urban-architectural workshops as a soft planning method is above all the fact that the authors are free of burden of formal facts and reference levels of the local ...environment, which do not influence the concept and the working process. Within this framework, the workshop presents an opportunity for the creator to focus primarily on the core of the problem, and work creatively towards a substantiated professional solution. In addition to the basic reference levels (programme, client’s needs, characteristics of space etc.) certain other circumstances such as ownership, economic, technical, local political and spatial development limitations can have a significant influence on the planning process and final project realisation. Their conscious exclusion from the set of reference levels can lead to formation of solely theoretical models, which are not generally acceptable and which, as a consequence, cannot be practically implemented.
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